Benoxi

Benoxi is an ophthalmic medicine. Included in the category of local anesthetics.

Indications of the benoxine

It is used for local short-term anesthesia of the conjunctival site with the cornea:

• in the process of removing foreign objects from the conjunctiva or cornea;
• when doing gonioscopy, eye tonometry and other diagnostic procedures;
• when preparing for the implementation of retrobulbar or subconjunctival injection.

Release form

It is available in the form of a solution for eye drops, in a flacon-dropper with a volume of 10 ml. Inside a separate pack - 1 bottle with a solution.

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Pharmacodynamics

The active component of the drug is oxybuprokain hydrochloride - it is an artificial local anesthetic from the category of esters of the PABC group. The substance is a powerful superficial anesthetic with a fast-increasing effect. It has a short anesthetic effect on the treatment site (in the period of 10-20 minutes).

Medicinal doses of the substance that enter the nerve receptors block the appearance of nerve impulses and their transmission for some time. As a result, transient anesthesia develops in the dropping-in area. Benoxi does not affect the accommodation function, as well as the width of the eye pupil.

After the local anesthetic effect is completed, the pupil acquires the same sensitivity. In vitro studies, it was found that oxybuprokin has weak antibacterial properties.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption of oxybuproquin after the procedure of instillation of the solution inside the conjunctival sac is rather weak. The substance is absorbed into the systemic circulation.

In the bloodstream, the substance is immediately metabolized by plasma esterase (an ether bond ruptures), in the process of which inactive decay products are formed. The main one is 3-butoxy-4-aminobenzoic acid, which is 80% excreted through the kidneys, synthesized with glucuronic acid.

Dosing and administration

The solution must be instilled in the area of the conjunctival sac. It is required to close eyes after each drop.

When anesthetizing a site of the conjunctiva or cornea:

• to eliminate foreign objects located on the surface of the eye, it is required to instill the medicine three times (one drop) with an interval of 5 minutes;
• to remove deep-seated particles, the drug is instilled 5-10 times (1 drop) at intervals of 0.5-1 minute;
• Before performing the procedures of retrobulbar or subconjunctival injection, drop a drop three times at intervals of 5 minutes;
• before gonioscopy, eye tonometry and other procedures require a one-time injection of 1-2 drops.

Before instillation of the medicine, it is required to press slightly on the tear sack from the inside of the eye, and then, after 1 minute after the procedure, release it - this is required to reduce the systemic absorption of the solution.

Before the introduction of drops, contact lenses should be removed. Dress them when the anesthetic effect is completed.

When used in combination with Benoxi other local ophthalmic drugs, it is necessary to observe the intervals between their applications (they should be at least 5 minutes).

Use of the benoxine during pregnancy

There is no information on the safety of use of drugs for pregnant women. During this period, he is allowed to use only with the permission of the doctor, in cases where the likely benefits for a woman will exceed the possibility of the fetus having negative reactions.

There is also no data on whether the active substance passes into the mother's milk. Use the solution should be only if the doctor decides that for the mother the benefits of the medication will be higher than the risk of complications in the baby.

Contraindications

The main contraindications:

• the presence of intolerance to the active component and other elements of the drug;
• hypersensitivity to other local anesthetics from the category of esters of the PABA group or amides;
• eye infections;
• use in children younger than 2 years.

Side effects of the benoxine

The use of drops can cause the development of such side effects:

• reactions of the visual organs: after the instillation procedure, short-term burning and tingling or redness may occur. With frequent or prolonged use of drops, such abnormalities can occur: infiltration of the stromal type, swelling, keratitis of the disciform or candidal type, and also the formation of peripheral rings in the cornea, the development of habituation and damage to the epithelial cells along with the incurable superficial injury of the corneal endothelial cells. Corneal ulcers and cataracts can also occur, and the stability of tear film can also decrease. There have been reports of episodes of fibrinous iritis;
• disorders in the work of CCC: the emergence of bradycardia;
• manifestations on the part of the National Assembly: a sense of excitement, disorientation, euphoria, confusion, and also sedation, visual, hearing or speech disorders, the appearance of muscle cramps or paresthesias and loss of consciousness. In case of severe intoxication, there is a stop of the respiratory process, the appearance of convulsions and the development of a coma;
• manifestations on the part of the digestive tract: the development of vomiting, dysphagia and nausea;
• immune reactions: manifestations of allergy, including edema in the eyelids, hyperemia, pruritus, anaphylaxis, urticaria, contact-type allergy and angioedema.

Overdose

Long-term use of the drug or its use in large doses can provoke the emergence of common side effects. The total toxicity affects the work of the CCC and CNS. The following disorders develop: a feeling of irritability, excitement, disorientation, confusion or euphoria, and in addition sedation, insomnia, speech, hearing or vision disorders, as well as convulsions, nausea, paresthesia and vomiting. In addition, there are respiratory disorders, shock, coma develop, pressure decreases and cardiac arrest occurs.

Symptomatic therapy is needed to treat disorders. The medicine does not have a specific antidote. 

Interactions with other drugs

Benoxi potentiates the properties of sympathomimetics and succinylcholine, and also reduces the effectiveness of sulfonamides and β-blockers.

The drug contains a preservative - chlorhexidine diacetate, incompatible with fluorescein solution. With combined use, precipitation is observed. In addition, the drug is incompatible with mercury salts, silver nitrate and alkaline components.

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Storage conditions

Benoxi should be kept out of reach of small children. Do not freeze drops. The temperature level is not more than 25 ° C.

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Shelf life

Benoxi can be used in the period of 2 years from the date of manufacture of the medicine. In this case, after opening the vial the drug is suitable for use for a maximum of 28 days.