Ventolin

It is used for the treatment of asthma, which has a chronic bronchitis, and in addition COPD, complicated by curable obstruction of the respiratory ducts.

Indications Ventolina

It is used for the treatment of asthma, which has a chronic bronchitis, and in addition COPD, complicated by curable obstruction of the respiratory ducts.

[1]

Release form

The release of the medication is realized in the form of an inhalation solution (nebulas), an aerosol, and also it is produced in the form of syrup and tablets.

[2], [3]

Pharmacodynamics

The medication is used to prevent the development of bronchial spasms. It is a bronchodilator; more precisely, selective β-2-adrenomimetic.

The drug increases pulmonary capacity with mucociliary clearance, and in addition activates the function of the ciliated epithelium. Also, Ventolin helps to improve mucus secretion, has a vasodilating effect on the coronary arteries and reduces the potassium levels inside the body.

The drug has lipolytic and antidiabetic properties, affects the processes of glycogenolysis and insulin secretion, and in addition increases the likelihood of developing acidosis.

[4], [5]

Pharmacokinetics

The therapeutic effect develops quickly enough - almost 5 minutes after using drugs (maximum - after a period of 0.5-1.5 hours). The duration of the medication is approximately 5 hours.

Approximately 10-20% of the substance, salbutamol after penetration penetrates into the lower part of the respiratory ducts. The drug is absorbed into the blood with the lung tissue, but it does not undergo cleavage. The remainder of the active element remains inside the inhaler or in the area of the oropharynx, from which it is swallowed and further subjected to hepatic passage, in which it is split and transformed into phenolic sulfate.

The synthesis index with plasma protein is about 10%.

Within the blood, salbutamol is split within 72 hours inside the liver, and then excreted, mainly along with urine - in the form of phenolic sulfate or unchanged. A small part of the drug is excreted with feces.

[6], [7]

Dosing and administration

The medication is allowed to be used exclusively with the appointment of the treating doctor.

Inhalations in the form of an aerosol should be administered with a special nebulizer equipped with appropriate elements - the endotracheal tube and mask.

Inhalation aerosol is calculated for approximately 200 injections of the drug. It is prescribed for adults, as well as for children over 2 years of age (only a doctor can prescribe the drug). With prolonged maintenance treatment, an adult receives 200 μg of substance at a maximum of 4 times per day.

The drug in nebulas, released as an inhalation solution, is used without prior dissolution. Inhalation should last approximately 10 minutes. The drug is also allowed to dilute with a 0.9% NaCl solution. Use the substance in well-ventilated areas, because a small part of the medicine is mixed with the surrounding air.

Inhaled nebulas are administered in a dosage of 2.5 mg. If necessary, it is allowed to increase it, but not more than up to 5 mg. For a day you can spend a maximum of 3-4 procedures. For adults who are staying in the hospital, the portion can be increased to 40 mg per day if necessary.

Syrup is taken by adults - in the amount of 2 ml, 3-4 times a day. If necessary, the portion is allowed to be increased to 4 ml.

[9], [10], [11]

Use Ventolina during pregnancy

It is prohibited to prescribe Ventolin to pregnant women.

Contraindications

The main contraindications:

• the presence of hypersensitivity to medicamentous components;
• lactation period;
• HOF.

Side effects Ventolina

Often taking drugs causes such negative reactions as headaches, tremor in the fingers and anxiety. In addition, there may be such side effects:

• signs of intolerance, among which bronchospasm, urticaria, collapse, angioedema and hypotension;
• hyperactivity;
• spasm of bronchi, which has a paradoxical character;
• convulsions in the musculature;
• lactic acidosis or hypokalemia;
• increased heart rate or tachycardia;
• extrasystole, dilatation of peripheral vessels, and arrhythmia;
• supraventricular tachycardia;
• irritation affecting mucous in the pharynx and mouth.

[8]

Overdose

The use of excessively large dosages can lead to nausea, tremor in the muscles, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, tachycardia, vomiting, headaches and arousal. In addition, hypoxemia or respiratory alkalosis may occur, as well as decrease blood pressure. Occasionally tachyarrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation, convulsions or hallucinations occur, and peripheral vessels expand.

In therapy, β-adrenoblockers are of a cardioselective nature, but in people who have a history of bronchial spasms, they should be used cautiously.

[12], [13], [14], [15]

Interactions with other drugs

Inhalation of the drug should not be combined with non-selective β-adrenoreceptor blockers. In people with hyperthyroidism, medication also increases tachycardia and the effect of stimulants of the NS.

With the simultaneous use of an inhalation solution or aerosol with xanthines, the risk of tachyarrhythmia increases.

Inhaled anesthetics and levodopa increase the likelihood of arrhythmia of the ventricles in severe form.

Combination with anticholinergic drugs increases the IOP value.

The combination with GCS or diuretic medicines increases the hypokalemic effect.

[16]

Storage conditions

Ventolin should be kept in a dark place, closed from the access of young children. The solution is prohibited from heating or freezing. The temperature level is a maximum of 30 ° C.

[17], [18]

Shelf life

Ventolin is allowed to be used within 24 months of the release of the therapeutic agent.

Application for children

Children can be prescribed inhalation - to eliminate spasms of the bronchi. The dosage portion is 100-200 μg (this corresponds to 1-2 inhalations). With maintenance treatment, use no more than 200 micrograms 4 times a day (maximum 2 inhalations). To prevent the development of an attack, you should use 100-200 μg of substance for 10-50 minutes before the onset of the effect of the triggering factor.

Children are usually assigned spacers such as "Babyhaler" or "Volumatic".

The therapeutic efficacy of the nebulizer in young children under the age of 1.5 has not been investigated, therefore it is forbidden to prescribe drugs of this category of persons.

[19],

Analogues

Analogues of the medication are the preparations Ventlor, Salbutamol, Nebutamol with Salamol-Eco, and in addition Salamol Steri-Neb, Salbutamol-Neo, Salamol-Eko Easy Breathing, and Salbutamol-Inteli.

[20], [21], [22]

Reviews

Ventolin in aerosol or nebulas receives many positive reviews. A high rate of development of the therapeutic effect is especially noted. Only single complaints appear on the development of addiction or negative symptoms. Medication is not a hormonal drug, but it is still not recommended to use without a prior medical appointment.