Olatropil

Olatropil belongs to the category of psychostimulants and neurometabolic stimulants.

Indications of the olatropila

Shown in the following cases:

• at abnormalities of the NS for elimination of vascular encephalopathy (for example, primary hypertension and atherosclerosis);
• with a chronic form of cerebrovascular insufficiency, against which there are memory disorders, problems with concentration or speech, and in addition headaches with dizziness;
• to eliminate post-stroke, alcoholic, and post-traumatic forms of encephalopathy;
• in the treatment of dementia of the senile type (among them Alzheimer's disease)
• in the treatment of psychoorganic syndromes of various origins.

Release form

Available in capsules, 10 pieces per 1 blister. Inside a separate package contains 3 blister plates.

Pharmacodynamics

Olatropyl is a combined agent containing pyracetam (pyrrolidone derivative) and GABA (aminalon). It is these substances that determine its effect on the body.

GABA is the main conductor of slowing processes inside the central nervous system. Neurometabolic effect of drugs is due to the stimulation of the GABA-ergic system, which contributes to the stabilization of the dynamics of nerve impulses. GABA also activates the energy processes inside the central nervous system, improves glucose uptake and blood supply to the brain tissue. Due to this component, the dynamics of cerebral nerve processes and concentration of attention increases, memory and thinking improve, speech abilities and motor activity are restored. The substance also has a mild psycho-stimulating effect.

The second active substance of the drug is piracetam (cyclic derivative of GABA). This nootropic substance, which affects the work of the brain - improves its cognitive functions (such as memory attention, learning and mental performance). There are several mechanisms for the effect of pyracetam on the central nervous system:

• changes the speed of movement of exciting impulses inside the brain;
• strengthens the processes of metabolism inside nerve cells;
• improves the process of microcirculation, affecting the rheological properties of the blood (it should be noted that this does not have a vasodilating effect).

Together with this, piracetam helps improve the connection between the cerebral hemispheres, as well as synaptic transmission within the neocortical structures. With prolonged use of drugs, there is an increase in mindfulness and other cognitive functions. These changes fix the EEG (expressed in the amplification of the brain rhythms of alpha and beta, and in the weakening of the delta rhythm). The substance suppresses the process of gluing together platelets and helps restore the elasticity of the erythrocyte membrane, and in addition reduces erythrocyte adhesion.

In the case of development of disorders in the brain (due to poisoning, hypoxia or ECT), piracetam is able to exert a restorative and protective effect on the body.

The combined action of both elements enhances antihypoxic and nootropic processes, increases physical efficiency and improves the body's ability to withstand stresses of varying origins. The pronounced assistance of piracetam and aminalone makes it possible to reduce the dosages of each of these substances, thereby reducing the risk of negative reactions, thereby increasing the safety of drug use.

Pharmacokinetics

Both active substances that make up the drug are quickly absorbed after oral administration. They pass through many tissues and organs, including the brain.

Excretion is carried out through the kidneys - the part is excreted in the form of decay products, and the element of piracetam is mainly excreted unchanged.

Dosing and administration

The medicine should be taken orally, before eating.

The optimal adult dose is 1 capsule 3-4 times a day. If necessary, you can gradually increase the daily dosage to 6 capsules.

Drug treatment often begins 2 weeks after the start of the therapeutic course.

The course is appointed by the attending physician and determined individually. In general, its duration is 1-2 months. If necessary, it is allowed to repeat the course - 1.5-2 months after the previous one.

[1]

Use of the olatropila during pregnancy

There is not enough information about the use of drugs in pregnant and lactating women, which is why it is illegal to use Olatropil in this period.

Contraindications

Among the contraindications:

• the presence of hypersensitivity against pyracetam or pyrrolidone derivatives, and in addition to this, relative to other elements of the drug;
• acute form of kidney failure;
• acute degree of circulatory disorder in the brain (cerebral hemorrhage);
• kidney failure at the terminal stage (CC score less than 20 ml / minute);
• Huntington's syndrome.

Side effects of the olatropila

Due to the use of the medicine, the following side effects may occur:

• organs of the National Assembly: hyperkinesia is often manifested. Insomnia can sometimes arise, or vice versa, drowsiness, ataxia, balance disorder, headache and trembling, and in addition the frequency of epileptic seizures increases;
• organs of the immune system: single manifestations of hypersensitivity, among which anaphylactic reactions;
• organs of the digestive system: single abdominal pain (also pain in the upper abdomen), diarrhea, nausea, dyspeptic manifestations, vomiting and intestinal disorders;
• subcutaneous layers and skin: dermatitis, Quincke edema, urticaria and rashes with itching develop sporadically;
• mental disorders: single appear hallucinations, a sense of anxiety, strong excitability and confusion, also develops depression;
• mammary glands and reproductive organs: the libido can be increased individually;
• Other: development of asthenia, hyperthermia, the appearance of fever or hemorrhagic diseases. In addition, the blood pressure index either increases or fluctuations occur, and weight also increases.

If any side effects occur, you must cancel the medication and consult your doctor.

Overdose

The components of Olatropil are classified as non-toxic, so there was no case of intoxication. When developing signs of psychomotor agitation as a result of an overdose, it is required to inject the patient with sedative drugs.

Taking medication in high doses can increase its side effects.

Therapy is aimed at eliminating the symptoms of the disorder: gastric lavage is performed, vomiting is induced. The medicine does not have a specific antidote. The procedure of hemodialysis is quite effective - with its help about 50-60% of the substance of pyracetam is excreted.

Interactions with other drugs

Olatropil enhances the properties of antidepressants, which is especially important for people resistant to typical / atypical antidepressants. The drug also reduces the side effects of tranquilizers, antipsychotics and hypnotic drugs.

Combined use with alcoholic beverages does not affect the serum indices of the drug. The serum level of alcohol does not change if you use 1.6 g of piracetam.

Combination with thyroid hormones (T3 + T4) can cause severe irritability, sleep disorders and a state of disorientation.

The interaction of piracetam with phenytoin, clonazepam, sodium valproate, and phenobarbital was not detected. In the case of 20 mg pyracetam per day, the level of AUC and the peak value of the above medicines in epileptics does not change.

In patients with severe thrombosis in a recurring form, piracetam in high doses (per day 9.6 g) had no effect on the dose of acetocumarol to produce an INR of 2.5-3.5. Although in the case of combined administration, there was a strong decrease in the values of the adhesion of platelets, and in addition blood and plasma viscosity, as well as the indices of fibrinogen and vWF.

The likelihood that the pharmacodynamic properties of pyracetam will change under the influence of other drugs is rather low, since 90% of the substance is excreted unchanged together with the urine.

It is also unlikely that the metabolic interaction of piracetam with drugs, the exchange of which occurs with the participation of the following isoforms of hemoprotein P450. This is known, because in vitro tests showed that at 142 and 426, and 1422 μg / ml, the effective component of Olatropyl does not affect the effectiveness of elements such as CYP1A2 with 2B6, and in addition 2C8 and 2C9 with 2C19, as well as 2D6 , 2E1 and 4A9 / 11. At a dosage of 1422 μg / ml, the component slightly inhibits the action of the CYP2A6 isoforms, as well as of the ZA4 / 5 (21% and 11%, respectively), but the K and 2 CYP isomers remain at the required level.

In the case of combination with drugs from the category of benzodiazepines (such as antiepileptic drugs and tranquilizers), and in addition to sedatives (such as barbiturates), there is a mutual increase in efficacy. When combined with benzodiazepines, each medication should be taken in medium or minimal effective dosages.

Pyridoxine hydrochloride is capable of enhancing the properties of olatropyl.

[2], [3]

Storage conditions

The medicine should be kept in a place inaccessible to small children. Temperature indicators for storage - maximum 25 ^o C.

[4]

Shelf life

Olatropil is allowed to be used in the period of 4 years from the date of release of the medicinal product.