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Ointment with antibiotic
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Indications for the use of ointments with antibiotics
Ointments with antimicrobial components are used in the treatment of wounds and other affected or infected surfaces. Such ointments are used with a therapeutic or prophylactic purpose with the following pathologies:
- infectious diseases of the organs of vision (bacterial conjunctivitis, keratitis, blepharitis, trachoma, infection of the lacrimal canal or sac, cornea of the eye);
- pustular skin pathologies (furuncles, carbuncles, acne), trophic erosion, eczema, pressure sores, burn or cold skin lesions, animal and insect bites, erysipelas;
- acute otitis externa;
- bacterial complications after ophthalmic operations or eye injuries.
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of ointments with antibiotic
As a rule, the main antibacterial ointments have a wide range of effects on bacterial strains. They adversely affect aerobic and anaerobic gram-negative and gram-positive microbes, most streptococci and staphylococci. Antibiotics can affect the metabolic processes in bacterial DNA, inhibit the gyre - the enzyme DNA, which is found in bacterial cells and controls the structure and functionality of DNA. Antimicrobial activity may be due to exposure to RNA microbes and the production of bacterial proteins.
Antibacterial drugs are selectively effective against intestinal, typhoid and dysentery bacillus, protea.
The active substances of antimicrobial ointments do not penetrate enough through the skin tissues, so do not notice its resorptive effect. The duration of therapeutic effectiveness after a single application can persist for 10 hours, which determines the optimal frequency of use of drugs 2-3 times a day. The daily amount of therapeutic applications also depends on the stage of pathology and the severity of tissue damage.
Dosing and Administration
Antibiotic ointments are used in small amounts, which, with eye diseases, are placed in the area of the lower eyelid of the diseased eye 3-4 times a day. When skin pathologies ointment is applied to the affected area of the skin in a single dosage up to 1 g, it is possible to lay the ointment under the compression bandage.
The duration of the drug is developed by the doctor on an individual basis: as a rule, the severity and extent of the lesion, the rate of tissue regeneration are taken into account.
[12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17]
Names of ointments containing antibiotics
Tetracycline ointment is a common ointment with an antibiotic against tissue inflammation. It exists in the form of ophthalmic and external ointments (1-3%). The antibacterial action of ciprofloxacin can stop the multiplication of pathogens in eye diseases, in the treatment of pustular skin diseases and complicated ulcers and eczema. It is positioned as an excellent ointment from barley with an antibiotic. The agent is applied several times a day until the disease is completely cured.
Terramycin ointment - contains oxytetracycline, close in properties with tetracycline ointment. Suppresses the development of a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative microbes, is used in the treatment of infected wounds, including traumatic and surgical (abrasions, scratches, punctures). A special feature of the drug is the ability to cumulate its effects within a week from the moment of a single application.
Ointment erythromycin - macrolide antibacterial ointment, which is used in the treatment of infectious lesions of the eyes, skin and mucous membranes, decubitus and trophism (feeding) of tissues, burns. The drug has virtually no adverse effects, it can be used in elderly and weakened patients.
Polymyxin ointment (Polymyxin M sulfate) is an antibacterial ointment that suppresses the growth of intestinal and dysenteric bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. When applied externally, it has no toxic effect. It is not used to treat protea, mycobacteria and fungal infections. This ointment is usually prescribed as a complex therapy with other antimicrobial preparations of internal use. The duration of treatment is determined individually and is usually 7-10 days.
Levomekol ointment is an ointment with an antibiotic for wounds, trophic ulcers, pustular inflammatory skin diseases. Can be used for burn lesions of II or III degree. Levomekol combines the action of the antibacterial agent chloramphenicol and immunostimulant methyluracil, which allows for more complex treatment of pathology. Ointment is impregnated with sterile wipes, which are then injected into the pre-cleaned wound, once a day. Long-term use of the drug is not recommended due to the possibility of absorption of the drug into the blood.
Bactroban - ointment in the nose with antibiotic, has significant antimicrobial activity in relation to staphylococcal flora, in particular, to methicillin-resistant strains. The main component is mupirocin, an antibacterial agent of a wide range of effects. An ointment is used to treat infectious pathologies of the nasal cavity. Ointment is injected into the cleared nasal passages 2 times a day, avoiding contact with the eye mucosa. The duration of therapy is on average 5-7 days.
Gentaksan is an antibiotic ointment for wound healing, various genesis and location, including infected surgical wounds (suppuration, abscesses). Gentaksan has well proven itself as an effective therapeutic agent for burns, bedsores, regeneration processes against the background of immunodeficient conditions, radiation sickness, metabolic disorders. The drug is applied under the bandage 1-2 times a day, gradually reducing the dosage. Single application allows the application of 10-12 g of ointment.
Oflokain is an antibiotic ointment for the skin, combines the action of the antimicrobial fluoroquinolone drug ofloxacin and the local anesthetic of lidocaine. Oflokain is used to treat purulent and inflammatory skin diseases, to prevent putrefactive processes in wounds, trophic disorders in the skin. The agent is applied 1-2 times a day up to 2 times a week, depending on the clinical indications. The dosage of the drug is determined by the doctor, depending on the degree of skin damage and the presence of a purulent discharge.
Baneocin - a therapeutic ointment from boils with antibiotic. Ointment contains a combination of a pair of antibiotics bacitracin and banercine, which have different antimicrobial activity and complementary each other. The drug is effective in the treatment of impetigo, furunculosis, carbunculosis, folliculitis, ulcers of sweat and sebaceous glands, pyoderma. Baneocin is also used as an antibiotic ointment for children: as a preventive tool for infectious navel lesions, as well as for infection of the skin of a child due to non-compliance with the rules of child hygiene. In pediatrics, ointment can be used to treat the same diseases as in adult patients.
"Fastin" - is used as an ointment with antibiotics and antiseptics for the treatment of recent burns, purulent inflammatory lesions of the skin. Contains in its composition an antimicrobial preparation of synthomycin and antiseptic furacilin. The agent is applied to sterile wipes and applied to the affected skin surface. The dressing changes after 6-7 days, according to the indications.
Levosin is the best antibiotic ointment used in the treatment of purulent process in wounds at the first stage of infection. Contains antibacterial drug levomitsetin, anti-inflammatory sulfadimethoxin, immunostimulator methyluracil and anesthetic trimecaine. Thanks to the combination of these drugs, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and analgesic action of the ointment is achieved. The medium is impregnated with sterile wipes or turuns, which are then injected into the wound or applied to the wound surface; sometimes apply the introduction of the drug with a syringe directly into the purulent cavity, pre-heating the ointment to the temperature of the human body.
Metrogil is an effective gel ointment for acne with antibiotics, a preparation of imidazole. It has antiprotozoal and antimicrobic action, it is effective for acne, in particular, for children at the stage of puberty. Another application of the ointment is the treatment of anal cracks in hemorrhoids, the treatment of decubitus, ulcer pathologies in diabetes mellitus or varicose veins of the lower extremities. The agent is applied in a thin layer in the mornings and at night, gently rubbing into the affected area of the skin.
Clenzite C - is used as an external preparation for the treatment of acne eruptions. Active substance - adapalene - normalizes the processes of keratinization of the skin, prevents the formation of microcosmodes. The product is applied exclusively to clean, undamaged skin, which does not contain wounds and scratches, 1-2 times a day. Duration and treatment regimen is prescribed by a dermatologist according to indications, standard treatment can last up to 2 months. During the period of therapy, the drug should refrain from exposure to sunlight on the skin being treated.
Isotrexin is an antibacterial gel ointment containing isotretinoin and erythromycin. The drug is prescribed for drug therapy of inflammatory and non-inflammatory forms of acne (youthful acne). Do not use in pregnant women and children. The drug inhibits the activity of the sebaceous glands, reduces the severity of the inflammatory process. Ointment can be applied under make-up, 1-2 times a day. The course of therapy can last up to 2 months.
Dalatsin - ointment-derivative antibiotic linkomycin, is used in gynecology for the treatment of infectious vaginitis. The drug acts on gram-positive cocci, mycoplasma, actinomycetes and anaerobic non-spore-forming bacteria. Ointment is usually inserted into the vagina with the application method, a single amount of 5 g. The duration of therapy is 3 days. The possibility of using the ointment during pregnancy is decided by the doctor on individual indications.
Fusiderm is an antibacterial ointment used for paronychia, erythrasis, rosacea, sycosis, infectious dermatitis. The active substance is fusidic acid, which is capable of inhibiting the synthesis of proteins of bacterial cells. In small doses, the ointment acts bacteriostatically, and in large doses it has bactericidal action. It shows a high activity in relation to corynebacteria, meningococci, staphylococci. Ointment Fusiderm B - a similar drug with the addition of betamethasone, which enhances the anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effect of the drug. The agent is used every 8 hours for 1-2 weeks.
Sanguirythrin - 1% ointment with an antibiotic against streptoderma, pyoderma, dermatomycosis lesions, periodontal and aphthous stomatitis. It is active against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeast-like and mycelial fungi. Liniment is used 1-2 times a day for 1-2 days.
Synthomycin - ointment with an antibiotic against staphylococcus, in the spectrum of action has no difference from levomycetin, refers to antimicrobial and antiparasitic drugs. In the treatment of wounds, the ointment is applied a thin layer once a day; when burn therapy is used once for 2-3 days; with skin infection ointment applied without bandage up to 2 times a day. The dosage of the drug is determined by the doctor depending on the size of the affected surface.
Neomycin, neosporin - bactericidal eye ointments with antibiotics, are used for conjunctivitis, inflammation of the cornea of the eye, and other eye microbial infections. Single dose of 0.5% ointment should not be more than 30-50g, and 2% of the ointment - no more than 10g; the maximum daily dose is 100g and 20g, respectively.
Oxycort - a hormonal ointment with an antibiotic, contains hydrocortisone (a hormone of the adrenal cortex) and oxytetracycline (tetracycline antibiotic). Complex preparation with anti-inflammatory, antiallergic and bactericidal action. This ointment is used in the treatment of chronic purulent infections of the skin, neuroallergic lesions, contact dermatoses, erysipelas, radiotherapeutic skin changes.
Akriderm Genta - cream ointment, combining in its composition glucocorticosteroid betamethasone and aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamycin. The action of the drug is aimed at eliminating signs of inflammation, allergy, infection, itching and swelling of the tissues of the skin. It is actively used in the treatment of atopic, allergic and simple dermatitis (including secondarily infected), eczematous and psoriatic manifestations, simple depriving, skin reaction to ultraviolet radiation. The duration of ointment treatment is usually 3-4 weeks.
Pimafukort - antibacterial glucocorticoid ointment, which is a complex of active substances natamycin, neomycin and hydrocortisone. Combines antimicrobial, antifungal, antipruritic and antibacterial action: inhibits the development of staphylococcal, enterococcal and protozoal infections. Ointment can be used for superficial infectious otomycosis and dermatosis (including fungal and pustular). The drug can be used in childhood, starting with 1 year.
Use of ointments with an antibiotic during pregnancy
In connection with the practical absence of the resorptive effect of antibacterial ointments, their use during pregnancy is allowed. However, the duration of use of such dosage forms should be short-term, with the use of small areas of skin surfaces. The use of any medications, including ointments, during the period of gestation should be agreed with the doctor.
Contraindications to the use of ointments with antibiotics
The main contraindication to the use of antibiotic ointments is the predisposition of the patient's body to allergic manifestations in response to any of the components of the drug substance. The likelihood of hypersensitivity to antimicrobial drugs threatens the development of serious complications, in particular, anaphylactic reaction and angioedema. With caution prescribe antibacterial ointments for children up to 8 years of age.
Do not prescribe antibacterial ointments with cutaneous tuberculosis, malignant formations and precancerous skin conditions, mycoses, viral skin lesions (herpetic rashes, chicken pox).
Side effects of ointments with antibiotics
Local application of the drug significantly reduces the possibility of developing side effects, since the absorption of a drug substance into the blood is negligible. Probably the development of local allergic manifestations in the presence of an increased sensitivity of the body to antibiotics. This can manifest as a papular or erythematous rash, urticaria, hypersensitivity of individual skin patches to ultraviolet rays (excessive sunburn). If ointments are used in the eye area, it is possible to form conjunctivitis of allergic etiology, eyelid hyperemia, lachrymation. With the development of such adverse events, the use of the drug is recommended to be discontinued.
Overdose
Cases of overdose with topical agents are unlikely. If there are suspicious symptoms in the form of nausea, dyspeptic disorders, skin manifestations, symptoms of allergy, you should definitely stop using the ointment and consult a doctor for advice.
There were no cases of addiction to the drugs.
Interactions of ointments with antibiotics with other drugs
Clinically important interaction of antibiotic ointments with other medicinal substances was not observed.
Conditions for storing ointments with antibiotics
Antibacterial ointments should be stored in a dark place at a temperature of 20-24 C. Do not heat the drug and freeze it, protect it from external damage. Preparations should be stored in places difficult for children.
Shelf life of ointments from 2 to 3 years, after the opening of the package or tube, the drug should be used within two months.
Every year, only in our country millions of patients with wounds, purulent processes, trophic ulcers are registered. An antibiotic ointment makes local wound healing more effective and successful, significantly reducing the length of stay of patients under hospital conditions.
Attention!
To simplify the perception of information, this instruction for use of the drug "Ointment with antibiotic" translated and presented in a special form on the basis of the official instructions for medical use of the drug. Before use read the annotation that came directly to medicines.
Description provided for informational purposes and is not a guide to self-healing. The need for this drug, the purpose of the treatment regimen, methods and dose of the drug is determined solely by the attending physician. Self-medication is dangerous for your health.