Kapoten

A hood is a remedy from the ACE group. Has antihypertensive properties.

[1], [2]

Indications Kapoten

It is used to treat such disorders:

• myocardial infarction ;
• CHF (as an integral part of complex treatment);
• increased blood pressure (for monotherapy, but can also be used in combination with other medicines);
• diabetic form of nephropathy, developing against the background of diabetes mellitus (type 1).

[3],

Release form

Release of the medication is realized in tablets having a volume of 25 mg; inside the blister pack contains 14 tablets. The box contains 1-4 such packages.

[4]

Pharmacodynamics

The drug can prevent the production of angiotensin 2, and in addition it weakens its ability to narrow the vessels of veins and arteries.

The hood loosens pre- and postnagruzku, reduces the values of blood pressure, and with it lowers the level of pressure inside the small circle of blood flow and atrium. In addition, the drug increases the parameters of the minute cardiac volume and reduces the amount of adrenal secretion of aldosterone.

Already after 10 minutes from the moment of taking drugs, its therapeutic effect begins, but at the same time the substance shows its maximum effectiveness after 1.5 hours. The duration of the maximum drug exposure is no more than 6 hours.

[5], [6],

Pharmacokinetics

After consuming drugs, approximately 75% of the drug component is absorbed inside the digestive tract. In the case of taking along with food, the rate of drug absorption decreases.

More than 90% of Kapoten is excreted by the kidneys. Approximately 50% of this mass is excreted unchanged, and the remainder is in the form of metabolic products.

[7], [8], [9]

Dosing and administration

Tablets should be consumed orally, 60 minutes before eating. The medicine can also be used for reception under the tongue. Selection of dosage sizes is carried out individually.

Use in people with hypertension.

At increased values of blood pressure, the drug should be taken with a minimum dose, selected for each patient separately. If a person has a moderate or mild form of illness, first take the drug at a dosage of 12.5 mg (0.5 tablets) 2 times a day. If you need to increase the dose, you need to do this gradually, with intervals of 0.5-1 month. High dosage is 50 mg (corresponds to 2 tablets), taken 2 times a day.

In hypertension, which has a severe degree of severity, the initial dose is similar to that used in the scheme described above - 12.5 mg with 2-times daily use. Then it should be gradually increased to the maximum values - 0.15 g (50 mg, 3-fold per day).

Use in people with heart failure.

To conduct therapy it is possible only under the control of the attending doctor. To maximally reduce the effect of transient hypotension, at the beginning of the treatment cycle, portions of a maximum of 6.25 mg (a quarter of the pill) should be used, with 3 consecutive daily use. The size of the optimal maintenance portion is 1 tablet (25 mg), with a 2-3-fold intake per day. If required, the portion is increased at intervals of 2 weeks until the maximum dosage of 0.15 g is reached.

Therapy for myocardial infarction.

Begin the treatment cycle after 3 days after the attack. First, use the drug in the optimal dose, equal to 6.25 mg (quarter tablet), with a 3-fold intake per day. Further, this dosage is gradually increased until the 1st pill (volume 25 mg) is taken 3 times a day.

Scheme of use for diabetic nephropathy.

The size of the portion is 3-4 tablets (75-100 mg volume), with a 2-3-day application per day.

Reception in people with renal dysfunction.

With a mild or moderate degree of frustration in the work of the kidneys, a 3-time intake of 75-100 mg LS (3-4 tablets) is allowed per day.

At a severe stage of the disorder, doctors are advised to begin treatment with a dosage not exceeding 12.5 mg (0.5 tablets). If such a dosage does not lead to the development of the desired result, it should be gradually increased to obtain the desired effect.

Use in the elderly.

Patients at the age of more than 65 years of age, the sizes of portions are selected by the doctor on an individual basis. Beginning of the course is required with a minimum portion, after which it is maintained at the same size throughout the entire reception cycle.

Before using Kapoten, always consult your doctor.

[17], [18], [19], [20]

Use Kapoten during pregnancy

It is forbidden to use the medicine during pregnancy or lactation.

Contraindications

Among the contraindications:

• people who have recently undergone kidney transplantation;
• aortic stenosis and other similar pathologies, in which the process of blood outflow is hampered;
• arterial stenosis within a single kidney, against which progression of azotemia can develop;
• presence of a history of intolerance to the drug;
• angioedema;
• arterial kidney stenosis of bilateral character;
• problems with renal or hepatic activity;
• gingivitis;
• hypersensitivity to any of the elements of the drug.

The hood should be carefully administered to people with depressed hematopoiesis processes inside the bone marrow, cerebrospinal ischemia and with autoimmune pathologies affecting connective tissues. In addition, caution is required for people who are on hemodialysis during therapy, as well as for those who follow a diet with controlled sodium intake and elderly people.

[10], [11], [12], [13], [14]

Side effects Kapoten

The use of medication can cause some side effects:

• tachycardia, orthostatic collapse and swelling of the peripheral type;
• cough dry type, bronchial spasms and pulmonary swelling;
• Puffiness affecting the mucous membranes inside the larynx, as well as the tongue, lips and limbs, and in addition the common facial swelling;
• proteinuria, acidosis, and in addition hyperkalemia with hyponatraemia and an increase in the blood values of urea nitrogen;
• anemia, agranulocytosis, thrombocyto- or neutropenia;
• aphthous form of stomatitis, taste disorder, dryness of the oral mucosa and an increase in the activity of liver enzymes. Occasionally there are severe abdominal pains or develops hepatitis, gingival hyperplasia or diarrhea;
• rashes, against which often there is an itch or, more rarely, the temperature increases. Erythema may develop, a rash that has a bullous or vesicular character, photosensitivity, or frequent blood flushes to the skin of the face;
• dizziness, ataxia, a feeling of drowsiness, paresthesia, headaches and eye disorder.

[15], [16]

Overdose

The manifestation of intoxication is a sharp and significant decrease in blood pressure.

To treat such a disorder, it is necessary to administer plasmo-substituting drugs to the patient and carry out hemodialysis procedures.

[21], [22],

Interactions with other drugs

The antihypertensive effect of the drug is potentiated when combined with adrenoblockers, diuretics and ganglion blockers.

The blood value of potassium can increase when the drug is combined with diuretics of a potassium-sparing nature (such as triamterene with spironolactone and amiloride) or food supplements containing potassium.

Clonidine with indomethacin weaken the hypotensive effect of Kapoten.

Simultaneous use of the drug with procainamide or allopurinol may provoke the development of Stevens-Johnson syndrome or neutropenia.

Immunosuppressants, including azathioprine or cyclophosphamide, when combined with the drug, increase the likelihood of developing hematologic disorders.

The use of lithium or ACE inhibitors raises the blood levels of lithium, which increases the likelihood of negative effects of lithium drugs.

[23], [24]

Storage conditions

The hood should be kept at temperatures of 15-25 ° C on average.

[25]

Shelf life

The hood can be applied within 36 months from the date of manufacture of the medicament.

[26]

Application for children

Kapoten is not prescribed in pediatrics - children under the age of 18.

Analogues

Analogues of the drug are the drugs Captopril, Diroton, Capozid with Berlipril, and besides Akkupro, Lizinokol, Zokardis and so on.

[27], [28], [29], [30], [31],

Reviews

Kapoten generally receives good feedback from patients - they report that the drug has a rapid effect and effectively reduces blood pressure. In addition, there is also a convenient dosage form of the drug. But there are also those who received drugs caused the development of negative reactions, among which a weak numbness of the tongue.

Doctors say that if used correctly, the medicine has an effective and rapid therapeutic effect, with almost no side effects. It is also noted that it should be used exclusively with the appointment of a doctor who will choose the dosage and mode of drug use that is suitable for the patient.