Gelatin solution 10%

Gelatina medical (Gelatina medicinalis) is a partially hydrolyzed collagen (a protein of connective tissue), obtained during processing (denaturation) of bones and cartilages of animals.

Gelatin 10% solution is a means for replacing the blood plasma (plasma substitute), which is widely used to modern clinical practice to increase blood clotting in cases of critical damage to the hemostasis system - with gastric, intestinal and pulmonary hemorrhages, tendency to skin bleeding and bleeding of mucous membranes (hemorrhagic syndrome), as well as with radiation sickness.

Indications of the gelatin solution of 10%

Gelatin 10% solution is used to prevent a decrease in the volume of circulating blood (hypovolemia) and to restore it in a state of traumatic, burn, hemorrhagic and toxic shock. The range of diseases in which a gelatin solution is used includes hemorrhagic diathesis, hemophilia and other diseases associated with blood clotting disorders.

Indications for the use of gelatine solution of 10% are pathological conditions, which are accompanied by a thickening of the blood - to reduce the number of red blood cells in the plasma (hemodilution).

The drug is used in artificial (extracorporeal) circulation systems, and with spinal or epidural anesthesia - to prevent lowering of blood pressure.

In addition, in infusion therapy of diabetes gelatine, a solution of 10% is used as a solvent - to reduce insulin losses during its intravenous administration.

Release form

Form release - 10% sterile solution in ampoules of 10 ml.

Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacodynamics Gelatin 10% solution is associated with the fact that the introduction of this haemostatic means leads to an increase in the volume of blood circulating in the circulatory system (the duration of the volume-substitution effect is 5 hours). As a result, the volumetric flow rate of venous blood to the heart (venous return) and the minute volume of circulation (IOC) increase, blood pressure rises and tissue blood circulation (perfusion) improves. In addition, the blood becomes less viscous and circulates faster in the capillaries. The rate of erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR) increases, but in the future again comes back to normal.

Gelatin solution of 10% contributes to the fact that the fluid from the intercellular space returns to the vascular system, thereby reducing the risk of interstitial (interstitial) edema. Gelatin solution of 10% ensures the maintenance of kidney function in patients in shock, as it causes the release of a large amount of urine (osmotic diuresis).

Pharmacokinetics

Due to the content of a large number of low molecular weight fractions, Gelatin 10% solution leaves the blood quickly enough: two hours after its administration, the residue is no more than 20%. The half-life of the solution is 9 hours. Excretion (excretion) of most of the plasma substitute is performed by the kidneys, up to 15% of the injected substance is excreted by the intestine. The solution of natural origin in the body does not accumulate: the remaining 10% is split in the body by enzymatic decomposition.

Dosing and administration

There is no standardized dosage for drip intravenous administration: the dose and duration are set individually in each case, taking into account the volume of blood loss, as well as the frequency of cardiac contraction, blood pressure, volume of urine and the degree of swelling of the tissues.

With an average degree of blood loss and for preoperative prophylaxis, the dose of Gelatin 10% is 500 ml to 1 liter for 1-3 hours. And when treating severe hypovolemia (reducing the volume of circulating blood) - 1-2 liters for the same time.

In extreme situations with a threat to life, the method of administration of the drug is a rapid infusion (intravenous injection under pressure), a dose of at least 500 ml. In case of shock, the daily dose of Gelatin 10% may be 10-15 liters.

With pulmonary, gastric, intestinal and other bleeding, in the treatment of hemorrhagic diathesis gelatin solution is taken orally - one tablespoon every 1-2 hours.

With subcutaneous injection, the injection is made in the front surface of the thigh, the dosage is 10-50 ml. A compress is applied to the injection site. When administered intravenously, the dose is calculated: 0.1-1 ml of 10% solution per 1 kg of body weight. Before the introduction of the drug, it is necessarily heated to body temperature.

Use of the gelatin solution of 10% during pregnancy

The use of a gelatin solution of 10% during pregnancy is considered possible only if the patient's life threatens, when the benefit to the mother significantly outweighs the threat to the fetus.

Contraindications

Contraindications for the use of the drug are: hypervolemia (increased volume of circulating blood), severe cases of chronic heart failure and intolerance to gelatin.

Caution in the use of a solution of gelatin is necessary for violations of water-salt metabolism, in particular, with hyperhydration (excessive water content in the body or individual organs), chronic kidney dysfunction, pulmonary edema, and with a lack of potassium and sodium in the body.

Side effects of the gelatin solution of 10%

The side effects of gelatin solution on the work of the heart and the entire vascular system - with a large volume of the injected drug - is expressed in a decrease in blood clotting (hypocoagulation). Possible allergic reactions in the form of redness of the skin of the face and chest, nausea, fever and lower blood pressure. There may be pain at the injection site.

Overdose

In case of an overdose of the drug, hemodilution may be observed, that is, a decrease in the number of red blood cells in the blood plasma.

Interactions with other drugs

This drug is incompatible with oily emulsions, as well as with barbiturates (hypnotics and anticonvulsants), muscle relaxants and antispastic drugs (baclofen, midocalm, sirdalud, etc.), antibiotics and glucocorticosteroid preparations. Compatible with carbohydrate solutions and whole blood preparations.

Storage conditions

Storage conditions Gelatine solution 10% - in a cool, dark place.

Shelf life

Shelf life is indicated on the product package.