Tablets from blood cancer

Such a concept as blood cancer implies malignant damage to the hematopoietic and lymphatic systems, bone marrow. There are three main types of oncology, for which tablets are used against blood cancer, consider them:

• Leukemia - cancer cells affect blood and bone marrow. The main symptom of the disease is the rapid accumulation of leukocytes (altered white blood cells). An increase in their number leads to the fact that the body loses its ability to fight infections and produce platelets, red blood cells.
• Lymphoma is a lesion of the lymphatic system, which is responsible for removing excess fluid from the body and the formation of immune cells. Lymphocytes interfere with the infection of the body, if they undergo a pathological change, they violate the immune system. Changed white blood cells are transformed into lymphoma cells, accumulating in tissues and lymph nodes.
• Myeloma - damage to plasma cells responsible for the production of antibodies to infectious and pathogenic stimuli. Such cancer gradually weakens the body, undermining the immune system.

The true causes of malignant degeneration are unknown, but there are a number of factors that provoke the disease. These can be genetic diseases, viruses, exposure to radiation or harmful substances, and much more.

Stages of blood cancer, taking into account the degree of penetration into organs and tissues, the presence of metastases, the size of the tumor:

1. The first is the degeneration of healthy cells into cancer cells.
2. The second - malignant cells accumulate, forming neoplasms.
3. Third - the active movement of the affected cells through the body with blood and lymph flow, the formation of metastases.
4. The fourth is metastasis in many organs and tissues. The outlook is unfavorable.

The success of treatment depends on timely diagnosis. Patients prescribe chemotherapy, antiviral drugs, antibiotics, hormones, corticosteroids and immunostimulants.

Idelalsib

A targeted inositol triphosphokinase delta inhibitor for the treatment of indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and other blood disorders. Idelilsib can be used as a monotherapy and complex treatment for diseases such as:

• Chronic lymphocytic leukemia and its relapses. Can be combined with Rituximab to treat patients who have previously undergone monotherapy with this medication.
• Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and its relapses.
• Follicular B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
• Small cell lymphocytic lymphoma.

The drug is taken at 150 mg per day, divided into several doses. The number of cycles and frequency of application is determined by the doctor, individually for each patient. Contraindicated use with intolerance of the components of the drug. Side effects are manifested by a standard set of symptoms: nausea, vomiting, headaches and dizziness, skin allergic reactions, and more. Cases of overdose have not been fixed, since the drug is still in the study mode.

Rituximab

An antineoplastic drug is a chimeric monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to the transmembrane antigen CD20. Rituximab is an antigen that is located on mature B lymphocytes and pre-B lymphocytes, but is absent on healthy plasma cells and tissues, on stem hemopoietic cells.

The active substance binds to the CD20 antigen on B-lymphocytes and causes immunological reactions associated with the dissolution of B cells. The drug increases the reactive sensitivity of B-cell lymphoma cells to chemotherapy drugs and their cytotoxic effect.

• Indications for use: CD20-positive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of low grade, recurrent, resistant to chemotherapy B-cell. Combination therapy of CD20-positive diffuse B-large-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
• The dosage is set individually for each patient and depends on the medical indications, the stage of the disease, the treatment regimen and the general condition of the hematopoiesis system.
• It is contraindicated to use with intolerance to rituximab and hypersensitivity to mouse proteins. Use during pregnancy is possible when the benefit to the mother is higher than the potential risk to the fetus. With caution, the drug is prescribed for patients with lung lesions, with the risk of developing bronchospasm, with a neutrophil count of less than 1500 / μL and platelets less than 75,000 / μl.
• Side effects arise from many organs and systems. Most often, patients experience such reactions: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, anorexia, taste disorders, headaches and dizziness, paresthesia, severe thrombocytopenia and neutropenia, leukopenia, cardiovascular disease, bone pain and muscle pain , increased sweating, dry skin, fever and chills.

Ibrutinib

Pharmacological agent used to treat malignant lesions of the hematopoietic system. Ibrutinib is a white solid, readily soluble in methanol and dimethylsulfoxide, but practically insoluble in water. The drug is a low molecular weight inhibitor of Bruton tyrosine kinase. Inhibits the proliferation of malignant cells and their survival.

When taken orally, it is absorbed quickly. The intake of food does not affect the absorption processes, but increases the concentration of ibrutinib by 2 times, in comparison with reception on an empty stomach. Binding to blood plasma proteins 97%. It is metabolized by the CYP3A4 / 5 isoform of cytochrome P450 with the formation of a dihydrodiol metabolite. It is excreted in urine and feces.

• Application: mantial cell lymphoma is refractory, relapsing, chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Used as the first line of therapy. Tablets are taken orally with water. The recommended dose for lymphoma is 560 ml 1 time per day, with chronic lymphocytic leukemia 420 mg per day.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to components, age of patients under 18 years, dialysis, severe renal dysfunction, pregnancy and breastfeeding. With special care is assigned to patients who use anticoagulants or drugs that inhibit the function of platelets.
• Side effects and symptoms of an overdose: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea / constipation, headaches and dizziness, cardiovascular disorders, skin allergic reactions, and more. There is no specific antidote, therefore symptomatic therapy and monitoring of vital functions is indicated.

Neutotinium

An experimental drug whose effectiveness was confirmed by 40% of the recovered patients suffering from various forms of blood cancer. Neylotiniv is a worthy alternative to painful chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. It has a minimum of contraindications and almost no side effects. At its cost is below the rate of stem cell transplantation, which makes the treatment of blood cancer more affordable.

Neylotiniv is the result of the development of Israeli doctors. His experimental studies were conducted in the Shiba clinic. The drug improves the well-being of patients within three months from the start of therapy, destroying the affected chromosomes that cause an elevated level of white blood cells. In the near future, the medication will receive the approval of the Israeli Ministry of Health and go to hospitals in the world.