Halopril

Halopril belongs to the derivatives of butyrophenone and is a synthetic preparation. This is an antipsychotic drug, which is mainly prescribed for the treatment of a pronounced impairment of mental activity. Violations, in which the psychic reaction is very different from the real situation, the perception of reality and adequacy. Halopril is also prescribed for schizophrenia, manic conditions, with different forms of psychosis, severe depression, psychomotor agitation. 

Indications of the halopril

Halopril is intended for people who are in the manic phase of psychosis, people with oligophrenia, psychopathy, acute and chronic schizophrenia, agiotage depression, and alcoholism. The drug can also be used for paranoid conditions, delirium, acute psychosis, hallucinations, behavioral disorders in the elderly and childhood, stuttering. It is used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy. Preoperative surgery is preceded by Galopril.

Release form

The form of release is of three kinds. These tablets are white, sometimes with a yellowish tinge, flat-cylindrical shape with a facet and a risk. Also, Halopril is released as a solution for injections in ampoules, or as a solution for oral administration in 10 ml vials.

Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacodynamics is the stimulation of the brain processes. It has a tranquilizing and pronounced antiemetic effect, has a pronounced antipsychotic effect. The use of Halopril eliminates hallucinations, mania, persistent personality changes, delusions, increases interest in the environment. Also, the drug has antipyretic, analgesic and anticonvulsant effect. Another action that is provided by Halopril is the change in the concentration of dopamine.

Pharmacokinetics

When ingesting Halopril is absorbed from the digestive tract by 60%, absorbed mainly in the small intestine. The maximum concentration in blood plasma is achieved with oral administration in 3-6 hours, and with intramuscular injection after 10-20 minutes. Halopril binds to proteins by 92% and is actively metabolized in the liver. The drug is excreted by the kidneys and with bile through the intestine, also excreted in breast milk.

Dosing and administration

The drug is used only orally and intramuscularly. Intramuscular dose for adults - 5-10 mg (maximum daily dose - 30-40 mg). Tablets and oral solution for adults are prescribed at an average daily dose of 2.25 to 18 mg half an hour before meals, increasing it until a sustained therapeutic effect is achieved. For elderly patients - 0.5-2 mg 2-3 times a day. Children dose calculated based on body weight, but not more - 25-75 mcg per day in 2-3 oral administration.

Dosage and mode of reception Halopril the doctor appoints individually, proceeding from a status of the patient. In one injection, it is undesirable to administer more than 3 ml of the drug, since the patient may have unpleasant sensations.

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Use of the halopril during pregnancy

Halopril is contraindicated in pregnant women and during breastfeeding. Since it is excreted in breast milk in sufficient concentration, it is established that the drug can cause sedation and impairment of motor functions in the infant.

Contraindications

Contraindications for use are individual intolerance or hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, central nervous system diseases, depression, hysteria. The drug can not be used if the patient is in a coma of a different genesis. As already mentioned, during pregnancy and during lactation. Halopril is contraindicated in Parkinson's syndrome. If the patient has severe impairment of kidney and liver function, there are diseases of the cardiovascular system, or allergic reactions to antipsychotics in the anamnesis, Halopril can also not be used.

Side effects of the halopril

Halopril has a fairly large number of side effects. When used in high doses, the cardiovascular system can respond with arterial hypotension, tachycardia, arrhythmia, and the digestive system by reducing appetite, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, constipation, or diarrhea, impaired liver function until the development of jaundice.

 There may be a headache, dizziness, insomnia or, conversely, drowsiness. The patient may experience anxiety, anxiety, psychomotor agitation, fear, euphoria, depression. On the part of the respiratory system, this may be a violation of the rhythm of breathing, shortness of breath, pneumonia. And on the part of the genitourinary system, urine retention, menstrual cycle disorders, decreased potency, increased libido.

Less common are side effects from the hematopoiesis system, the organs of vision and allergic reactions in the form of skin rashes.

As with any injection, local tissue reactions may occur at the site of the injection. Weight gain, heat stroke.

Overdose

In case of an overdose of Halopril, drowsiness, inhibition may occur. Patients in a coma need to maintain the functions of the respiratory system, and if necessary, connect to an artificial respiration apparatus. If arisen arterial hypotension or circulatory insufficiency arises, you must intravenously inject a sufficient amount of fluid, plasma or blood. Symptomatic therapy with an overdose is gastric lavage or vomiting.

Interactions with other drugs

With simultaneous application of Halopril with drugs that exert a depressing effect on the central nervous system, respiratory depression and pressure decrease are possible. In a complex with anticonvulsants, a change in the type or frequency of epileptiform seizures is possible. If propranolol is used simultaneously, severe arterial hypotension is possible, as well as a decrease in concentration.

Simultaneous use with indomethacin leads to drowsiness and confusion. The metabolic rate of Halopril increases if it is used together with carbamazepine, which is an inducer of microsomal liver enzymes.

Halopril increases the effect of drugs that lower blood pressure, so the combination of Halopril with such drugs should be strictly controlled.

With simultaneous application with methyldopa, sedative action, depression, dementia, confusion, dizziness may occur; when used with morphine may develop myoclonus; with rifampicin, phenytoin, phenobarbital - it is possible to reduce the concentration of haloperidol in the blood plasma.

Halopril can reduce the effect of indirect anticoagulants, so when used simultaneously with bupropion the epileptic threshold decreases and the risk of epileptic seizures increases. It is necessary to adjust the dose of these drugs in a joint application.

Halopril can reduce the effect of bromocriptine.

The use of strong tea or coffee (especially in large quantities) reduces the effect of Halopril.

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Storage conditions

Important conditions for storage of Halopril are the temperature regime and protection from sunlight. The optimum storage temperature is 15-30 ° C. Keep out of the reach of children.

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Shelf life

It is worth saying that the shelf life of Halopril reaches 24 months. If improperly stored, the shelf life of the drug may be significantly reduced. To Halopril did not come out of the expiration date, carefully read the storage conditions of this drug. This drug is dispensed strictly according to the doctor's prescription.