Gyno-Tardiferon

Gyno-Tardiferon is a combination drug that contains two active ingredients: ferrous sulfate and folic acid.

1. Ferrous sulfate: Iron is an important mineral needed for the production of red blood cells and the functioning of the body. Ferrous sulfate is often used to treat and prevent iron deficiency anemia, a condition in which the body's iron levels are low. This medication helps to replenish iron deficiency and restore the body's red blood cell count to normal.
2. Folic Acid: Folic acid, or vitamin B9, plays an important role in the production of new cells, including red blood cells. Its supplementation may be useful for women during pregnancy, to prevent neural tube defects in the fetus, and to treat iron deficiency anemia, especially if the anemia is due to folate deficiency.

Gyno-Tardiferon is commonly used to treat and prevent iron deficiency anemia, especially in women during pregnancy or those who have an increased need for iron and folic acid. It provides the body with the necessary nutrients to maintain normal levels of red blood cells and overall health.

Indications Gyno-Tardiferon

1. Iron deficiency anemia: The drug is used to treat anemia caused by iron deficiency. Iron sulfate helps replenish iron deficiency in the body by increasing the number of red blood cells and improving oxygen transmission to tissues.
2. Prevention of Anemia: Gyno-Tardiferon can be used as a prophylactic agent to prevent the development of iron deficiency anemia in individuals at increased risk (for example, pregnant women, children, adolescents during periods of rapid growth, people with insufficient dietary iron intake).
3. Folic Acid Supplementation: Folic acid may also be used to prevent neural tube defects in the fetus during pregnancy and to treat iron deficiency anemia, especially if the anemia is due to folate deficiency.

Release form

Tablets or capsules are usually specially coated or formulated to prevent gastrointestinal irritation and improve absorption of ingredients. They are typically taken with or during meals to enhance absorption.

Pharmacodynamics

The pharmacodynamics of Gyno-Tardiferon lies in its ability to prevent and treat iron deficiency anemia, as well as promote normal fetal development due to the components of ferrous sulfate and folic acid.

1. Ferrous Sulfate: Iron is a key component of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen to the cells of the body. Ferrous sulfate in Gyno-Tardiferon increases iron levels in the body, which helps increase hemoglobin production and improve oxygen metabolism.
2. Folic acid: This component is critical for cell division and growth. Folic acid promotes the proper formation of the fetal neural tube, which reduces the risk of neurological defects in newborns.

The study showed that the use of Gyno-Tardiferon is effective for the treatment of latent iron deficiency in pregnant women, preventing its progression to overt anemia and improving overall pregnancy and childbirth outcomes (Kutsenko et al., 2023).

These properties make Gyno-Tardiferon an important tool for maintaining the health of mother and child during pregnancy.

Pharmacokinetics

1. Iron sulfate: Iron sulfate is usually absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Absorption occurs in the upper intestine, mainly in the duodenum and small intestine. Factors that may affect iron absorption include the presence of other dietary components (such as phytates or tannins) and the degree of iron deficiency in the body. After absorption, iron sulfate circulates in the blood, binding to transport proteins such as transferrin, and distributed to organs and tissues.
2. Folic Acid: Folic acid is also usually absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, primarily in the upper intestines. It is rapidly metabolized into active forms of folate in the liver. These active forms can then circulate in the blood and be used by the body to synthesize nucleic acids and other important biological molecules.
3. Interactions and Metabolism: Iron sulfate and folic acid may interact with other foods and drugs, which may affect their absorption, metabolism and excretion from the body.
4. Excretion: Excess iron is usually excreted from the body through the intestines, and folic acid is excreted in the urine.
5. Clinical aspects: When using Gyno-Tardiferon, it is important to take into account the individual characteristics of the patient, such as the degree of iron and folate deficiency, as well as possible interactions with other medications or food components.

Dosing and administration

1. Dosage:

   • The dosage of iron sulfate and folic acid in Gyno-Tardiferon may vary depending on the level of iron and folate deficiency in the body.
   • It is usually recommended to take the tablet once or twice a day. The dosage may vary depending on the formulation of the specific drug.
   • The dosage of folic acid is usually from 0.4 to 1 mg per day, but can be increased for medical reasons.

2. Method of application:

   • Gyno-Tardiferon tablets are usually taken orally, that is, by mouth, swallowed whole, often after a meal, to reduce possible iron-related side effects, such as irritation of the stomach lining.
   • It is important to follow the instructions on the package or your doctor's recommendations regarding when to take and how many tablets to take.

3. Course duration:

   • The duration of treatment with Gyno-Tardiferon is determined by the doctor depending on the severity of anemia and the patient’s response to treatment.
   • Usually the course of treatment can last several weeks to several months.

Use Gyno-Tardiferon during pregnancy

The use of Gyno-Tardiferon during pregnancy is considered safe and effective for the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia, which is common in pregnant women. Ferrous sulfate and folic acid, which are part of Gyno-Tardiferon, help prevent anemia and maintain the health of both the mother and the developing fetus.

One study showed that timely treatment of hidden iron deficiency with an iron-containing drug (such as Gyno-Tardiferon) prevents the development of severe iron deficiency anemia and hypoxia, which ultimately reduces the risk of complications during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period ( Kutsenko et al., 2023).

Thus, Gyno-Tardiferon is recommended for use as a supplement to the diet of pregnant women for the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia, especially with a high risk of its development or existing iron deficiency.

Contraindications

1. Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug: People with known hypersensitivity to iron sulfate, folic acid or other components of Gyno-Tardiferon should avoid its use.
2. Conditions for which iron supplementation is contraindicated: This may include conditions such as hemochromatosis (excess iron in the body), hemolytic anemia, or other disorders of iron metabolism.
3. Conditions for which folic acid supplementation is contraindicated: These may be conditions associated with the possibility of folic acid accumulation in the body, such as leukocytosis, leukemia, or some types of megaloblastic anemia.
4. Conditions requiring specialized treatment: People with serious conditions such as heart disease, kidney disease or other chronic diseases should consult a doctor before taking Gyno-Tardiferon.
5. Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Taking Gyno-Tardiferon during pregnancy and breastfeeding should only be done under the supervision of a doctor and on his recommendation.

Side effects Gyno-Tardiferon

1. Gastrointestinal disorders: Including nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea or abdominal pain. They occur especially often due to iron sulfate.
2. Changes in taste: Some people may experience a metallic taste in their mouth after taking iron.
3. Allergic reactions: Including skin rash, itching, swelling of the face, lips or tongue. These reactions, although rare, may require medical attention.
4. Digestive problems: Some people may experience stomach discomfort or a worsening of existing disorders, such as stomach ulcers or ulcerative colitis.
5. Risk of Iron Overdose: If you exceed the recommended dose of iron sulfate, you may overdose, which can lead to serious complications such as iron poisoning.
6. Interference with the absorption of other medications: Iron may interact with some other medications, causing them to be less effective or to cause health problems.

Overdose

Overdose symptoms may include:

1. Iron (ferrous sulfate):

   • Acute iron overdose can lead to acute poisoning with possible symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea, glandular reaction (diarrhea with the color of dark porridge) and even life-threatening complications such as acute renal failure and red blood cell destruction syndrome (hemolytic anemia).

2. Folic acid:

   • An overdose of folic acid rarely occurs because it is water soluble and excess is usually excreted from the body through urine.
   • However, with long-term use of large doses of folic acid, undesirable effects may occur, such as masking the symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency and possibly masking megaloblastic anemia.

Interactions with other drugs

1. Medicines that affect iron: Medicines containing calcium, antacids, tannins or magnesium may reduce the absorption of iron. Therefore, Gyno-Tardiferon should be taken at a certain time interval relative to such drugs.
2. Medicines that improve iron absorption: Vitamin C may improve iron absorption. Therefore, in some cases, the use of vitamin C or foods rich in vitamin C may improve the effectiveness of Gyno-Tardiferon.
3. Medicines containing iron: When used concomitantly with other drugs containing iron, the unwanted effects of iron, such as constipation or dyspepsia, may be increased.
4. Drugs that affect folic acid metabolism: Some medications may affect folic acid metabolism, such as antiepileptic drugs (eg, phenytoin or carbamazepine), antibiotics (eg, sulfonamides), methotrexate, etc. This may require adjustment of the folic acid dose. Acids
5. Medicines that affect absorption: Some medications or foods may affect the absorption of folic acid, which may require dosage adjustments.