5-Fluorouracil "EBEVE"

5-Fluorouracil "EBEVE" is an effective medicinal product that is used for the treatment of cancer of the stomach, breast and other organs. 5-Fluorouracil "EBEVE" is used as both a main and an auxiliary drug during the course of chemotherapy. Let's consider the main characteristics of this drug, indications for use, contraindications, side effects and conditions of use.

Indications 5-Fluorouracil "EBEVE"

Let's look at the main indications for the use of 5-fluorouracil "EBEVE". The drug is used to treat breast cancer, colorectal cancer, cancer of all parts of the intestine, including the large intestine, also for the treatment of malignant tumors. The drug can be used in the form of motor therapy or combined with a number of other antineoplastic drugs. 5-Fluorouracil "EBEVE" is used to treat head, pancreas, mouth (lips, tongue, larynx), neck cancer

Treatment of these drugs should be under the supervision and supervision of a qualified oncologist doctor who has extensive experience in the use of powerful antimetabolites. Please note that the drug can not be purchased at the pharmacy. The drug is prescribed by a doctor and can be used only in a hospital.

During adequate treatment of fluorouracil, many patients develop leukopenia. That is, the level of leukocytes in the blood can reach zero. If this indicator is not checked, then the death of the patient may occur. To prevent this, patients are prescribed a course of immunostimulants, which increase the level of leukocytes in the blood and improve the protective properties of the immune system. As a rule, the minimum value of leukocytes is observed between the first and second weeks of application of the drug in the first course of treatment. When immunostimulating drugs are used, leukocytes are restored at least on the thirtieth day of treatment.

[1], [2]

Release form

Form release 5-Ftoruratsil "EBEVE" - a concentrate that is used as a solution for the preparation of infusions. The main forms of the preparation:

• 5 ml (250 mg), in ampoules of 5 ml
• 10 ml (500 mg), in ampoules of 5 ml
• 20 ml (1000 mg), in ampoules of 20 ml

That is, one ampoule of the drug can contain 250 mg, 500 mg or 1000 mg of active substance - ftoruratsila. The composition of the remedy includes auxiliary substances, such as: water for injection and sodium hydroxide. Pharmacotherapeutic group of the drug - antineoplastic agents, pyrimidine analogs, antimetabolites.

[3]

Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacodynamics 5-Ftoruratsil "EBEVE" represents the drug as an effective antitumor agent, a group of antimetabolites. The drug is considered an analogue of pyrimidine, therefore it breaks the synthesis of DNA and provokes inhibition of cell division. The antitumor effect of the drug begins to appear after the enzyme transformation of the drug.

Despite the high effectiveness of the drug in the treatment of cancer, the drug must be abandoned at the first sign of ulcers or stomatitis of the mouth, as well as with severe diarrhea, the appearance of peptic ulcer, bleeding and hemorrhage of any location.

5-Fluorouracil "EBEVE" has a narrow security corridor. This shows a slight difference between the toxic and therapeutic doses of the drug. It is very difficult to achieve the necessary therapeutic effect without toxicity. All this suggests that the dose of the drug should be carefully selected by a doctor oncologist, individually for each patient.

[4], [5], [6]

Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetics 5-Fluorouracil "EBEVE" allows you to find out all the necessary information about absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of the drug. Let's look at the main categories of pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil "EBEVE"

• Absorption - when using the drug, there are increased indices of intravariability from the gastrointestinal tract. The drug is metabolized in the liver. Please note that when using the drug, intra-arterial and intravenous administration is allowed. Bioavailability of 5-fluorouracil "EBEVE" is at the level of 0-80%
• Distribution - the drug quickly spreads through the body. Most quickly enters the proliferating tissues, that is, the bone marrow, the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract and neoplasms. The drug penetrates through the placental and blood-brain barrier. On average, the volume of the drug distribution is 0.12 liters per kg of body weight of the patient, and binding to plasma proteins is about 10%.
• Metabolism or baotransformation - the metabolism of the drug produces non-toxic compounds, such as urea and carbohydrate dioxide.
• Removal of the drug or elimination - from the blood plasma the drug is withdrawn after 10-30 minutes, the time depends on the dose of fluorouracil. In three hours the drug is not found in the blood plasma. The main excretion of the drug is through the lungs. The drug is excreted in the form of carbon dioxide.

[7], [8], [9], [10]

Dosing and administration

The way of application and the dose of the drug are prescribed by the treating oncologist. For each patient, an individual dose is selected, which depends on the disease. So, for some diseases, the drug is used as a monotherapy, and for others, the drug goes to a treatment complex. As a rule, treatment with the drug starts with a small dose, in order to check the reaction of the body to the drug. The drug is administered only in a hospital. The daily dose of fluorouracil should not exceed 1 g.

For adults, the dose is prescribed for 1 kg of body weight. For patients with puffiness and overweight, the dose of the drug is determined for each kilogram of ideal body weight. 5-Fluorouracil "EBEVE" is administered via intravenous infections, intra-arterial infusions or long-term infusions.

[13], [14]

Use 5-Fluorouracil "EBEVE" during pregnancy

The use of 5-fluorouracil "EBEVE" during pregnancy is contraindicated. Effects of monotherapy of the drug during pregnancy are not studied at a sufficient level. But it can be noted that treatment with 5-fluorouracil "EBEVE" in combination with other drugs can cause the birth of a baby with significant developmental malformations. Especially dangerous is the use of the drug in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Studies of the drug, which were conducted on animals, showed that 5-fluorouracil "EBEVE" adversely affects fertility, is teratogenic and fetotoxic. If the use of the drug during pregnancy is necessary, then it is necessary to make a choice between the effect of treatment and side effects that have a negative impact on the development of the baby and create a potential risk for pregnancy.

The drug is not recommended for use during lactation, as fluorouracil is excreted in human milk. Therefore, during breastfeeding, the drug should be discontinued.

Contraindications

Each drug has its own characteristics, which in one way or another, but still affect the human body. Let's look at the contraindications to the use of 5-fluorouracil "EBEVE".

• Hypersensitivity to the composition of the drug.
• Bleeding.
• Severe diarrhea.
• Suppression of brain function (relevant for patients who undergo radiation therapy).
• Deviations in the number of shaped elements in the blood.
• Impaired kidney and liver function.
• Infectious diseases.
• Exhaustion of the body.
• Stomatitis, ulcerative diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and oral cavity.

Particular care should be taken when using this drug in patients who are at high risk. This group includes patients who receive high doses of the drug during radiation therapy on the pelvic region. And also, patients who suffer a gyrophysectomy or an andrenalectomy.

Side effects 5-Fluorouracil "EBEVE"

Side effects of 5-fluorouracil "EBEVE" depend on the reactions that occur in the body when using this drug. Let's consider the main side effects of the drug:

• Fever.
• If the dosage is not respected, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia occur.
• Anemia.
• Agranulocytosis.
• Inhibition of bone marrow function.
• Suppression of the immune system.
• A variety of allergic reactions.
• Metabolic disorders of the body.
• Reversible cerebral syndrome.
• Confusion, cortical and motor disorders.
• Drowsiness.
• Ophthalmic disorders.
• Cardiac ischemia.
• Left ventricular dysfunction
• Myocardial infarction.
• Vascular disorders.
• Stomatitis, pharyngitis, proctitis.
• Diarrhea, vomiting, nausea.
• Reversible alopecia.

Pay attention, the side effects and reactions of the body to the drug are completely dependent on the dose of the drug and the period of use.

[11], [12]

Overdose

Overdosage of 5-fluorouracil "EBEVE" has a number of negative consequences for the body. Let's consider the most common reactions of the body with an overdose of the drug.

• Increased drowsiness.
• Acute psychotic reactions.
• Ulcers of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Diarrhea.
• Inhibition of bone marrow function.

The reactions of the body during an overdose depend on the dose of the drug and the period of administration. As a rule, after long-term use of 5-fluorouracil "EBEVE", minor side effects begin to appear, and over time symptoms of an overdose.

[15]

Interactions with other drugs

The interaction of 5-fluorouracil "EBEVE" with other drugs depends on the disease and drugs that are included in the complex treatment. So, in medical practice, combined therapy with fluorouracil is possible in combination with the valine acid and folate. But this interaction of drugs can cause severe diarrhea.

When the 5-fluorouracil "EBEVE" reacts with drugs that depress the function of the brain, the doctor adjusts the dosage of fluorouracil. With the drug is strictly prohibited to take phenylbutazone, sulfonamide or aminophenazone. When the drug interacts with allopurinolan, a decrease in the drug effects of both the first and second drug is recorded. Note that 5-fluorouracil "EBEVE" significantly weakens the defense mechanisms of the body, which lowers the immune system to a critical level and allows the disease to progress with renewed vigor. To prevent this, the drug should be used together with immunostimulating drugs.

[16], [17]

Storage conditions

The main storage conditions of 5-fluorouracil "EBEVE" do not differ from the storage of other drugs. When the storage conditions of the preparation are observed, fluorouracil is a light yellow or clear solution.

The drug should be stored in a cool and dark place. It is strictly forbidden to keep the open ampoule of the drug in the air, as this lowers its effectiveness. The period of storage of the open ampoule should not exceed 24 hours provided that the temperature regime is kept - 2-8 º C. The preparation should be stored in its original packaging, as this depends on its shelf life.

[18], [19]

Special instructions

5-Fluorouracil "EBEVE" - is available as a solution for injections. In some diseases, 5-fluorouracil is used as the main therapy. But, for example, in the treatment of breast cancer, the drug is part of a complex of therapy and has an auxiliary effect. Despite the high effectiveness of the drug, which it has in the treatment of cancer, the drug has a number of contraindications and side effects that can lead to death.

5-Fluorouracil "EBEVE" is a modern medicinal product used for the treatment of various cancers. The drug is highly effective treatment, but it can be used only under the condition of inpatient treatment and strictly comply with the dosage.

[20]

Shelf life

Shelf life of 5-fluorouracil "EBEVE" in the original packaging is two years from the date of manufacture and subject to full compliance with the storage characteristics of the drug. The drug should not be supercooled and frozen, as it reduces its medicinal abilities to zero. After the expiration date of 5-fluorouracil "EBEVE", ampoules must be disposed of. Use the drug at the expiration of the expiration date is strictly prohibited, as this will lead to unpredictable reactions of the body, which can have irreversible consequences.

[21],