5-NOC

5-NOC is an antimicrobial drug that refers to a broad spectrum of action from the group of oxyquinolines. It usually has a bacteriostatic effect against more microorganisms, which usually cause inflammation of the urinary tract. The latter include the E. Coli, mycoplasma, ureaplasma, candida, staphylococcus, dermatophytes. 

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Indications 5-NOC

This drug is prescribed to all, without exception, both to men and women. Indications for the use of 5-NOC can be quite different. The following diseases and conditions are the reason for its use: treatment of cystitis, prostatitis. Suitable for the treatment of urethritis, epidemitis, pyelonephritis, which are usually caused by microorganisms and sensitive to nitroxoline.

With its help, it is possible to prevent infections after various surgical procedures and operations. In addition, this drug is used in the prevention of relapse, namely, in the chronic form of the disease, as well as some infectious diseases of the genitourinary system. The drug is actively used to prevent the development of all kinds of infections after instrumental studies have been carried out, which include cystoscopy and catheterization.

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Release form

The number of grams in tablets is 50 mg, which are covered with a smooth shell. The form of release is unusual. It can be most often orange. Tablets are usually round, biconvex and shiny. They are stored in plastic or polyvinyl bottles in a carton, the number of which is 50 pcs.

Pills are released in various dosage forms of the drug. But it has many analogues. You need to be cautious when using it. The agent has a number of side effects and peculiarities when interacting with other substances. Doses of the drug are different, both for adults and for children. It is worth remembering that treatment with 5-NOC is prescribed by a qualified doctor. The duration of therapy may vary depending on the particular disease.

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Pharmacodynamics

5-NOC is a medical product that has a fairly wide scope. The pharmacodynamics of 5-NOC can be attributed to the fact that this drug differentially reduces the synthesis of bacterial DNA. It helps possible possible complexes with metal-containing enzymes of the microbial cell. May be active against gram-positive bacteria. By its nature it is highly effective, especially in relation to other types of fungi. He is the enemy of all kinds of candida, dermatophytes, mold fungi, some pathogens mycoses.

[5], [6], [7], [8]

Pharmacokinetics

The antimicrobial is absorbed into the interior. The nitroxoline contained in it is remarkably produced from the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum concentration in the plasma can achieve the desired effect after 1.5-2 hours after the tablet is taken internally. This is the pharmacokinetics of 5-NOC.

When using this drug, there is an increased concentration of conjugated and unconjugated drug in the urine. Metabolised in the liver. Exceptionally, the kidneys are released in the same form and partly with bile.

[9], [10], [11], [12]

Dosing and administration

The drug 5-NOC doctor recommends taking at the time of eating, as well as after the person ate. The tablets are swallowed whole. There is no need to chew them and then drink down with the necessary amount of liquid.

The period of passing the treatment course and the dose of the medicine can be prescribed only by the attending physician, who individually for each patient will establish the necessary and useful for his health treatment.

Adults, as a rule, should drink in the amount of 100-200 mg, several times a day, and to be precise, then 4. The course of treatment and its duration, if a person constantly takes it, should not exceed 1 month. The drug can be taken as whole courses. But in this case they are taken inside within 14 days. After this, it is important to take a break, in the amount of 2 weeks, after which the reception resumes. The treatment of this drug according to the established scheme can last about several months.

The dose for children and adolescents (from 1 year to 14 years) is often 50-100 mg. They need to be used in this amount 4 times during 24 hours. If the drug is used continuously, the duration of treatment can be 1 month. If the doctor prescribes courses, then this may take several months.

The daily dose in children whose age exceeds 2 months to 1 year is equal to 25 mg / kg of body weight per day. After that, the calculated dose is important to divide into 4 divided doses. The long-term course should not be delayed. From 10 to 3 weeks it is useful. In case of severe infections, the duration of treatment can be extended to 1 month.

For the prevention of infectious diseases after surgery and diagnostic manipulation, adults are usually prescribed 100 mg of the drug 4 times a day for a duration of not more than 2-3 weeks.

If patients have impaired renal function, the most often prescribed 50% of the dose, which is recommended for patients with normal renal function. Patients who have renal insufficiency or an average degree are prescribed half of the usual daily dose of the drug.

[19], [20], [21]

Use 5-NOC during pregnancy

Pregnancy is a time dangerous for taking any medications. And if, moreover, the instructions do not contain data on the use of the drug during pregnancy, then it is better to refuse it. Especially the drug is contraindicated for use during lactation, as well as during pregnancy. When the importance of his appointment as a doctor during lactation is recommended to temporarily stop breastfeeding. But it can only be in extreme cases. In other circumstances, during pregnancy it is not worth taking to future mothers. Otherwise, it can affect only the nursing mother, but also the future baby. So use 5-NOC during pregnancy is not recommended.

Contraindications

To contraindications to the use of 5-NOC doctors include increased individual sensitivity to certain components of the drug and derivatives of 8-hydroxyquinolines. Do not take with:

• cataract;
• during pregnancy and lactation;
• 5-NOC can not be administered to patients who have a history of liver or kidney dysfunction.
• children who are not yet three years old, should prescribe the drug only in the most extreme cases, if no other medications have acted.

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Side effects 5-NOC

If patients use this drug for a period of time, they may develop side effects of 5-NOC. These include:

ZHG and liver can cause a person to have nausea, vomiting, anorexia. The general condition may cease to be normal due to some violations of the liver function.

In the field of the cardiovascular system, tachycardia can be caused. From the nervous system, a person may have a headache, dizziness may start. Coordination of movement can be disrupted, polyneuropathy and paresthesia suddenly start. If the drug is used for more than one month, it can cause the development of optic neuritis. Allergies can also become side effects of 5-NOC, as a result, they can cause skin rash, itching, hives. Other unpleasant consequences include urine, which can turn into a bright yellow color. Also thrombocytopenia and an increase in the content of uric acid in the blood.

All the side effects that occur with the use of the preparation of 5-NOC, fairly briefly, usually occur with the withdrawal of the drug.

[14], [15], [16], [17], [18]

Overdose

Having studied all the data on the preparation of 5-NOC, no data on an overdose of this drug have been reported so far. This is a good sign of the quality and useful properties of this medication. Let's hope that in the future this drug will not hurt anyone.

But remember! Before you start using it, you should definitely consult with your doctor. Since the instructions for the 5-NOC preparation are not sufficient, it can only be used for educational purposes. And only after the doctor appoints him to you and gives you full information about this product, only after that you can begin the course of treatment.

[22], [23],

Interactions with other drugs

If you simultaneously take this drug with other oxyquinoline derivatives, the risk of developing all kinds of toxic reactions becomes much higher. Therefore, it is not recommended to prescribe together with other drugs. Nitroxoline should not be used concurrently with other drugs, especially those containing hydroxyquinolines or their derivatives. If the drug is prescribed for patients who have renal dysfunction due to the cumulation of nitroxoline, then medical control is absolutely necessary. The interaction of 5-NOC with other drugs can be dangerous. There is no need to prescribe treatment courses for more than a month, without having an additional diagnosis of liver and kidney function.

Undoubtedly useful information that patients do not always notice when taking medications is that if you are prescribed two or more drugs, they can either weaken or strengthen each other's effectiveness. In the first case, you can not get the desired result from the medicine, and in the second - you can poison your body.

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Storage conditions

The drug should be stored in a dry place, where water can not flow. It is desirable that direct sunlight does not fall on the drug. It's good when the storage temperature does not exceed 25- 0С. It is also desirable to hide it in an inaccessible place from children. Storage conditions 5 - NOC should be observed to the exact extent to extend the shelf life.

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Special instructions

5-NOC is a drug of the group of oxyquinolines, which has antibacterial, antiprotozoal and antifungal effects. The preparation consists of an active substance, nitroxoline, which is a synthetic compound derived from 8-hydroxyquinoline. The drug selectively promotes inhibition of DNA synthesis in microorganism cells, which may interfere with their normal reproduction. Nitroxoline also allows the formation of the necessary compounds with nucleic acids and with metals, enzymes of the cell membrane of microorganisms. 5-NOC promotes a decrease in the synthesis of respiratory enzymes and membrane proteins. It is able to disrupt redox processes in bacterial cells. Nitroxoline is famous for its bactericidal and bacteriostatic action of a large number of microorganisms.

The properties of 5-NOC are able to prevent the formation of DNA in the cell of the pathogen. In addition, the drug includes complexes that contain enzymes of the microbial cells, which include metal ions.

Each tablet contains 50 mg of nitroxoline and other excipients.

Nitroxoline, which is found in the preparation, is an active element against such bacteria as: staphylococcus, streptococcus, corynebacterium, klebsiella, protea, shigella, salmonella, neiseria, mycoplasma, ureaplasma, some other species of fungi and other microorganisms.

The drug is completely absorbed into the digestive tract and after a couple of hours it reaches its maximum concentration in the blood. Displays 5-NOC from the body as a result of the kidneys and is partially excreted by the liver with bile.

It is worth mentioning once again about the benefits that a person receives when using the 5-NOC. Among many diseases of infectious origin, far from the most extreme place are infections of the urinary tract. These include pyelonephritis, urethritis, and cystitis. Especially women suffer from these diseases, which most often arises as a result of their anatomical and physiological characteristics of the urinary tract. Among men, the most common infections of the urinary tract, which include: epididymitis, prostatitis, urethritis. Anomalies of development can also lead to a violation of the outflow of urine and an increase in inflammation.

To date, pharmacies are famous for numerous drugs that are designed to treat this group of diseases. To many of these aids can include antibiotics with many undesirable side effects, which usually lead to a disturbance of normal microflora. The drug 5-NOC - uroseptic, which suppresses the synthesis of DNA from a microbial cell and does not lead to dysbiosis.

5-NOC is used absolutely for any inflammation, which is usually caused not only by bacterial microflora, but also by simple intracellular organisms and fungi. Also, the drug is useful for conducting preventive maintenance before or after medical manipulations, which include cystoscopy, urethroscopy, TUR, and also at the beginning and after the termination of operations on the organs of the urinary system. Apply 5-NOC can, starting with childhood, or rather with three years. Contraindications for use include severe impairment of kidney and liver function. During pregnancy and during breastfeeding, it is also best to abstain from using it. Dosage form in the form of tablets of 50 mg. Has an undoubted advantage unlike injections of antibiotics and uroseptics and makes it possible to take 5-NOC in any situation.

Allergic and other reactions to 5-NOC are not so numerous, and if they do happen, it is rather rare. Avoid them if you take the drug during a meal. Another advantage of the drug: it can be used for a long period of time, which is especially important for repeated infections of the kidneys and bladder. Therefore, the drug 5-NOC - one of the most popular drugs for curing all kinds of adverse urinary tract infections.

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Shelf life

The drug is issued exclusively on prescription and the shelf life of 5-NOC is 5 years.

Always remember that overdue drugs must be strictly discarded, and not continue to use them further. Otherwise, they will not help, and can even do great harm.

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