List Anatomy – S
The stomach (gaster, ventriculus) is an enlarged portion of the digestive tract, located between the esophagus and duodenum. In the stomach, food is delayed 4-6 hours. At this time, it is mixed and digested by the action of gastric juice containing pepsin, lipase, hydrochloric acid, mucus. In the stomach is also the absorption of sugar, alcohol, water, salts.
The sternum is a flat bone, to which ribs are attached to the right and left. The sternum has a handle, a body and a xiphoid process. The sternum arm (manubrium sterni) is the widest and thickest upper part of this bone.
The square muscle of the femur (m. Quadratus femoris) is flat, quadrangular in shape, located between the lower twin muscle at the top and the upper edge of the large muscle that leads down.
The square muscle of the waist (m. Quadratus lumborum) is located at the side of the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae. It begins on the iliac crest, ilio-lumbar ligament and on the transverse processes of the lower lumbar vertebrae.
The spleen (lien, s.splen) performs the functions of immune control of blood. It is located on the path of blood flow from the main vessel of the great circle of blood circulation - the aorta into the portal vein system, branching in the liver.
Spinal nerves (n. Spinales) are paired, located metamerically nerve trunks. In a person 31-33 pairs of spinal nerves: 8 pairs of cervical, 12 pairs of pectoral, 5 pairs of lumbar, 5 pairs of sacral and 1-3 pairs of coccygeal, corresponding to 31-33 segments of the spinal cord.
The spinal cord (medulla spinalis) in appearance is a long, cylindrical shape, flattened from front to back of the sternum. In this regard, the transverse diameter of the spinal cord is greater than the anteroposterior diameter.
The occipital bone (os occipitale) is located in the posterior part of the brain area of the skull. In this bone, the basilar part, the two lateral parts and the occipital scales, which surround the large (occipital) foramen (foramen magnum), are distinguished.
Male germ cells - spermatozoa - are mobile cells of about 70 μm in length. The spermatozoon has a nucleus, a cytoplasm with organelles, and a cell membrane.
Specific immunological reactions are performed by the body's immune system, consisting of central and peripheral immunogenesis organs. Specific immunity when exposed to a specific antigen is carried out by T- and B-lymphocytes. The intrauterine period demonstrates the intensive dynamics of maturation of the lymphoid system.
In the life of terrestrial animals, the sense of smell plays an important role in communicating with the external environment. It serves for the recognition of odors, the determination of gaseous smelling substances contained in the air.
There are mucous, serous and mixed small salivary glands that lie singly and in groups in the submucosa, in the thickness of the mucous membrane and between the muscle fibers in the oral cavity of the oropharynx, the upper respiratory tract.
The cavity of the small pelvis is lined with the peritoneum, which covers all the internal genital organs except the ovaries. The uterus is located in the center of the pelvis, anterior to it is the bladder, back - the rectum.
The small pectoral muscle (m. Pectoralis minor) is flat, triangular in shape, located directly behind the large pectoral muscle. The muscle begins on the II-V ribs, near their anterior ends. Heading upwards and laterally, it is attached by a short tendon to the coracoid process of the scapula.
The small lumbar muscle (m.psoas minor) is unstable, absent in 40% of cases. It begins on the intervertebral disc and adjacent to it the edges of the XII thoracic and I lumbar vertebrae.
The small intestine (intestinum tenue) is the part of the digestive tract located between the stomach and the large intestine. The small intestine together with the thick intestine forms the longest part of the digestive system.
The small round muscle (m.terpes minor) begins on the lateral margin of the scapula and the subacute fascia; is attached to the lower area of the large tubercle of the humerus.
Small and large rhomboid muscles (mm. Rhomboidei minor et major) often coalesce and form one muscle. A small rhomboid muscle begins on the lower part of the nuchal ligament, the spinous processes of the VII cervical and 1st thoracic vertebrae and on the bony bundle.
The palate is subdivided into hard and soft. The bone base of the solid palate (palatum durum) consists of the palatine processes of the maxillary bones connected to each other, to which horizontal plates of the palatine bones are attached behind.
The skull (cranium) is the skeleton of the head. This is the most complex part of the skeleton, which serves as a receptacle for the brain, organs of sight, hearing and balance, olfaction and taste, a support for the initial parts of the digestive and respiratory systems. Human skull form 23 bones (8 paired and 7 unpaired).