Injuries and poisonings

Anterior dislocation of the mandible: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Dislocations of the lower jaw account for 1.5 to 5.7% of all dislocations; they occur more often in women aged 20 to 40 years, since the ligamentous apparatus of their joints is not strong enough, and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone has a shallow depth.

Fractures of the zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

According to the literature, patients with fractures of the zygomatic bone and arch make up 6.5 to 19.4% of the total number of patients with facial bone injuries. They make up only 8.5%, since clinics receive not only patients for emergency care, but also a significant number of planned patients who need complex reconstructive surgeries after injury to other facial bones.

Non-gunshot injuries of the maxillofacial region in elderly and elderly persons

Emergency care for elderly and senile patients should be provided by highly qualified maxillofacial surgeons who are able to quickly understand the general condition of the victim.

Upper jaw fractures in children

In children, fractures of the upper jaw along the Le Fort II and Le Fort III lines are more common, usually combined with traumatic brain injury (damage to the base of the skull, less often - concussion), damage to the nasal and zygomatic bones, and lower jaw.

Fractures of the lower jaw in children: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

A fracture of the lower jaw is most often observed in boys aged 7 to 14 years, i.e. during a period of particular mobility and activity, when the roots of baby teeth are resorbed and the roots of permanent teeth are formed.

Fracture of the alveolar process in children: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Unlike the symptoms of alveolar process fractures in adults, alveolar process fractures in children are accompanied by more significant ruptures, detachment of the mucous membrane and swelling of the adjacent soft tissues.

Fracture of the lower jaw: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

In peacetime, the incidence of facial injuries is 0.3 cases per 1000 people, and the proportion of maxillofacial trauma among all injuries with bone damage in the urban population ranges from 3.2 to 8%. At the same time, facial bone fractures are observed in 88.2%, soft tissue injuries - in 9.9%, and facial burns - in 1.9% of cases.

Upper jaw fracture

A fracture of the maxilla usually follows one of the three typical lines of least resistance described by Le Fort: upper, middle and lower. They are commonly called Le Fort's lines (Le Fort, 1901).

Injuries to jaws and teeth in children: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

In peacetime, injuries to the maxillofacial region in children account for 6-13% of all injuries. In the period from 1984 to 1988, children with injuries accounted for 4.1%.

Tooth fracture: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

The most common type of traumatic dental injury is a tooth fracture at various levels. A distinction is made between: a tooth fracture at the level of the mantle dentin (without pulp exposure), at the level of the peripulpal dentin (the pulp is visible) and a crown fracture with pulp damage.

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