Pantogam

Pantogam has a nootropic effect.

[1], [2], [3]

Indications of the pantogama

Applies to such problems (in children from 3 years old, and in addition adults):

• disorders of a cognitive nature that develop in diseases of a neurotic type, and in addition organic trauma affecting the brain (this includes complications after neuroinfections, as well as head injury);
• extrapyramidal diseases (such as hepatolenticular dystrophy, tremor paralysis, family myoclonia, Huntington's syndrome, etc.);
• The central nervous system, which was caused by abnormalities of the atherosclerotic type that appeared in the cerebral vascular structure;
• extrapyramidal disorder (for the treatment or prevention of its development) of a hyperkinetic or akinetic nature, developing due to the use of neuroleptics;
• epilepsy, against which there is a slowing of mental functions (the drug is used in combination with anticonvulsants);
• excessively high loads of psychoemotional character, deterioration of mental performance, and in addition physical activity - to increase concentration, as well as positive effects on memory;
• disorders of urinary processes that are neurogenic in nature (such as increased frequency of urination, development of enuresis, urinary incontinence of imperative type, and also urgency);
• cerebral insufficiency in an organic form, developing against the background of schizophrenia;
• children who are older than 3 years of age should take pills to treat PEP, delay in mental (different strength of expression), and in addition speech, motor or mental development (or with their combination). In addition, it is used for different types of cerebral palsy, neurotic-like diseases (such as stuttering or ticking) and hyperkinetic symptoms (such as ADHD).

The medicine can also be prescribed to the newborn, immediately after delivery - the intake of syrup.

[4]

Release form

The release occurs in tablets with a volume of 250 or 500 mg, 50 pieces per pack, and also in syrup - in 100 ml bottles, 1 bottle per pack.

Pharmacodynamics

Pantogam has a range of effects, which is due to the presence within its structure of the neurotransmitter GABA. It directly affects the GABA (subcategory B) complex of tubules and receptors. Has nootropic and anticonvulsant properties, increases the resistance of the brain to hypoxia, and in addition to toxic effects. Inside the neurons, the drug stimulates the activity of anabolic processes, weakens motor excitability, increases physical activity along with mental capacity for work. In addition, the drug combines a moderate sedative effect together with a slight stimulating effect.

In the chronic stage of alcohol poisoning, and in addition, when refusing alcoholic beverages, the drug increases GABA metabolism. Has the ability to suppress the processes of acetylation involved in mechanisms that inactivate novocaine with sulfonamides, because of what their effect is prolonged. Prevents the pathological increase of the vesicle reflex, and in addition the strengthening of the detrusor tone.

[5], [6]

Pharmacokinetics

After taking the medicine inside, the hopenthenic acid is absorbed quickly enough from the digestive tract. The active substance penetrates through the BBB and forms the highest concentrations inside the hepatic and gastric walls, and also in the kidneys and skin.

The drug is not metabolized and excreted unchanged for 2 days. About 28.5% of the drug is excreted with feces, and another 67.5% - along with urine.

Dosing and administration

The drug in the form of tablets and syrup is used orally after eating (you need to do this after 15-30 minutes). It is recommended to take the drug before 4 pm.

Use of the drug in tablets.

The size of the recommended single dose of medicines in tablets (adults) is in the range of 250-1000 mg, and the size of the total daily dose is in the range of 1500-3000 mg.

Children older than 3 years of age should take drugs in a single dose, which is 250-500 mg; the size of a daily portion in this case is between 750-3000 mg.

Treatment often lasts within 30-120 days, but sometimes it can go up to 6 months. Repeat therapy can be performed after 3 or 6 months after the end of the previous course.

During the complex treatment of epilepsy, the daily dosage size of the drug is 750-1000 mg, which should be taken during the first year and more. To eliminate (combination therapy) extrapyramidal neuroleptic disorder requires up to 3 grams of medication for several months.

When treating (complex) hyperkinesis extrapyramidal type people with diseases of HC inherited nature should use 0.5-3 g of drug substance for up to 4 months or more.

To eliminate the effects of neuroinfection or TBI should take 250 mg of the drug 3-4 times / day.

To restore the body's workability, worsened against a background of heavy loads or asthenia, it is required to consume 250 mg of medicine three times a day.

To cure an extrapyramidal disorder caused by taking antipsychotics, adults should consume thrice a day a dose of drugs that is 0.5-1 grams. Children should drink 0.25-0.5 grams of drugs a day 3-4 times a day. Such therapy should continue within 1-3 months.

For the treatment of tics in children, it is necessary to use the drug at a dosage of 0.25-0.5 g for 3 to 4 times a day for 1-4 months.

Treatment of disorders in the urinary system - adults need to drink 0.5-1 grams of medication 2-3 times / day. Children in such cases are prescribed 250-500 mg (with the recommended daily dose ranges from 25-50 mg / kg). Such treatment usually lasts for 1-3 months.

Taking into account the age of children with different pathologies in the NA area, it is required to take 1-3 grams of Pantogam tablets. The regimen is usually implemented as follows - the dosage is increased in the first 7-12 days, and then during the next 15-40 days the maximum permissible portion of the drug is consumed, after which a slow decrease in dosage begins (duration is about 7-8 days ) until the complete withdrawal of tablets.

If the patient requires a repeat medical course, it is necessary to withstand a break of 1-3 months before him.

Use of the drug in the form of a syrup.

For adults, the size of a single serving is 0.25-1 g, and the daily size is within 1.5-3 grams.

Infants can be given a single dose of syrup at a rate of 0.25-0.5 g at birth. The daily dose will be 0.75-3 g.

Treatment lasts for 1-4 months, occasionally reaching half a year. You can re-administer the syrup after an interval of 3-6 months.

The sizes of daily portions of a syrup for the child fluctuate in various limits which are defined by its age, and also character of illness:

• infants up to 1 year - 0.5-1 g;
• children under 3 years of age - 500-1250 mg;
• age category 3-7 years - 0.75-1.5 g;
• children from 7 years old - 1-2 g.

The treatment regimen assumes an increase in the daily dosage in the period of 7-12 days, and then the use of the maximum portion for 15-40 days or more. After this, it is required to gradually reduce the dosage (for 7-8 days), up to the cancellation of drugs. This course lasts for 1-3 months (during therapy for certain diseases, the duration can reach six months or more).

During the complex treatment of epilepsy (along with anticonvulsants), it is required to take a syrup at a dose of 0.75-1 g / day. Such treatment continues in the period of 1 year and more.

In complex therapy of schizophrenia (in combination with psychotropic medications) it is required to take 0.5-3 g Pantogam per day. This course lasts for 30-90 days.

During the elimination of neuroleptic syndrome, against which extrapyramidal symptoms occur, a day should take up to 3 g of syrup. Treatment in this case lasts for several months.

To eliminate the effects of neuroinfection or CCT, it is required to take a day of 0.5-3 g of the drug.

In the treatment of hyperkinesis extrapyramidal type (people with organic diseases of the NS) it is required to consume 0.5-3 g of syrup per day. The duration of therapy is 4+ months.

The use of a syrup to restore working capacity after heavy loads or asthenia occurs according to this scheme - 3 doses per day of dosages in the range of 0.25-0.5 g.

To treat problems in children with urination, take 250-500 mg of syrup. The daily dose is 25-50 mg / kg. This course lasts for 30-90 days. Adults should take the drug 2-3 times / day, in the amount of 0.5-1 g.

If the patient needs long-term treatment, it is forbidden to use drugs that have the same effect in parallel.

[7], [8]

Use of the pantogama during pregnancy

Tablets Pantogam can not be prescribed for pregnant and lactating mothers.

Syrup can not be taken by pregnant women in the first trimester.

Contraindications

The main contraindications for the appointment of tablets: children's age is less than 3 years.

For syrup: the patient has phenylketonuria (due to the presence of aspartame in the syrup).

General contraindications: the presence of hypersensitivity to gopanthenic acid or other ingredients of the drug. In addition, it is forbidden to take drugs during severe stages of acute kidney disease.

Side effects of the pantogama

Usually, treatment with Pantogam does not cause complications.

Sometimes such adverse symptoms as allergy manifestations (rash on the skin, runny nose and conjunctivitis) are observed. With such violations, it is necessary to reduce the dosage of drugs or to completely cancel the treatment.

In addition, there were noises in the head, daytime sleepiness or sleep phase disorder. With such signs, withdrawal of therapy is often not required, and the violations quickly disappear themselves.

Overdose

Due to Pantogam intoxication, signs of side effects may be potentiated, including drowsiness, noise in the head, or sleep disorder.

To remove these disorders, symptomatic treatment is required, during which the patient is prescribed gastric lavage and taking activated charcoal.

Interactions with other drugs

With the combination of Pantogam and barbiturates, prolongation of their effect occurs.

The combination with anticonvulsants leads to a potentiation of their medicinal properties.

The drug prevents the development of adverse symptoms of neuroleptics and phenobarbital with carbamazepine.

Strengthens the action of local anesthetics (such as procaine).

The effectiveness of the drug is potentiated when combined with glycine, as well as etidronic acid.

[9], [10]

Storage conditions

Pantogs should be kept in the usual conditions for medicines. Temperature values are a maximum of 25 ° C.

[11]

Special instructions

Reviews

Pantogam in tablets is quite effective in treating various neurological disorders. Many doctors comment on it positively. Adult patients also consider the drug to be of a very high quality - 98% of them are completely satisfied with the results of the therapy and are going to meet with the need to use the medicine in the future.

Positive responses are left also by the parents giving a preparation to the children - both in tablets (to children from 3th years), and in the form of a syrup. The medicine gives a very good result.

Shelf life

Tablets Pantogam can be used for 4 years from the date of release of the drug, and syrup - for 2 years.