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Orcid
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Orzid is an antibiotic from the 3rd generation cephalosporins subgroup. Its active ingredient is ceftazidime, which has a bactericidal effect by slowing down the activity of microbial cell membranes.
Demonstrates a wide range of antibacterial effects on gram-negative and positive bacteria, as well as anaerobes with aerobes. Acquired resistance to the antibiotic varies in different areas and may change over time, significantly different for some strains. It is required to be guided by local information regarding the sensitivity with respect to the antibiotic, especially in the treatment of severe infections.
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Indications Orsida
It is used in the case of diseases provoked by the action of microbes that are sensitive to drugs. These include gastrointestinal lesions, joints with bones and soft tissues, respiratory and urogenital systems, peritoneum and NS. In addition, it is used for sepsis and in case of development of complications after operations (and for their prevention).
Release form
The release of the drug substance is produced in the form of a lyophilisate for the infusion fluid, inside the flasks with a capacity of 0.25, 0.5 and 1 g.
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Pharmacokinetics
Ceftazidime injected can penetrate into all fluids with tissues, reaching medicinal parameters there. Distribution occurs within the gallbladder, myocadium, soft tissue bones and epidermis. An intact BBB substance overcomes poorly, but in the case of inflammation of the lining of the brain, its level inside the cerebrospinal fluid acquires therapeutic value, which is sufficient for the treatment of meningitis.
High rates of medication are stored inside the body in the period of 8-12 hours. The term half-life in the case of a stable work of the kidneys is 1.8 hours, and in the event of a violation of their function, 2.2 hours.
Ceftazidime is not exposed to intrahepatic metabolic processes, which is why people with liver problems do not need to reduce the amount of drugs.
Orzid is excreted through the kidneys in an unchanged state (80-90%).
The dosage of medication for persons with renal impairment should be significantly lower than the standard.
Dosing and administration
Orzid is used exclusively parenterally (i / m or i / v pricks). Portions are selected individually, taking into account the weight and age of the patient, the sensitivity of the causative agent, the nature of the disease and the state of the kidney activity.
Adults usually enter 1 g of drug 3 times a day or 2 g at 12-hour intervals.
In the case of severe forms of infection or for persons with a weakened immune system, the dosage of the drug is 2 g, which is administered with an 8-hour break.
With the defeat of the joints with bones 2 times a day, use 2000 mg of medication.
Infants up to 2 months of age are injected at 25-50 mg / kg for 2 injections. Children older than this age require the use of 30-100 mg / kg (2-3 injections) per day.
Immunocompromised children, as well as meningitis or cystic fibrosis, require a dosage of up to 0.15 g / kg per day (not more than 6 g per day) for 3 injections.
Older people are allowed to use no more than 3000 mg of medication per day.
Persons with kidney failure should first use 1 g of the drug. The supporting portion is selected, taking into account the speed of QC.
Methods of dilution of the drug.
When performing i / m procedures, the lyophilisate is diluted in injection liquid or isotonic NaCl (2-3 ml).
When in / in the jet injection medication should be diluted in 10 ml of the selected solvent.
In the case of intravenous infusion through a dropper, the drug is diluted in 50 ml of the solvent.
Solutions containing ceftazidime have physical and chemical stability for 7 days (temperature reading 4 o C) or 18 hours (room temperature).
Use Orsida during pregnancy
Ceftazidime overcomes the placenta, because of which it can not be used in the 1st trimester. In the 2nd and 3rd trimesters, it is used only in situations where the benefits of drug administration are more likely than the risks of complications.
Because the drug is excreted in breast milk, it is very carefully used for breastfeeding.
Side effects Orsida
The main side signs are:
- allergy symptoms: eosinophilia, angioedema, fever, TEN, epidermal pruritus, urticaria, bronchial spasm, erythema multiforme (including SJS) and anaphylaxis;
- local manifestations: phlebitis develops after i / v injection; after i / m administration, induration, pain, abscess and burning sensation occurs at the injection site;
- Disorders of the National Assembly: paresthesia, encephalopathy, headaches, a fluttering character tremor, a generalized form of seizures and dizziness;
- problems with the function of the urogenital system: candidal vaginitis, kidney disorder and toxic nephropathy;
- lesions affecting the gastrointestinal tract: intestinal disorder, vomiting, pain in the epigastric zone, nausea, cholestasis and colitis;
- disorders of the blood system: leuco-, thrombocyto- or neutropenia, lymphocytosis, hemolytic anemia, and hemorrhage.
Overdose
After the introduction of an excessively large portion of Orzid, the following symptoms may appear: vomiting, convulsions, ARF, nausea, coma and dizziness.
The drug has no antidote. In case of intoxication, symptomatic measures are performed that stabilize and support the work of the body’s vital systems. In case of severe poisoning, the level of the drug can be reduced by performing a hemodialysis procedure.
Interactions with other drugs
Drug administration along with other nephrotoxic drugs, including diuretics (furosemide) or aminoglycosides, can cause the appearance of a deficiency in the kidneys (especially in people with disorders of this function).
The combination of ceftazidime with chloramphenicol reduces the therapeutic effect of both drugs.
Ceftazidime is not compatible with Na hydrochloride solution, and therefore it is forbidden to use it for the dilution of drugs.
When treating Orzid, you should not drink alcohol.
Shelf life
Orzid can be used within a 3-year term from the time the therapeutic product is produced. The shelf life of the injection fluid is 5 years.
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Analogs
Analogs of drugs are substances Vicef and Fortum with ceftazidime.
Attention!
To simplify the perception of information, this instruction for use of the drug "Orcid" translated and presented in a special form on the basis of the official instructions for medical use of the drug. Before use read the annotation that came directly to medicines.
Description provided for informational purposes and is not a guide to self-healing. The need for this drug, the purpose of the treatment regimen, methods and dose of the drug is determined solely by the attending physician. Self-medication is dangerous for your health.