Leflocin

Leflocine is an effective antimicrobial drug from the fluoroquinolone subgroup. Its active ingredient is levofloxacin, which demonstrates a wide range of bactericidal effects.

According to the principle of its therapeutic activity, levofloxacin acts by slowing down the activity of DNA gyrase, which, as a result, leads to disruption of the processes of replication of microbial DNA. [1]

The drug is used to eliminate infections associated with the activity of bacteria that exhibit sensitivity to levofloxacin.

Indications Leflocin

It is used for infectious lesions with different localization associated with the activity of microbes that die under the influence of levofloxacin. Among those:

• infection of the respiratory ducts and ENT system;
• lesions of the subcutaneous layer and epidermis, and in addition to the peritoneal organs ;
• diseases affecting the urinary tract;
• infection of a gynecological nature.
• Together with this, the medication is prescribed for gonorrhea , osteomyelitis, and besides this, septicemia, dysentery, meningitis and salmonellosis.

The medicine is also used to prevent infections during operations.

Release form

The release of the medication is realized in the form of an infusion liquid - inside bottles with a capacity of 0.05, 0.1 or 0.2 liters, and in addition, inside polymer containers with a volume of 0.1 or 0.2 liters.

Pharmacodynamics

The drug effectively acts against strains of gram-negative and -positive aerobes with intracellular microbes. Among them are Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas with Salmonella, Serrata and Shigella with Yersinia, Citrobacter with Proteus, Neisseria and Escherichia coli. In addition, also Providence, Staphylococcus, Chlamydia, Haemophilus influenzae with streptococci, Campylobacter, Plesiomonas spp., Hafnias, Brucella with Vibrio spp. And Aeromonas spp.

Leflocine also affects bacteria that produce β-lactamases (including non-fermenting microbes). Among such microorganisms are strains of Mycoplasma pneumonia, Legionella pneumophila, Ureaplasma, Chlamydia pneumonia, and besides this Chlamydia trahomatis, Mycobacterium and Helicobacter pylori. [2]

Pale treponema has resistance to drugs. [3]

Pharmacokinetics

The active element of the drug forms large indicators inside the gallbladder, epidermis with bones, lung tissue and prostate. Its high values are also observed inside saliva with urine, sputum and bronchial secretions.

Approximately 30-40% of the drug is involved in protein synthesis.

The active substance of the drug is excreted mostly unchanged through the kidneys. The half-life is in the range of 6-8 hours.

Dosing and administration

The medication is administered using an intravenous infusion - through a dropper. The medicine can be used at a rate of no more than 0.1 l / hour. Taking into account the severity of the course of the disease, after several days from the start of treatment, the patient is transferred to the use of levofloxacin inside, while maintaining the daily dosage. The duration of treatment is selected by the attending doctor; it is necessary to continue using the drug for at least 2 days from the moment the clinical symptoms of the pathology disappear.

With a daily dosage of a drug of no more than 0.5 g, it is used for 1 infusion. If the portion per day is more than 0.5 g, by the decision of the treating doctor, it can be divided into 2 infusions.

Sizes of dosage portions of levofloxacin prescribed for persons with healthy kidney function.

In the case of community-acquired pneumonia, 0.5-1 g of Leflocin is often administered per day.

Infections in the area of the urethra, proceeding with complications, require the use of 0.25 g of medication per day. If the infection is severe, the attending physician may increase the daily dosage of drugs.

With lesions of the subcutaneous tissues and epidermis, and in addition, with bacteremia or septicemia, 0.5-1 g of the drug should be administered per day. In persons with septicemia or bacteremia, treatment should last at least 10 days.

In the case of infections in the abdomen, the medication is used in combination with other antimicrobial substances that demonstrate activity against anaerobes. In the case of such diseases, 0.5 g of levofloxacin is administered per day.

Treatment usually lasts at least 7 days. Moreover, its maximum allowable duration is 2 weeks.

Use of the medication in people with renal dysfunction.

The dosage portions should be adjusted taking into account the QC indicators.

For people with a CC level in the range of 20-50 ml per minute, you must first apply 0.25 g of medication per day; from the 2nd day of treatment, the daily portion is reduced to 125 mg. In the case of severe stages of infection, the first daily dose of the drug is increased to 0.5 g, and then the patient is transferred to the use of 0.25 g, with the introduction at 12-24 hour intervals.

Individuals with CC values within 10-19 ml per minute are injected with a daily portion of 0.25 g, and then, on the 2nd day of therapy, 125 mg of the medication is used (1 time in 2 days). Severe infections require the introduction of the first portion of the drug in the amount of 0.5 g per day, and then the transition to the use of 125 mg of the drug is made with 12-24 hour breaks.

People with a CC level that is below 10 ml per minute (also those who are on hemodialysis) are often used 0.25 g of the drug, and from the 2nd day they begin to inject 125 mg at 48-hour intervals. Severe lesions require the introduction of 0.5 g on the 1st day of treatment, and then the use of 125 mg with 1 dose in 24 hours.

• Application for children

The medication is not prescribed in pediatrics (up to the age of 18), since this can provoke disorders in the development of cartilage tissues.

Use Leflocin during pregnancy

You cannot use Leflocin during pregnancy. Before starting therapy with this medicine, the patient should be examined to exclude a possible pregnancy. Since the medication can lead to developmental disorders of the tissues of the joints, it is not used in pregnant women, during breastfeeding, and in addition, during the growth period.

If there is a need to use drugs during hepatitis B, you need to stop breastfeeding during treatment.

Contraindications

The drug is not used for personal hypersensitivity to levofloxacin and other antimicrobial substances from the quinolone subcategory.

Cannot be used in people with diseases in which there is a prolongation of the QT-interval, and also in epileptics.

Prescribing to persons with a deficiency of the G6PD component, and in addition with porphyria, is contraindicated.

It is used with extreme caution in the elderly (especially in persons who also undergo treatment with GCS), and at the same time in persons with atherosclerotic lesions in the cerebral vascular area, renal pathologies and disorders of cerebral circulation, as well as in chronic alcoholism...

Side effects Leflocin

The main side effects when using the medication:

• disturbances in the work of the PNS and CNS: headaches, depression, dizziness, severe fatigue, nightmares, problems with the daily regimen, anxiety without causes, hyperkinesia, auditory, taste and olfactory disorders and convulsions;
• problems associated with the hematopoietic system and CVS: thrombocyto-, pancyto- or leukopenia, hemolytic anemia, tachycardia, agranulocytosis, decreased blood pressure and eosinophilia;
• disorders of hepatic activity and gastrointestinal function: pain in the epigastric zone, vomiting, melena, stool disorders, anorexia and nausea, and in addition hepatitis, hyperbilirubinemia and an increase in the activity of intrahepatic enzymes. Occasionally, the appearance of pseudomembranous colitis occurs;
• signs of allergies: photophobia, epidermal itching, Quincke's edema and urticaria;
• others: acute renal failure or nephrotic syndrome, pain in the area of joints with muscles, superinfection, weakening of visual acuity and hypoglycemia. Hyperemia and pain may also develop in the area of the injection.

Overdose

The use of large dosages of the medication can provoke convulsions, dizziness, the development of confusion and mental disorders in patients. A subsequent increase in dosage leads to a prolongation of the QT interval.

There is no antidote. In case of poisoning, symptomatic actions are performed, as well as procedures that support cardiac activity. In case of intoxication, the patient must be under medical supervision; among other measures, he is monitored for ECG indicators.

Peritoneal and hemodialysis in case of overdose with levofloxacin will be ineffective.

Interactions with other drugs

With extreme caution, the medication must be used when administered to people using substances that reduce convulsive readiness (such as theophylline and NSAIDs).

Probenecid with cimetidine, when used in combination with levofloxacin, leads to a slowdown in its excretion.

When combining Leflocine with ethanol, the suppressive effect of levofloxacin on the central nervous system is potentiated.

The medicine can be used together with Ringer's solution, 0.9% infusion NaCl, 5% infusion glucose and amino acid solutions.

Do not combine the drug with infusion fluids with an alkaline effect and with heparin.

Storage conditions

Leflocine must be stored in a dark place. The liquid must not be frozen. Temperature indicators - no more than 25 ° C.

Shelf life

Leflocine can be used within 24 months from the date of manufacture of the therapeutic substance. When stored under the influence of sunlight, the drug has a shelf life of 3 days.

Analogs

The analogs of the medicine are the medicines Loksof, Levoflox with Abiflox, Levofloxacin, Tavanik and Flexid with Tigeron, and in addition Glevo, Floracid with L-Phlox and Levomak. Also on the list are Oftaquix, Levobax with Leflobact, Eleflox and Levoximed.