Vibramycin D

Vibramycin d is a drug from the category of tetracyclines. It is an antimicrobial drug with potent bacteriostatic activity; it is used for infections associated with the action of microbes sensitive to tetracyclines.

The antimicrobial effect of the drug is provided by its ability to suppress protein binding processes. [1]

The drug has a wide range of influence against gram-positive and negative microorganisms, and in addition to this, some other bacteria pathogenic for humans. [2]

Indications Vibramycin D

It is used for infections provoked by the activity of gram-negative and positive strains, including:

• lesions of the lower part of the respiratory tract associated with the influence of streptococci, Klebsiella, haemophilus influenzae and mycoplasma (bronchitis, pneumonia or sinusitis);
• infections of the urinary tract (caused by the action of streptococci, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli and enterobacteria);
• STIs provoked by the influence of gonococci, mycoplasmas, chlamydia, ureaplasma and soft chancre (among them also infections in the rectal area) (mycoplasmosis, gonorrhea with urethritis (also its non-gonococcal forms), syphilis, and in addition to this granuloma of venereal and inguinal nature);
• acne and purulent lesions of subcutaneous tissues and epidermis (among them, eczema of the infected type, abscess, impetigo, furunculosis, epidermal rashes, burns of an infected nature, as well as wound lesions of the postoperative and infected type). [3]

It is used for infections associated with bacteria that are sensitive to tetracyclines:

• ophthalmic lesions provoked by gonococci, staphylococci and haemophilus influenzae;
• rickettsial infections (PSH, coxiellosis, a subcategory of typhus, and besides this, tick fever and endocarditis provoked by the activity of Coxiella);
• other lesions (cholera, psittacosis, brucellosis (in combination with streptomycin), relapsing fever of an epidemic nature, tick-borne spirochetosis, bubonic plague, tularemia, Whitmore's disease, tropical malaria and the active phase of amebiasis affecting the intestine (together with amoebicide)).

Can be used as an alternative for myonecrosis, leptospirosis or tetanus.

It is prescribed to prevent the development of malaria, tsutsugamushi, leptospirosis and traveler's diarrhea.

Release form

The drug is produced in tablets - 10 pieces inside the cell plate; inside the pack - 1 such plate.

Pharmacokinetics

Tetracyclines are absorbed without complications and participate in intraplasmic protein synthesis. They accumulate inside the liver and bile, and then are excreted in their bioactive state in large volumes with feces and urine.

Doxycycline is almost completely absorbed when taken orally. Tests show that the absorption of doxycycline differs from other tetracyclines - it is not affected by ingestion with food (also with milk). 

With the introduction of a 0.2 g portion, the serum Cmax values of doxycycline in volunteers averaged 2.6 μg / ml after 2 hours, and then decreased to 1.45 μg / ml by the expiration of 24 hours.

Doxycycline is a highly lipophilic component with a low affinity for Ca. Has a high stability inside the blood plasma; is not converted during metabolic processes into epi-anhydroforms. [4]

Dosing and administration

The selection of the daily dosage of the medication is carried out taking into account the intensity of the pathology, as well as the type of infection. The medicine is taken orally - you need to dissolve the tablet in a small amount of liquid, thus forming a suspension.

The substance should be used at least 60 minutes before bedtime or with food to prevent irritation in the esophagus region.

On average, an adult is prescribed the following portions of drugs:

• the active stage of infection is 0.2 g per day (if the pathology is not severe); after 2 days, the portion can be reduced to 0.1 g (used immediately or for 2 applications with a 12-hour break);
• in the case of acne - 0.05 g per day for a period of 6-12 weeks;
• sexual infections - 0.1 g per day for a period of 7 days; in the case of epididymo-orchitis - for 10 days, 0.1 g 2 times a day;
• in the case of syphilis (not in pregnant women) - 0.2 g, 2 times a day, within 14 days;
• with KVT or recurrent typhoid fever - 1-time intake of 0.1-0.2 g;
• during malaria - once a day, 0.2 g, for 7 days.

To prevent malaria, they consume 0.1 g per day, starting 2 days before traveling to a dangerous area. Such therapy should last within 1 month after visiting a dangerous area.

The use of drugs is complemented by the administration of drugs from the schizonticide subcategory (for example, quinine).

To prevent such violations:

• tsutsugamushi - 1-time use of 0.2 g of the substance;
• traveler's diarrhea - 0.2 g, once a day, the entire period of stay;
• leptospirosis - 0.2 g per week, as well as 1 time before leaving.

Elderly people and those with impaired renal / liver function need to reduce the dose of the medication.

• Application for children

Do not use in pediatrics (under 12 years of age).

Use Vibramycin D during pregnancy

For the period of drug therapy, breastfeeding must be abandoned.

Contraindications

It is contraindicated to prescribe to persons with hypersensitivity (allergy) in relation to any of the elements of the drug.

Side effects Vibramycin D

Among the side signs:

• nausea, indigestion, heartburn, pancreatitis, and vomiting;
• decreased blood pressure, dyspnea, tachycardia, active phase of lupus and anaphylaxis;
• dizziness or drowsiness;
• allergy symptoms, including urticaria;
• vaginal infection (candidiasis);
• thrombocytopenia or neutropenia, hemolytic type of anemia and eosinophilia;
• weakening of appetite or porphyria;
• hot flashes or ear ringing;
• insufficiency of liver function, jaundice, hepatitis and hepatotoxic manifestations;
• erythema polyform, rash and TEN;
• myalgia or arthralgia.
• discoloration of milk teeth [5]

Overdose

Poisoning develops only sporadically.

If disorders appear, gastric lavage should be performed and the use of enterosorbents should be prescribed. The dialysis procedure will be ineffective.

Interactions with other drugs

The absorption of doxycycline can be weakened in the case of a combination with aluminum-, magnesium- or calcium-containing antacids, as well as other drugs that contain these cations; in addition, such an effect is observed with the introduction of Fe or bismuth salts, as well as zinc, into substances. It is necessary to use doxycycline and these funds with the maximum possible time interval between doses.

Bacteriostatic drugs can alter the bactericidal activity of penicillin, which is why the drug is not used in conjunction with penicillin.

There is information regarding PT prolongation in individuals who have used doxycycline with warfarin.

Tetracyclines weaken the effect of plasma prothrombin, which may require a reduction in the portion of anticoagulants.

The use of drugs in combination with carbamazepine, barbiturates and phenytoin may cause a decrease in the half-life of doxycycline. In this regard, it may be necessary to increase the daily dosage of Vibramycin D.

Alcoholic beverages may decrease the half-life of doxycycline.

There is information about the development of breakthrough bleeding and pregnancy in the case of a combination of tetracyclines with oral contraception.

Doxycycline is able to increase the plasma values of cyclosporine. Therefore, the introduction of these drugs together is allowed only under medical supervision.

There is evidence of the development of nephrotoxic effects with a fatal outcome in the case of a combination of tetracyclines with methoxyflurane.

It is necessary to abandon the combined use of isotretinoin or other systemic retinoids with Vibramycin D. The administration of each of these components was separately associated with a benign increase in ICP (cerebral pseudotumor).

When using the drug, there may be a false increase in urinary catecholamines, due to interactions with fluorescence diagnostics.

Storage conditions

Vibramycin d must be stored at temperatures within the 25 ° C mark.

Shelf life

Vibramycin D can be used within a 4-year term from the date of manufacture of the pharmaceutical product.

Analogs

The analogs of the drug are the substances Doxibene with Doxa-M-Ratiopharm and Unidox Solutab with Doxycycline.