New publications
Preparations
Magnevist
The substance for intravenous administration of Magnesium is a contrasting paramagnetic liquid used for MRI studies.
Indications of the magnevist
Magnesium is a specific drug that is used for diagnostic purposes:
- for carrying out contrast magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spinal cord (diagnosis of neoplasms, metastasis, differentiation of tumors);
- for carrying out contrast magnetic resonance tomography of the trunk, cranium, pelvic region and thorax, chest glands, vascular network (diagnosis of neoplasms, inflammatory processes, vascular lesions).
Magnetist can be used to determine the quality of surgical treatment, to detect postoperative relapse, for various types of differential diagnosis.
Release form
Magnesium is released as a solution for intravenous injection, 0.5 mmol per ml. The solution is packaged in glass bottles, corked with a stopper of rubber material and rolled up with a lid of their aluminum. The solution can also be poured into special glass syringes, sealed in a sealed PVC container. Each instruction is accompanied by an instruction.
Pharmacodynamics
Magnesium is not a drug. This is a paramagnetic contrast - a substance that improves visualization with MRI.
The contrast effect is explained by the combination of gadolinium and pentetic acid. The use of a certain sequence of visualization using contrasting makes it possible to increase the intensity of the signal and enhance the clarity of the image of some tissues.
The active ingredient dimeglumin gadopentat almost does not form bonds with proteins and does not inhibit the activity of enzymes.
Magnesium does not stimulate a complementary system, which almost never leads to anaphylactoid reactions.
Pharmacokinetics
The kinetic properties of Magnevist are similar to those of other highly hydrophilic bioinert compounds (mannitol, inulin, etc.). These characteristics do not depend on the amount of solution introduced.
After intravenous injection, a rapid distribution of the substance occurs. The half-life is half an hour. The drug does not overcome blood-brain and hematotestick barriers. Through the placenta, it is possible to penetrate a small dose of the substance, but it is soon removed from the bloodstream of the developing fetus.
The main excretion of the drug is carried out by the urinary system. With caloric masses, up to 1% of the total amount of contrast agent is excreted.
Use of the magnevist during pregnancy
The influence of Magnevist on the course of pregnancy has not been investigated. For this reason, the use of the drug should be done very carefully, only if the contrast MRT is vital.
When conducting a contrast study during lactation, it is recommended to suspend feeding for 24 hours at the end of the procedure.
Contraindications
Magnetist does not use:
- at the likelihood of an allergic reaction;
- To diagnose newborn babies (up to 28 days);
- in patients with severe kidney pathology;
- in patients during rehabilitation after liver transplantation.
Relative contraindications to the use of Magnevist are:
- bronchial asthma;
- epileptic seizures;
- period of pregnancy;
- moderate-moderate kidney disease.
Side effects of the magnevist
In most cases, adverse manifestations after Magnevist administration are expressed slightly and quickly self-eliminated. However, sometimes such symptoms can have a pronounced character:
- dizziness, disorientation;
- change in taste;
- the appearance of convulsions, paresthesias, tremors in the limbs;
- development of conjunctivitis;
- heart palpitations, rhythm disturbances;
- thromboses;
- difficulty breathing, discomfort in the larynx and pharynx, cough;
- pain and discomfort in the abdomen, diarrhea;
- dental pain, dryness in the oral cavity;
- dermatitis, redness of the skin;
- arthralgia;
- swelling, a feeling of fatigue;
- thirst.
Dosing and administration
The contrast agent Magnesium is intended exclusively for intravenous administration. The diagnostic procedure begins immediately after the injection of the drug.
MRI is preferably performed on an empty stomach.
Magnesium is injected in the horizontal position of the patient.
Dosage of the drug for the MRI of the brain or spinal cord is 0.2 ml per kg of the patient's weight. If necessary, repeat administration can be carried out only half an hour after the first injection.
The maximum single dose of the drug can be 0.6 ml of Magnevist per kg of weight for an adult patient and 0.4 ml per kg of weight in a child.
With MRI of the body, from 0.2 to 0.6 ml per kg of body weight is administered, depending on the area under investigation and the procedural procedure used.
Overdose
Overdose Magnesium is possible with a dose of more than 0.3 mmol per kg of patient weight.
Signs of an excessive dose:
- dehydration;
- increase in the volume of circulating blood;
- increased diuresis (osmotic);
- increased pressure in the pulmonary artery.
With pronounced signs of an overdose of Magnevist, hemodialysis may be used.