Yarina

The oral contraceptive Yarina is aimed at preventing the egg from maturing and allowing it to leave the follicle. In addition, the components of the contraceptive make the mucous plug in the cervix more dense and uniform, which prevents sperm from penetrating into its cavity. The endometrium also becomes thinner, which prevents the fertilized egg from attaching to the uterine cavity.

Indications Yarina

Indications for the use of Yarin are the same as for other oral contraceptives - prevention of unwanted pregnancy. Oral contraceptives are the most effective means of helping to prevent pregnancy. Oral contraceptives contain hormones similar to female hormones - estrogen and progesterone.

Despite the absence of ovulation, the menstrual cycle does not change, but even becomes more regular and painless, and if necessary, after consulting with a doctor, you can postpone the expected critical days with the help of oral contraceptives.

Oral contraceptives are also used as a treatment for some forms of acne. Taking Yarin also reduces the risk of developing malignant tumors of the ovaries, uterus, colon, and reduces the risk of developing pelvic organs.

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Release form

Release form Yarina - film-coated tablets in blisters of 21 pieces in cardboard boxes of 1 and 3 blisters. Yarina refers to monophasic oral contraceptives, each tablet of the package contains a single dose of hormones, the main active ingredients are ethinyl estradiol (0.03 mg) and drospirenone (3.00 mg).

The complete composition of one tablet includes:

• ethinyl estradiol 0.03 mg,
• drospirenone 3.00 mg.
• lactose monohydrate;
• corn starch;
• pregelatinized corn starch;
• magnesium stearate;
• povidone k25.

Also, Yarina Plus is available in pharmacies. The only difference from the classic Yarina is the presence of an additional component - calcium levomefolate. This is one of the active, easily digestible forms of folic acid (vitamin B9).

Folic acid and folates are especially necessary for a woman's body during pregnancy, when the nervous system of the fetus is being formed, as well as during breastfeeding. It is at this stage that folate deficiency anemia can be observed. Yarina Plus is intended for women who have recently given birth, who are protecting themselves from unwanted pregnancy, as well as women who are planning a pregnancy in the future after stopping contraceptives. Apart from the above-mentioned compound, the drugs Yarina and Yarina Plus do not differ from each other in any other way. Also, it is worth remembering that the component levomefolate can reduce the effectiveness of phenytoin and methotrexate.

Pharmacodynamics

The pharmacodynamics of the drug Yarina is the effect of estrogen-gestagen hormones on the woman's body as a contraceptive drug. The contraceptive effect of the drug is the suppressive effect on the ovulation process and the change in the structure of the mucous secretion of the cervix, as a result of which it becomes denser and prevents the penetration of sperm into the cervix. With regular systematic intake, the probability of unwanted pregnancy is 1 case per 100 women, of course, with improper use, non-systemic intake, the probability of unwanted pregnancy may increase.

Also, hormones in combined oral contraceptives can affect the reproductive system as a whole, stabilizing the menstrual cycle, making it less painful and more regular. The percentage of blood loss decreases, which minimizes the risk of anemia, and it also helps reduce the risk of developing malignant tumors of the endometrium and ovaries.

Drospirenone, which is part of Yarin, helps to reduce body weight, normalizes water-salt metabolism in the body, which prevents the development of edema. Also, thanks to the action of drospirenone, the condition of the skin and hair is normalized - they become less oily and the manifestation of acne decreases, and with prolonged use, acne disappears completely.

In its action, drospirenone is an analogue of natural progesterone, which is naturally produced in the female body. This fact should be taken into account by women with hormone-dependent fluid retention in the body, women with acne and seborrhea.

Pharmacokinetics

The pharmacokinetics of Yarin consists of the body's reaction to the main active components in the drug.

Drospirenone is almost immediately completely absorbed, and its concentration in the blood serum reaches a concentration of 37 ng / ml after 1-2 hours. Food intake does not affect the percentage of bioavailability of the hormone. In the blood, drospirenone combines with serum albumin, but does not bind to globulins that bind sex hormones and CSH hormones. Only 3-5% of the total dose of hormones are in the blood in a free state. After administration, drospirenone disintegrates completely in the body, in the plasma it is in the form of acidic forms. It is excreted from the body in 2 phases, drospirenone is completely excreted from the body after 31 hours - through the gastrointestinal tract, with urine.

Ethinyl estradiol is absorbed completely and very quickly when taken orally, the required concentration in the blood is achieved 1-2 hours after administration. Bioavailability is approximately 45%, but when the drug is taken with food, bioavailability may decrease by 25%. Ethinyl estradiol binds to blood albumins by 98%, only 2% is in a free state. Metabolism of the compound occurs in the liver and small intestine. It is excreted in the form of metabolites by the urinary system and through the gastrointestinal tract within 24 hours.

Ethnicity also does not affect the pharmacokinetics of drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol in the female body.

Dosing and administration

The method of administration and dosage of the drug Yarina are prescribed individually (in some cases), for contraception purposes, daily use of the drug is indicated at 1 tablet. The continuous course of administration is 21 days.

The tablets should be taken according to the order written on the package, daily and at exactly the same time. Each subsequent package should be taken only after a 7-day break. During this seven-week period, bleeding similar to a normal menstruation usually occurs. This condition usually occurs on the second or third day after finishing taking the last tablet and can last until the beginning of the next cycle of taking. Despite the bleeding, taking the next cycle of tablets should be started on the 8th day, as indicated in the instructions.

If you have not taken other oral contraceptives before, you can take Yarina on the first day of your period. It is also permissible to take contraceptives on the 2nd-5th day of your period, but in this case you must use additional contraceptives (a condom, a vaginal ring) for all seven days of taking contraceptives from the first box.

When replacing combined contraceptives with Yarina, it is started on the day after the main oral contraceptive is discontinued. When changing the vaginal ring or switching from a transdermal patch to an oral contraceptive, Yarina should be taken from the first day of discontinuation.

Yarina should be taken after childbirth only after the menstrual cycle has become established. In the first 7 days, you should also use a condom or vaginal ring.

To delay the onset of menstruation, the intake of pills should be continued as soon as the first pack is finished, without a seven-day break. Contraceptives from pack #2 should be taken for as long as the woman herself wishes. It is possible to resume taking pills from pack #1 only after a break of 7 days.

Before switching to other oral contraceptives, you should consult a gynecologist to choose the most suitable drug that will not harm the reproductive system and the body as a whole.

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Use Yarina during pregnancy

The use of Yarin during pregnancy is unacceptable, as it can cause irreparable harm to the health of both the woman and the fetus. In general, with the correct systematic use of Yarin, pregnancy occurs in exceptional cases. The cause of pregnancy may be an error in the scheme of taking the drug in the previous month, and pregnancy could well have occurred during the seven-day break before the start of a new course.

If pregnancy does occur while taking Yarina and this fact is confirmed, then the first thing you need to do is stop taking the drug at this stage and in the future. And also the first thing you need to do is consult a gynecologist. In the early stages, the hormones included in the drug Yarina will not harm the small organism, so there is no need to terminate the pregnancy. It is best to start taking folic acid or special vitamin complexes that include it as soon as the pregnancy is confirmed.

Using Yarin during pregnancy does not make sense, since pregnancy has already occurred, and long-term use as such can lead to a violation of the woman's hormonal balance, which will affect her overall health.

Contraindications

There are contraindications to the use of Yarin if complications develop after taking the drug or if the following diseases are present:

• arterial and venous thrombosis at the time of admission or in the medical history;
• conditions that may lead to the development of thrombosis – cerebrovascular accidents, angina pectoris;
• recorded cases of migraine with focal neurological symptoms;
• recording in the medical history of diabetes mellitus and associated complications of the cardiovascular system;
• obvious risk factors for the development of venous and arterial thrombosis: heart valve disease, atrial fibrillation, cerebral vascular pathologies, coronary arteries, arterial hypertension, previous major surgeries, smoking and age over 35;
• some forms of pancreatitis in the anamnesis and in the acute stage;
• severe liver pathologies;
• benign and malignant liver tumors;
• severe renal failure and acute period;
• vaginal bleeding of unknown etiology;
• pregnancy;
• breastfeeding period;
• hypersensitivity to some components of the drug;
• early postpartum period;
• pathologies that appeared or worsened after taking hormonal contraceptives.

Always, before deciding whether or not to use oral contraceptives, it is necessary to assess the possible degree of risk in relation to the expected benefit strictly on an individual basis and only after a preliminary consultation with a gynecologist.

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Side effects Yarina

Side effects of Yarin manifest themselves mainly as irregular bleeding (in the form of breakthrough bleeding and spotting), often in the first months of use.

In addition, after taking oral combined contraceptives, other side effects may be observed not only from the reproductive system, but also from other systems, including, for example:

• from the digestive system, side effects include nausea, abdominal pain, and in rare cases, vomiting, indigestion, and diarrhea;
• from the reproductive system, side effects manifest as coarsening and pain in the chest, the mammary glands are painful to the touch, in rare cases - hypertrophic changes in the mammary glands, discharge from the vagina and mammary glands;
• from the nervous system, side effects make themselves known through headaches, mood changes, apathy, sometimes decreased sexual desire, migraines;
• from the visual system - a burning sensation in the eyeballs;
• Sometimes a rash may appear, erythema nodosum, erythema multiforme, weight gain, swelling may occur.

If any of the above side effects occur, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible to provide the necessary assistance depending on the severity and, if necessary, select another drug.

Overdose

An overdose of Yarina may occur if it is used as an emergency contraceptive or if more than 2 tablets are taken at a time. In this case, nausea, vomiting, vomiting, vaginal discharge with blood, metrorrhagia (observed in young women of childbearing age) may be observed. Vaginal bleeding is a consequence of excess ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone in the blood. Other components of the pills do not have a toxic effect on the body.

There is no special antidote in this case, so treatment is prescribed based on the symptoms that appear. In case of an overdose of the drug, you should also consult a gynecologist, since an artificial sharp change in hormonal levels can cause irreparable harm to the female reproductive system, which in the future can lead to ovulation disorders and, as a consequence, infertility.

If for one reason or another there were omissions in use for 2 or more days, then in no case should you take more than 2 Yarina dragees at a time. In such a situation, it is better to use additional barrier contraceptives - this will not cause such irreparable harm to the hormonal background and reproductive system of a woman.

Interactions with other drugs

Interaction of Yarin with other drugs sometimes leads to breakthrough uterine bleeding, as well as a decrease in the reliability of the contraceptive. When using drugs based on phenytoin, barbiturates, primidone, carbamazepine, rifampicin, oscarbazepime, topiramate, felbamate, griseofulvin, St. John's wort, clearance of sex hormones occurs. Ritonavir and Nevirapine also affect metabolic processes in the liver.

Also, the use of antibiotics of the penicillin and tetracycline type reduces the efficiency of estrogen absorption in the small intestine, which leads to a decrease in the concentration of ethinyl estradiol. In the process of taking drugs that affect liver enzymes, it is necessary to additionally use barrier contraceptives for 28 days after cancellation.

When taking Yarin and antibiotics at the same time, as well as after their cancellation within 7 days after completing the course of antibacterial drugs, you should also use barrier contraceptives.

The effectiveness of calcium levomefolate may be reduced when used with methotrexate, trimethoprim, sulfasalazine, triamterene, antiepileptic drugs (carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, valproic acid).

Before taking any medications on your own while taking Yarina, you should consult with your doctor or gynecologist.

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Storage conditions

Storage conditions for Yarina are the same as for most other hormonal contraceptives. The storage temperature should not exceed 25 degrees, and the drug should be stored out of reach of children.

Shelf life

The shelf life of the drug Yarina is 3 years. After the expiration date, it is strictly contraindicated to take Yarina internally.