Gelatin solution 10%

Medical gelatin (Gelatina medicinalis) is a partially hydrolyzed collagen (connective tissue protein) obtained during the processing (denaturation) of animal bones and cartilage.

A 10% gelatin solution is a blood plasma substitute (plasma substitute), which is widely used in modern clinical practice to increase blood clotting in cases of critical disorders of the hemostasis system - in gastric, intestinal and pulmonary bleeding, a tendency to skin bleeding and bleeding of the mucous membranes (hemorrhagic syndrome), as well as in radiation sickness.

Indications gelatin solution 10%

A 10% gelatin solution is used to prevent a decrease in the volume of circulating blood (hypovolemia) and to restore it in a state of traumatic, burn, hemorrhagic and toxic shock. The spectrum of diseases in which a gelatin solution is used includes hemorrhagic diathesis, hemophilia and other diseases associated with blood clotting disorders.

Indications for the use of 10% Gelatin solution are pathological conditions accompanied by thickening of the blood - to reduce the number of red blood cells in the plasma (hemodilution).

The drug is used in artificial (extracorporeal) circulation systems, and in spinal or epidural anesthesia - to prevent a decrease in blood pressure.

In addition, in infusion therapy for diabetes mellitus, a 10% gelatin solution is used as a solvent to reduce insulin loss during its intravenous administration.

Release form

The drug is available as a 10% sterile solution in 10 ml ampoules.

Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacodynamics of 10% Gelatin solution is related to the fact that the introduction of this hemostatic agent leads to an increase in the volume of blood circulating in the circulatory system (the duration of the volume-replacing effect is 5 hours). As a result, the volumetric flow rate of venous blood to the heart (venous return) and the minute volume of blood circulation (MOC) increase, arterial pressure increases and tissue blood exchange (perfusion) improves. In addition, the blood becomes less viscous and circulates faster in the capillaries. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) increases, but subsequently returns to normal.

A 10% gelatin solution helps fluid from the intercellular space return to the vascular system, thereby reducing the risk of interstitial edema. A 10% gelatin solution maintains renal function in patients in shock, as it causes the release of large amounts of urine (osmotic diuresis).

Pharmacokinetics

Due to the high content of low-molecular fractions, 10% Gelatin solution leaves the blood fairly quickly: two hours after administration, its remainder is no more than 20%. The half-life of the solution is 9 hours. Excretion (removal) of most of the plasma substitute is carried out by the kidneys, up to 15% of the administered substance is excreted by the intestines. The solution of natural origin does not accumulate in the body: the remaining 10% is broken down in the body by enzymatic decomposition.

Dosing and administration

There is no standardized dosage of the drug for intravenous drip administration: the dose and duration are determined individually in each specific case, taking into account the volume of blood loss, as well as the heart rate, blood pressure, urine volume, and the degree of tissue swelling.

For moderate blood loss and for preoperative prophylaxis, the dose of 10% Gelatin solution is 500 ml to 1 liter over 1-3 hours. And for the treatment of severe hypovolemia (reduction in circulating blood volume) - 1-2 liters over the same time.

In emergency situations with a threat to life, the method of using the drug is rapid infusion (intravenous administration under pressure), the dose is not less than 500 ml. In shock conditions, the daily dose of Gelatin solution 10% can be 10-15 liters.

For pulmonary, gastric, intestinal and other bleeding, and for the treatment of hemorrhagic diathesis, a gelatin solution is taken orally - one tablespoon every 1-2 hours.

For subcutaneous administration, the injection is made into the front of the thigh, the dosage is 10-50 ml. A compress is applied to the injection site. For intravenous administration, the dose is calculated: 0.1-1 ml of 10% solution per 1 kg of body weight. Before administration, the drug must be warmed up to body temperature.

Use gelatin solution 10% during pregnancy

The use of 10% Gelatin solution during pregnancy is considered possible only in cases of threat to the patient's life, when the benefit to the mother significantly outweighs the threat to the fetus.

Contraindications

Contraindications for the use of the drug are: hypervolemia (increased circulating blood volume), severe cases of chronic heart failure and intolerance to gelatin.

Caution in using gelatin solution is necessary in case of water-salt metabolism disorders, in particular, hyperhydration (excessive water content in the body or individual organs), chronic kidney dysfunction, pulmonary edema, as well as a deficiency of potassium and sodium in the body.

Side effects gelatin solution 10%

Side effects of gelatin solution on the heart and the entire vascular system - with a large volume of the drug administered - are expressed in a decrease in blood clotting (hypocoagulation). Allergic reactions are possible in the form of reddening of the skin of the face and chest, nausea, increased temperature and decreased blood pressure. Pain at the injection site is possible.

Overdose

In case of an overdose of the drug, hemodilution may be observed, that is, a decrease in the number of red blood cells in the blood plasma.

Interactions with other drugs

This drug is incompatible with oil emulsions, as well as with barbiturates (hypnotics and anticonvulsants), muscle relaxants and antispasmodics (baclofen, mydocalm, sirdalud, etc.), antibiotics and glucocorticosteroids. Compatible with carbohydrate solutions and whole blood preparations.

Storage conditions

Storage conditions for 10% Gelatin solution - in a cool, dark place.

Shelf life

The expiration date is indicated on the drug packaging.