Yellow fever vaccination

Yellow fever is common in tropical regions of Africa and South America. Since 1985, there have been 15 major outbreaks of the disease, of which 11 are in Africa. Since 1991, vaccination against yellow fever (in 24 countries in Africa and 9 - South America) has been included in the Expanded Program on Immunization. In Ukraine and Russia, yellow fever vaccination is given to people traveling to endemic countries.

Yellow fever is caused by arbovirus of group B, the source is monkeys, and the vector is mosquitoes. Yellow fever affects the kidneys, liver, spleen, bone marrow. The course is severe, often accompanied by hemorrhagic manifestations and acute renal failure with the development of uremic coma and toxic encephalitis.

Feature product

Vaccination against yellow fever live dry is a purified suspension of tissue of chicken embryos infected with the attenuated strain of 17D yellow fever virus. The product contains traces of polymyxin monomycin and meets the WHO requirements. Product: ampoule 2 and 5 doses, 10 in the package. Store at a temperature not higher than minus 20 °. Shelf life 2 years.

This vaccine is the only one that is included in the international certificate is required at check-in endemic regions.

Characteristics of the drug

The live yellow dry fever vaccination (Russia) is a purified suspension of tissue from chicken embryos infected with an attenuated strain of the 17D yellow fever virus. The drug contains traces of monomycin and polymyxin, meets the requirements of WHO. Form release: ampoules of 2 and 5 doses, 10 per pack. Store at a temperature not higher than minus 20 °. Shelf life 2 years.

This vaccine is the only one that is included in the International Certificate and is required when traveling to endemic regions.

[6], [7], [8], [9],

Dosage and administration

Yellow fever vaccine is intended for immunization of children (from the age of 9 months) and adults. Vaccination of children 4-9 months. Carried out at high risk of infection. After a course of immunosuppressive therapy, the vaccine is administered no earlier than 1 year.

A yellow fever vaccine (0.5 ml) is injected once subcutaneously in the subscapular region no later than 10 days before departure to the endemic area. A single vaccination after 10 days causes the development of immunity lasting 10-15 years in almost 100% of immunized. Re-vaccination is carried out in 10 years.

[10], [11], [12], [13], [14],

Reactions, complications and contraindications for yellow fever vaccination

After 12-24 hours after vaccination, hyperemia and edema (up to 2.5 cm) lasting 2-3 days may develop at the injection site. After 4-10 days. 5-10% of the vaccinated fever rises to 38.5 °, there is chills, malaise, headache, dizziness within 2-3 days. In rare cases, complications of an allergic nature are possible, in children isolated cases of encephalitis are described.

Contraindications, in addition to common to other live vaccines, are allergic to eggs, antibiotics. Predicted to such reactions, oral anti-histamine preparations are prescribed for 6 days on the day of vaccination.

For persons over 15, yellow fever vaccination can be combined with cholera vaccination if necessary, but the immune response can be reduced. For children under 14 years old, the interval after a previous vaccination against cholera should be at least 3 weeks, after other vaccines - at least 2 months. When a vaccine is administered to a woman with an undiagnosed pregnancy, she is not interrupted (out of 81 known cases, a fetus infection was detected at 1, the fetus did not suffer even once).

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5],

The reactions, complications for vaccination against yellow fever

Within 12-24 hours after vaccination at the injection site may develop redness and swelling (up to 2.5 cm) lasting 2-3 days. After 4-10 days. 5-10% of vaccinated temperature rises to 38.5 °, there is a fever, malaise, headache, dizziness within 2-3 days. In rare cases, possible allergic complications in children are described isolated cases of encephalitis.