Capotiazide

Kapotiazid is a complex agent from the category of ACE inhibitors.

Indications Capotiazide

It is used for therapy in various forms of hypertension (this includes diseases that are resistant to other antihypertensive drugs).

Release form

The drug is produced in tablets, in the amount of 10 pieces packed in blister plates. Inside the box there are 2 such plates.

Pharmacodynamics

Complex hypotensive drug containing captopril component. The active element is ACE inhibitors, inhibits the formation of angiotensin 2, and also prevents its vasoconstrictor effect and stimulation of adrenal aldosterone release. In addition, it reduces the overall resistance of vessels of a peripheral nature and the indices of AD, weakens post- and preload with respect to the myocardium, and at the same time lowers the pressure inside the small circle of blood flow and the right atrium.

Hydrochlorothiazide has a moderate diuretic effect, increasing the amounts of excreted chlorine, sodium ions, water and potassium from the body. Together with this, lowers the index of sodium ions inside the vessels' membranes, weakening their sensitivity with respect to the vasoconstrictor effect and potentiating the hypotensive effect of captopril.

Pharmacokinetics

The ingested captopril is absorbed at high speed. Peak blood values reach after 60 minutes. The minimum absorption values are about 70%. The consumption of food reduces the absorption in the gastrointestinal tract by approximately 30-40%. Protein synthesis inside the blood plasma is 25-30%. The plasma half-life of drugs is less than 3 hours.

Over 95% of the applied portion of the drug is excreted together with urine. If the patient has disorders of renal activity, the medicine can be cumulated inside the body.

Hypotensive effect develops after the 0.5-1 hour and remains for the next 4-8 hours.

Orally taken hydrochlorothiazide is absorbed approximately 60-80%. The development of the Cmax index requires 1.5-3 hours. The substance cumulates inside the red blood cells, where its values are 3-9 times higher than the plasma level. The protein synthesis occurring inside the plasma is 40-70%; the metabolism of the substance is extremely weak.

Excretion of the component from the plasma proceeds 2-stage: the initial stage of the half-life is 2 hours, and the final (10-12 hours after use) - about 10 hours.

In people with healthy kidney work, excretion almost completely passes through the kidneys. About 50-75% of the portion consumed is excreted in the unchanged state with urine.

Dosing and administration

Use the drug orally, 60 minutes before eating. The sizes of portions are selected separately for each patient, given the severity of the pathology. The initial dosage is 0.5 tablets (corresponding to 25 mg), which should be taken 1-fold per day.

If there is insufficient hypotensive effect, the daily dose is allowed to be increased to 50 mg (taking the 1st pill) 1-fold per day with one dose. The duration of the treatment course is also selected for each patient separately.

[1]

Use Capotiazide during pregnancy

Prescribe medicines to lactating or pregnant women is prohibited.

Contraindications

The main contraindications:

• presence of strong sensitivity with respect to drug elements;
• the presence of propensity to the appearance of edema Quincke with the use of ACE inhibitors, which occurred earlier;
• collagenoses;
• a significant disorder of renal activity (QC values are less than 30 ml / minute), and in addition to this acute inflammation inside the kidneys;
• arterial stenosis within the kidneys (one (if the patient has only 1 kidney) or bilateral), as well as conditions in people who have recently had a kidney transplant;
• hypercalcemia;
• mitral or aortic stenosis;
• problems with hepatic function;
• Horse Syndrome;
• hypokalemia or -natriemia, in particular, combined with hypovolemia;
• gout.

Side effects Capotiazide

Correctly chosen dosages of the drug do not lead to the appearance of negative symptoms. But in the case of using high doses or in people with intolerance to the medication, these side effects can be noted:

• problems with the work of the CAS: a decrease in the level of blood pressure (sometimes orthostatic collapse), a feeling of palpitations. There are reports of the occurrence of myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, angina attacks, as well as disorders of cerebral blood flow processes that are ischemic;
• violations of respiratory organs: the development of bronchitis. Occasionally there are spasms of bronchi, runny nose, sinusitis or laryngitis;
• disorders of renal activity: occasionally appears proteinuria. There are also reports of the development of acute kidney failure;
• lesions affecting the processes of metabolism (electrolytes and other elements): hyponatremia or -magnesium, and in addition hyperuricemia, -calcemia, -cholesteremia, or -glycemia;
• manifestations in the gastrointestinal tract or liver: discomfort sensations in the epigastric zone, nausea and dyspeptic symptoms. Occasionally there is diarrhea, dryness of the oral mucosa, vomiting, taste disorder, loss of appetite or constipation. Also occasionally there is hepatitis, intestinal blockage, cholestatic jaundice or pancreatitis, and in addition an increase in the activity of liver transaminases;
• problems with CNS function: headaches and a feeling of drowsiness. Occasionally there are sleep disorders, depression, dizziness, convulsions, visual disturbances and ear noise;
• disturbances in the hematopoietic system: occasionally thrombocytopenia or leukopenia develops, as well as eosinophilia or anemia. Agranulocytosis or pancytopenia can occur sporadically;
• immunotoxic or allergic lesions: rash on the epidermis, urticaria, erythema polyforma, pruritus, Quincke edema, exfoliative form of dermatitis and TEN. Eosinophilia, arthralgia or myalgia may also develop, and temperature may also increase. There are data on the appearance of photosensitivity or drug lupus;
• Other manifestations: onycholysis or hair loss.

Overdose

Intoxication can lead to potentiation of the above described negative manifestations.

Symptomatic measures are taken to correct the violations.

Interactions with other drugs

Combined use of medication with vasodilators, tranquilizers, nitrates, hypnotics, tricyclics and alcoholic beverages leads to potentiation of its antihypertensive activity.

Hypotensive and other, prescribed additionally, diuretic drugs potentiate the antihypertensive effect of capotiazide.

NSAIDs lead to a weakening of the antihypertensive effect of the drug.

Combination with potassium medicines, heparin or diuretic drugs of a potassium-sparing nature can cause hyperkalemia.

The use together with lithium drugs can increase the plasma values of lithium, which increases the likelihood of its toxic and negative symptoms.

The combination of a drug with GCS, cytostatics, immunosuppressants or allopurinol increases the likelihood of developing a suppressive effect on hematopoietic processes.

The drug is able to lower the effectiveness of oral hypoglycemic drugs.

The degree of severity, as well as the duration of exposure to muscle relaxants, can increase with combined use with Kapotiazide.

[2], [3]

Storage conditions

Kapotiazid must be kept in a dark and dry place, closed from the access of children. The temperature is within the limits of 15-25 ° C.

Shelf life

Kapotiazid can be used within 24 months from the date of manufacture of the drug.

Application for children

There is no information on the use of capotiazide in pediatrics.

Analogues

The analogues of the drug are the preparations Kaptopres, Renipril GT, Enziks and Enziks duo, and besides this Normopres, Prestarium with Perindid, Prilamid, Co-dirolton, Noliprel and Lisotonon N with Ko-Perineva.

Reviews

Kapotiziad works effectively at higher values of blood pressure, fast enough to help reduce these figures - so in their reviews they write about this drug, patients use it.