Haloperidol

Haloperidol is a special drug. It helps to combat psychological problems. Including it helps to get rid of chronic alcoholism. This medication is prescribed in special cases. It is not recommended to take it yourself, because it has its own particular testimony.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]

Indications of the haloperidol

Indications for use of haloperidol are very peculiar. The fact is that this drug is used for psychomotor agitation of various genesis. It can be a manic state, psychopathy, chronic alcoholism and schizophrenia. Apply it and in those cases when a person has hallucinations, he begins to rave, etc. With an increase in psychosis, paranoid status and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, it is necessary to take the remedy.

Psychosomatic disorders can occur against the background of psychiatric disorders. This condition is often found in childhood and the elderly. The remedy is used for stuttering, prolonged hiccup, which is accompanied by vomiting.

To improve the condition in schizophrenia as a maintenance therapy, it is necessary to take this medication. Independently use the tool in any case impossible. It can lead to the development of serious consequences. Accept haloperidol in special cases with the permission of a doctor. 

[8], [9], [10], [11], [12]

Release form

The form of the drug is presented in the form of tablets. They are covered with a special coating, which facilitates the swallowing process. One package contains 50 tablets of 0.0015 mg and 0.005 mg. In this case, everything depends on the disease and the effect that needs to be achieved. Based on these data, a certain packaging is chosen. Tablet with a high content of active substances allows you to achieve positive dynamics much faster.

But it is not recommended to choose a drug of a certain dosage independently. You need to know the exact diagnosis and how best to deal with the problem. After all, improper intake of medication can lead to a situation that worsens.

 In another form, the agent is not produced. Thus, taking it is much more convenient, especially for people with mental disorders. In most cases, they do not want to use what they are given. The tablet is much easier to give than to force the suspension to drink and, especially, to make an injection. Therefore, haloperidol has such a form of packaging.

[13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19]

Pharmacodynamics

The drug is able to block postsynaptic dopaminergic receptors, and this is its pharmacodynamics. These receptors are located in the mesolimbic system, the hypothalamus and in the trigger zone of the emetic reflex. They are able to inhibit central alpha-adrenergic receptors.

Due to its active substances, the drug inhibits the release of mediators. This significantly reduces the permeability of presynaptic membranes. Possible violation of reverse neuronal seizure and deposition.

Steady personality changes, hallucinations, mania and arising delirium are eliminated. Gradually, a person begins to show interest in everything that surrounds him and gradually return to life. Medication properly influences vegetative functions. It can reduce the tone of the genital organs, the secretion of the gastrointestinal tract and eliminate the spasms of the vessels. All this occurs in diseases that are accompanied by increased excitement and fear of death.

If you take the product for a long time it can lead to a change in the endocrine status. In the anterior part of the pituitary gland, an increase in prolactin production and a decrease in gonadotropic hormones are possible. All these functions are performed by haloperidol. 

[20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27]

Pharmacokinetics

The pharmacokinetics of haloperidol are positive. Practically 60% of the drug during intake is absorbed. With blood plasma proteins, binding occurs at 92%. The maximum concentration of the drug is observed in 3-6 hours after administration. If the injection was intramuscular, it happens in 10-20 minutes. When using a prolonged form of the drug, this effect is achieved only on 3-9 days.

The medication is intensively distributed into tissues. It perfectly passes through the histohematological barriers, including the GEB. The process of metabolism occurs in the baking. The agent is exposed to the effect of the first passage through the liver.

A special relationship between plasma concentration and effects was not established. Drug is withdrawn through the kidneys along with the bile. There is no harm to the body, excess is not postponed anywhere. But, nevertheless, you need to take the medicine correctly. After all, haloperidol is a special tool designed to solve serious problems. 

[28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37]

Dosing and administration

Dosing and Administration Haloperidol is selected individually. So, take the drug inwards within half an hour before meals. To reduce the irritating effect on the gastric mucosa, it is recommended that you use the product with milk.

The daily dose at the initial stage is 0.5-5 mg. Divide it is recommended for 2-3 reception. After that, the dose gradually increases by 0.5-2 mg. Carry out this process until the necessary therapeutic effect is achieved.

 The maximum daily dose should not exceed 100 mg. On average, a person needs 10-15 mg of the drug per day, if it is a chronic form of schizophrenia, then 20-40 mg. In resistant cases, it reaches 50-60 mg per day. The duration of treatment is usually 2-3 months. If necessary, this period increases or decreases.

Children aged 3-12 years should be consumed at 0,024-05, mg per kilogram per day. Increase the dose usually for 5-7 days to 0.15 mg per kilogram. Patients in advanced age should take a reduced dosage, which can be increased by 2-3 days after the start of use.

As an antiemetic, you need to use 1.5 mg per day. To determine the more accurate dosage you need to consult a doctor, he will decide how much haloperidol you need to take. 

[47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52]

Use of the haloperidol during pregnancy

The use of haloperidol during pregnancy is contraindicated. For that matter, people with serious mental illnesses are not recommended to have a child. After all, the syndrome can go to the baby.

The first trimester of pregnancy is especially dangerous. During this period, it is not recommended to take any funds. Including those that are aimed at stabilizing the mental state. In the early months of pregnancy, the baby's nervous system begins to form, and taking the medicine can affect the process negatively.

The period of breastfeeding excludes the use of this medication. Because its active substances are able to penetrate the baby's body through milk. To admit this phenomenon is by no means impossible.

 During pregnancy, any actions with medicines must be coordinated with the attending physician. Independent reception can lead to the development of serious violations, which is unacceptable. Therefore, take haloperidol with caution. 

Contraindications

Contraindications to the use of haloperidol are the presence in a person of problems with hypersensitivity to certain components of the drug. Particularly dangerous are people suffering from severe toxic CNS depression. Contraindications include a coma.

Diseases of the central nervous system, which are accompanied by pyramidal and extrapyramidal symptoms. Including the presence of Parkinson's disease. During the medication, the seizure threshold in epileptics may decrease. Possible development of severe depressive disorders. Symptoms can greatly increase.

Cardiovascular disease is also under strict prohibition. In this case, it is impossible to take Galoperadol. Especially if this phenomenon is accompanied by decompensation, pregnancy, breast-feeding and age of up to 3 years.

When taking any medication, you need to be extra careful. Especially if a person does not have one problem or disease. In fact, if used incorrectly, haloperidol can worsen the situation. 

Side effects of the haloperidol

Side effects of haloperidol may manifest themselves on the part of many systems and organs. In the first place, the nervous system suffers. It manifests itself in the form of development of akathisia, a dystonic extrapyramidal disorder, which is a spasm of the muscles of the face, neck and back.

There may be weakness in the arms and legs. Difficulty in talking and swallowing. A masklike face develops, the gait becomes shuffling, a tremor of brushes and fingers appears. Against the background of all this, anxiety, intense excitement, euphoria and even depression can not be ruled out.

The cardiovascular system is able to react negatively to taking the medicine. In this case, manifests itself as tachycardia, arrhythmia, changes in the ECG. There were reports that a person had a sudden death, heart rhythm was broken, anemia, leukopenia and leukocytosis were observed.

The respiratory system can cause bronchospasm and laryngospasm. On the part of the gastrointestinal tract may appear anorexia, nausea, vomiting, violations of the liver and jaundice.

Taking the drug also affects the genitourinary system. There is engorgement of mammary glands, gynecomastia, violation of the menstrual cycle, impotence, urinary retention and increased libido.

 It is not excluded manifestations of the skin. It can be alopecia, maculopapular and acne-like skin changes. In some cases, haloperidol can cause hyperglycemia, loss of consciousness, muscle rigidity, and other phenomena. 

[38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46]

Overdose

Overdose Haloperidol can express itself in certain symptoms. So, all this manifests itself in the form of a pronounced extrapyramidal disorder. Perhaps the emergence of arterial hypotension, drowsiness and inhibition. In some cases, coma, shock and respiratory depression manifest themselves.

All this requires taking immediate measures to eliminate the resulting condition. As such, there is no specific antidote. Therefore, it is necessary to resort to gastric lavage. Then the reception of activated carbon is assigned. But only if the overdose was caused by ingestion.

When manifesting an oppressed breathing or a pronounced decrease in blood pressure, it is necessary to introduce plasma-replacing fluids. To reduce the severity of extrapyramidal disorders, holic blockers and anti-Parkinsonics are taken. All this requires a doctor's consultation. Independently, you can do only washing the stomach. Haloperidol is a specific agent that requires a specific elimination from the body. 

[53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62], [63]

Interactions with other drugs

Interactions with other drugs are possible, but not in all cases. So, the medicine can strengthen the action of antihypertensive drugs. A similar situation applies to antidepressants, alcohol and analgesics.

The drug is able to inhibit the metabolism of tricyclic antidepressants. The level of their content in plasma increases significantly. In addition, toxicity also increases. If you take the drug with carbamapine, the level of haloperidol in the blood drops significantly. In this case, it will be expedient to increase the dose.

In combination with lithium, medication can cause a syndrome that is similar to encephalopathy. Therefore, take the drug with extreme caution. Naturally, the decision to take medication is inappropriate. After all, the wrong combination of certain drugs can lead to the formation of serious problems. In many cases, the existing condition worsens. Therefore, taking haloperidol along with other drugs should be carefully. 

[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [69]

Storage conditions

     What are the storage conditions for haloperidol? First of all, you need to protect yourself and others. This is why the product should be stored out of the reach of children. Do not take this tool in any case. This can aggravate the situation or lead to the development of serious problems.

A certain light regime must be observed. Direct sunlight should not penetrate to the medicine. Such an effect can lead to the fact that the drug deteriorates. Of particular importance is the temperature regime. It must be observed. It is desirable that the temperature does not exceed 25 degrees. Freezing means in any case impossible.

Humidity should also not come to the preparation. Naturally, you need to follow the appearance of tablets. If stored incorrectly, they are able to lose their appearance and deteriorate. Only the correct observance of all conditions will allow using the drug for a long time. Therefore, you need to store haloperidol in a special way.

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Shelf life

The shelf life is 3 years, but this is provided it is used correctly. Keep the drug you need in a special way, so that it does not lose its useful properties. It is important to observe the correct temperature conditions. It should not exceed 25 degrees.

Dampness should be eliminated completely, it creates unfavorable conditions for the storage of the drug. A similar requirement is also set for light. Direct sunlight should not disturb the remedy.

Blister, which contains the tablets should be protected from mechanical stress. This will preserve the positive properties of the drug and take it for a long time.

It is necessary to fence the children from the drug. After all, they can spoil the packaging or take the remedy. In any case, this will lead to the development of negative consequences. Observance of special rules will allow applying the remedy for a long time. After opening, you can use haloperidol for 3 years.

 

[75], [76], [77], [78], [79], [80]