Zatrine

Zatrine - antibacterial agent for systemic use, belongs to the group of antibiotics-macrolides. ATS code is J01F A10. Manufacturer - FDC Limited (India). Other trade names: Azithromycin, Azitrox, Sumamed, Sumamecin, Sumamox, Zitrolide, Zitrocin, Hemomycin.

Indications of the zatrine

Zatrine is used in otolaryngology for the treatment of pharyngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, otitis, pneumonia caused by bacterial infections; in dermatology - for the treatment of erysipelas, impetigo, pyoderma (including staphylococcus sycosis), ecthyma, bacterial balanitis; in urology - for the therapy of urethritis, chlamydial cervicitis and colpitis.

Release form

Zatrin is available in the form of 500 mg tablets.

Pharmacodynamics

The mechanism of bactericidal action of the drug Zatrin provides its active substance - antibiotic azithromycin. It penetrates the prokaryotic lysosomes and neutralizes the enzymes of the large subunit of the cell ribosome (50S), which catalyze the transpeptiation reaction. As a result, the assembly of polypeptide chains of proteins in bacterial cells ceases, binding to the matrix RNA becomes impossible, and thus the process of bacterial multiplication stops.

Zatrine is active against gram-positive aerobes (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes), gram-negative aerobes (Haemophilus, Legionella pneumophila, Moraxella catarrhalis) and anaerobic bacteria (Clostridium perfringens, Fusobacterium, Prevotella).

[1], [2]

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration, Zatrin is rapidly adsorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and enters the bloodstream. But with the plasma proteins, the drug binds slightly, falling mainly in the tissue. The highest serum concentration of the drug is observed on average 2.5 hours after admission; the bioavailability of the active substance is about 37%.

More than 85% of the drug undergoes biotransformation in the liver (by demethylation and hydroxylation) with the formation of inactive metabolites. The rest is excreted by the kidneys unchanged. Excretion is produced by the intestine and kidneys.

The removal of the active substance from the plasma lasts up to 20 hours, from the tissues - up to 24-72 hours, so Zatrin is taken once every 24 hours.

[3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]

Dosing and administration

It is taken orally 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals 500 mg on the first day, then 250 mg from 2 to 5 days 1 time per day.

[10], [11], [12]

Use of the zatrine during pregnancy

Use during pregnancy is not recommended.

Contraindications

Contraindications to the use of Zatrin are individual hypersensitivity to antibiotics of this group, as well as expressed violations of the liver and kidneys.

[9]

Side effects of the zatrine

Application Zatrine can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, flatulence, abdominal cramps, dizziness and fatigue, allergic reactions (skin rashes and itching), reversible vision impairment, distortion or loss of taste and smell. Among the rarer possible side effects of this drug are oral and vaginal candidiasis, eosinophilia, leukopenia, psychomotor hyperactivity, palpitations and chest pain, decreased liver and kidney function, and joint pain.

As with other antibacterial drugs, there is a possibility of superinfection (mycosis), as well as changes in normal flora of the colon with an increase in the growth of strains of Clostridium difficil.

Overdose

Overdose Zatrina expressed in the form of severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric pain and temporary hearing loss. In case of an overdose, it is recommended to wash the stomach and use activated carbon.

[13], [14]

Interactions with other drugs

Bioavailability Zatrin decreases with simultaneous administration of antacids (preparations for the treatment of heartburn in acid-dependent gastrointestinal diseases).

With caution combine Zatrine with other antibiotic-macrolides, in particular, derivatives of cyclosporine. Levomycetin (chloramphenicol) and tetracyclines increase Zatrine's effectiveness, and lincomycin and clindamycin weaken.

The use of indirect anticoagulants (warfarin), as well as coumarin oral anticoagulants may increase the risk of bleeding when using Zatrine. Simultaneous use of Zatrine and heparin is incompatible.

[15], [16], [17]

Storage conditions

Store at a temperature of less than + 25 ° C.

[18],

Shelf life

 36 months.