Pimafucort

Pimafucort is a combination drug that contains several active ingredients:

1. Natamycin is an antifungal agent used to treat fungal infections of the eyes such as conjunctivitis and keratitis. It is highly effective against different types of fungi.
2. Neomycin is an antibiotic from the aminoglycoside group that is used to treat bacterial infections. It is commonly used to fight bacteria such as staphylococci and streptococci.
3. Hydrocortisone is a glucocorticosteroid that has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to reduce inflammation and itching associated with various skin conditions.

The combination of these active ingredients in Pimafucort is intended to treat infections and inflammation of the eyes and skin caused by fungi and bacteria. Usually, Pimafucort is used as a topical treatment and is applied to the affected areas of the skin or mucous membranes. However, before using this drug, it is necessary to consult a doctor for recommendations and to assess the appropriateness of its use.

Indications Pimafucort

1. Dermatitis and eczema: Pimafucort can be used to treat various types of dermatitis and eczema, including contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis and other inflammatory skin conditions.
2. Fungal skin and nail infections: The drug may be used to treat fungal skin infections such as dermatophytosis (shingles), candidiasis (yeast dermatitis), and other fungal infections of the nails and skin.
3. Bacterial skin infections: Pimafucort may be used to fight bacterial skin infections such as pyoderma (pustular dermatitis), folliculitis (inflammation of hair follicles) and other infections caused by bacteria.
4. Other inflammatory conditions: Pimafucort can help manage a variety of inflammatoryconditions on the skin and mucous membranes such as redness, itching, swelling, and discomfort.

Release form

• Cream for external use: Usually packed in tubes. The cream is intended for application to affected areas of the skin. Due to its texture, the cream is easy to apply and well absorbed, providing localized action of active ingredients.
• Ointment for external use: Also packaged in tubes and intended for external use. The ointment has a thicker consistency than the cream and may be preferred for use on dry, flaky or cracked skin.

Pharmacodynamics

1. Natamycin: It is an antifungal agent used to treat eye infections caused by fungi. Natamycin acts by binding to ergosterol, a key component of fungal cell membranes, resulting in disruption of their structure and function. This leads to the death of the fungal cells and stops the development of the infection.
2. Neomycin: It is an aminoglycoside class antibiotic that has a broad spectrum of action against bacteria. Neomycin works by binding to bacterial ribosomes and interfering with the process of protein synthesis. This leads to the death of bacteria and stops their growth and reproduction.
3. Hydrocortisone: It is a glucocorticosteroid that has anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and anti-exudative effects. Hydrocortisone inhibits the synthesis and release of inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes and reduces capillary permeability, which reduces inflammation, swelling and itching.

Pharmacokinetics

1. Natamycin:

   • Absorption: Natamycin is usually applied topically, e.g. For the treatment of eye infections. After topical application, its absorption is limited and usually negligible.
   • Distribution: Little is known about the distribution of natamycin in the body, but it remains predominantly at the site of application.
   • Metabolism: Natamycin is practically not metabolized in the body.
   • Excretion: It is eliminated from the body mainly through bile and feces.

2. Neomycin:

   • Absorption: Neomycin may be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration.
   • Distribution: It is widely distributed in the tissues of the body.
   • Metabolism: Neomycin is not metabolized to any significant extent.
   • Excretion: It is excreted mainly through the kidneys.

3. Hydrocortisone:

   • Absorption: Hydrocortisone may be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration and may also be absorbed topically when applied topically.
   • Distribution: It is also widely distributed in body tissues.
   • Metabolism: Hydrocortisone is metabolized in the liver, mainly to cortisone.
   • Excretion: Excretion occurs mainly through the kidneys as metabolites.

Dosing and administration

Method of Application:

• Pimafucort is applied to the affected areas of the skin.
• The skin should be thoroughly cleaned and dried before application.
• The drug is applied in a thin layer.

Dosage:

• For adults and children over 2 years of age, Pimafucort is usually prescribed to be applied to the affected areas of the skin 2-3 times a day.
• The duration of treatment depends on the nature and severity of the infection, but usually does not exceed 2 weeks. The physician may adjust the duration of treatment depending on the clinical response.

Important Notes:

• Avoid contact of the drug with eyes, nasal and oral mucous membranes.
• It is not recommended to apply under occlusive dressings without a doctor's prescription, as it may increase the absorption of drug components and the risk of systemic side effects.
• If there is no improvement or the skin condition worsens after a few days of treatment, you should consult a doctor.
• Prolonged use, especially over large areas of skin or under dressings, may increase the risk of side effects including thin skin, striae, and acneiform rashes.

Use Pimafucort during pregnancy

The use of Pimafucort during pregnancy and lactation should be discussed with your doctor. The doctor will evaluate the benefits of the drug against the potential risks to the pregnant woman and the developing fetus.

Since there are not enough data on the safety of Pimafucort use during pregnancy, the decision on its use should be made by a doctor based on the specific clinical situation.

Contraindications

1. Herpetic eye infections: Pimafucort is contraindicated in herpetic eye infections due to the risk of exacerbation of the infection.
2. Viral eye infections: Use should also be avoided in viral eye infections such as viral conjunctivitis.
3. Fungal eye infections: Since natamycin is an antifungal drug, the use of Pimafucort is contraindicated in fungal eye infections.
4. Tuberculosis of the eye: The use of Pimafucort is contraindicated in tuberculosis of the eye.
5. Bacterial infections with insensitivity to antibiotics: If the infection is caused by bacteria that are not sensitive to neomycin, its use may not be effective.
6. Glaucoma: The use of glucocorticosteroids such as hydrocortisone can increase the rise in intraocular pressure, which can be dangerous for patients with glaucoma.
7. Herpes zoster eye: Use of the drug may be contraindicated in herpes zoster eye.
8. Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Data on the safety of Pimafucort during pregnancy and breastfeeding are limited, so it should be used with caution in these cases.

Side effects Pimafucort

1. Skin reactions: Various skin reactions such as irritation, redness, itching or burning at the site of application may occur. Some patients may develop contact dermatitis.
2. Allergic reactions: In rare cases, allergic reactions such as hives, facial swelling, difficulty breathing, or anaphylactic shock may occur. If you experience signs of an allergic reaction, seek medical attention immediately.
3. Infections: Use of the antibiotic neomycin may promote superinfections (secondary infections) caused by the growth of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.
4. Systemic effects: In rare cases, systemic side effects may occur, especially with high doses of the drug or prolonged treatment, such as hypertension (high blood pressure), hyperglycemia (elevated blood glucose levels), sodium and water retention in the body (this can lead to edema), and adrenal insufficiency with prolonged glucocorticosteroid use.
5. Masking the infection: The use of a glucocorticosteroid such as hydrocortisone can suppress the symptoms of the infection, which can make it more difficult to diagnose and treat.
6. Other side effects: Other side effects not described here may occur. A doctor should be consulted if any new or unusual symptoms occur.

Overdose

An overdose may increase the unwanted effects of each of the drug's components. Some of these may include:

1. Neomycin: An overdose of this antibiotic may cause acute renal failure or damage to the auditory nerve.
2. Hydrocortisone: Glucocorticosteroid overdose can lead to hypertension, osteoporosis, Icenko-Cushing's syndrome, and other serious side effects.
3. Natamycin: Overdosage may cause eye irritation or burns if the drug comes into contact with the mucous membranes of the eye in large amounts.

Interactions with other drugs

1. Other antibiotics: Simultaneous use of Pimafucort with other antibiotics, especially with aminoglycosides, may increase their antibacterial effect.
2. Other antimycotics: Combination of Pimafucort with other antimycotic drugs may increase the effectiveness of treatment of fungal infections, but possible adverse reactions should be considered.
3. Glucocorticoid-containing drugs: When Pimafucort is used concomitantly with other glucocorticoid-containing drugs (e.g., systemic steroids), there may be an increased risk of side effects associated with prolonged use of corticosteroids.
4. Drugs that depress the immune system: Combining Pimafucort with other drugs that depress the immune system (such as cytotoxic drugs or drugs used to treat autoimmune diseases) may increase the risk of infections and other complications.
5. Drugs that increase the risk of candidiasis: Use of Pimafucort with drugs that may increase the risk of candidiasis (e.g., systemic antibiotics or immunosuppressants) may promote fungal infections.
6. Drugs that increase the risk of glaucoma: The use of Pimafucort concomitantly with drugs that may increase intraocular pressure (e.g., adrenergic agonists) may increase the risk of glaucoma.