Urophosphabol

The systemic antibiotic Urofosfabol is a drug based on fosfomycin, which belongs to the drugs with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity.

Indications Urofosfabola

Urofosfabol is prescribed for inflammatory infectious pathologies if the pathogen is sensitive to the drug. Indications may include:

• infectious tissue lesions in diabetes mellitus, peripheral arterial diseases, etc.;
• osteoarticular infectious diseases;
• infectious lesions of the respiratory system;
• abdominal infectious diseases;
• inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs;
• infectious lesions of the urinary system.

Release form

Urofosfabol is a whitish-yellowish powder that is used to make an injection solution.

The active ingredient of Urofosfabol is fosfomycin, and the additional ingredient is succinic acid.

Urofosfabol powder is packaged in 20 ml glass bottles, hermetically sealed with a rubber cap covered with aluminum protection.

One package contains one bottle of powder mass.

Pharmacodynamics

The active ingredient Urofosfabol is an antibiotic that has a bactericidal effect on both gram-positive and gram-negative microbes. Urofosfabol is particularly active against pseudomonas, proteus, sheratia and highly resistant strains of staphylococci and Escherichia.

Urofosfabol can accumulate in microbial cells in significant quantities, entering them through active transport.

Urofosfabol inhibits the biological synthesis of the peptide-fat cell wall at the initial stages.

Pharmacokinetics

When performing intramuscular injection of Urofosfabol, the maximum plasma concentrations are detected after 60 minutes and are estimated at 17.1 mg/liter and 28 mg/liter (with the corresponding administration of 500 mg and 1 g of the drug). With injections according to the scheme of 1 g once every six hours, it is possible to maintain a stable plasma concentration within 8 mg/liter.

The quality of the active ingredient Urofosfabol is relatively weak – 1% of the amount of the drug entering the blood.

The low molecular weight of the active ingredient Urofosfabol facilitates its excellent distribution across organs and tissues. The high-quality bactericidal level of the antibiotic is found in the lungs, pleural and peritoneal fluids, biliary system, subcutaneous fat, muscle and bone tissue, joints, visual organs, and endocardium. Urofosfabol easily crosses the blood-brain membrane.

The level of Urofosfabol in the cerebrospinal fluid increases significantly in the presence of an inflammatory reaction in the meninges. The active ingredient has the property of getting into and accumulating in phagocytic cells, as well as passing through the placenta. In small quantities, the drug is determined in breast milk.

The half-life for an adult patient can be 90-120 minutes, and for a child – 0.69-1.04 hours.

The predominant route of drug excretion is through the kidneys, with the active form of the antibiotic being excreted with urine. Excretion of the remainder of the drug with feces is not clinically significant.

Urofosfabol can be removed from serum by dialysis.

Dosing and administration

Urofosfabol is used in the form of intramuscular injections.

The standard amount of antibiotic for intramuscular injection is 1 to 2 g three times a day. Children starting from 2.5 years of age are prescribed 0.5-1 g of Urofosfabol three times a day.

For patients with diagnosed renal failure or connected hemodialysis, it is necessary to adjust the regimen of administration of Urofosfabol:

• with creatinine clearance from 20 to 40 ml per minute, 2 to 4 g of Urofosfabol is administered once every 12 hours;
• with creatinine clearance from 10 to 20 ml per minute, 2 to 4 g of Urofosfabol is administered once a day;
• if the clearance is less than 10 ml per minute, 2 to 4 g of Urofosfabol is administered once every 2 days.

Patients undergoing hemodialysis are prescribed 1-2 g of Urofosfabol at the end of each dialysis session.

Intramuscular administration of Urofosfabol can cause quite pronounced painful sensations.

To reduce pain, the antibiotic solution is prepared as follows: 1 g of Urofosfabol is diluted in 2 ml of injection water, then mixed with 2 ml of 2% lidocaine.

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Use Urofosfabola during pregnancy

Prescribing Urofosfabol during pregnancy is undesirable and is carried out only in situations where the expected effect for the woman is more important than the probable danger to the future baby.

Since Urofosfabol is found in breast milk, its use during lactation is not recommended. If treatment is necessary, breastfeeding is suspended for the duration of the antibiotic therapy.

Contraindications

It is not recommended to prescribe the antibiotic Urofosfabol if there is an increased risk of developing an allergy to the medication, as well as during pregnancy and in children under 2.5 years of age.

Relative contraindications are:

• severe liver damage;
• insufficient renal function;
• old age;
• high blood pressure.

Side effects Urofosfabola

Urofosfabol is considered a low-toxicity antibiotic: in most cases, patients tolerate the treatment well, and adverse symptoms are rarely observed.

In some cases, antibiotic therapy using Urofosfabol may be accompanied by:

• allergic reactions (rash, fever, cough or bronchospasm);
• liver function disorders (laboratory - activation of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin level);
• digestive disorders (diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, inflammatory processes in the oral cavity);
• disturbances in the blood picture (decreased levels of eosinophils, leukocytes, less commonly – anemia and agranulocytosis);
• disorders of urinary function (increased urea levels, presence of protein in the urine, electrolyte imbalance);
• disorders of the central nervous system (dizziness, convulsions).

Some patients experience a local reaction to the administration of Urofosfabol, which is expressed in pain and the appearance of a lump at the injection site.

In isolated cases, phenomena such as headache, swelling of the extremities, an unpleasant sensation behind the breastbone, and increased heart rate were described.

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Overdose

To date, there are no descriptions of any cases of intoxication with the antibiotic Urofosfabol.

Interactions with other drugs

A synergistic effect can be formed when combining Urofosfabol with such medications as penicillin and cephalosporin drugs, carbapenems, glycopeptides, fluoroquinolone and aminoglycoside agents. This property can be useful in antibiotic therapy of severe inflammatory pathologies or infectious diseases caused by resistant bacteria - pseudomonas, staphylococcus, enterococcus, enterobacteria, etc.

Urofosfabol and Ampicillin, Kanamycin, Gentamicin, Rifampicin, Streptomycin cannot be mixed in one injection.

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Storage conditions

Store Urofosfabol in a dark place - possibly in a special cabinet, at a temperature not exceeding +25°C. The storage area must be protected from children's access.

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Shelf life

It is permissible to store Urofosfabol for up to 2 years.