Tizin

Tizin contains the element tetryzoline, which is a sympathomimetic that has a direct stimulating effect on the α-adrenoreceptors of the sympathetic nervous system. At the same time, it has a weak effect (or no effect at all) on the β-adrenoreceptors.

After tetryzoline gets on the nasal mucosa, it, as a sympathomimetic amine, exhibits decongestant and vasoconstrictor activity, due to which the small arterioles of the nasal passages narrow, secretion decreases and swelling of the nasal mucosa is weakened.

Indications Tizin

It is used to eliminate symptoms of pharyngitis, runny nose, hay fever and sinusitis, and also to reduce swelling of the nasal mucosa during diagnostic procedures.

Release form

The medicinal substance is released in the form of nasal drops (0.05% or 0.1%), inside bottles equipped with a pipette, having a capacity of 10 ml. There is 1 such bottle inside the pack.

Pharmacodynamics

The vasoconstrictor effect of tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride (tetryzoline), as well as the reduction in swelling of the nasal mucosa under its influence, develops approximately 1 minute after the drug is administered, and lasts for 4-8 hours.

After local use, tetryzoline is almost not absorbed, although systemic absorption in individuals with damaged epithelium and mucous membranes should not be excluded.

Dosing and administration

Tizin 0.1% is used in the amount of 2-4 drops - instilled into each nostril.

The children's preparation (0.05%) is used for children aged 2-6 years – 2-3 drops, 3-4 times a day.

The medicine should be used as needed, but no more than once every 4 hours.

The drug can be instilled at long intervals, because its effect often lasts for quite a long time (up to 8 hours). When using the drug before bedtime, it ensures a calm sleep throughout the night, without additional administration of drops. The drug does not cause insomnia through central stimulation.

It is forbidden to use Tizin for more than 5 days, except for situations when the doctor considers a longer treatment necessary. The drug can be used again only after several days.

When instilling drops, tilt your head back slightly.

• Application for children

The medicine in 0.1% form is not used in children under 6 years of age. Drops in 0.05% volume are not used in children under 2 years of age.

Use Tizin during pregnancy

Due to the risk of developing systemic negative effects, Tizin during pregnancy or breastfeeding is prescribed only after careful study of the benefits and possible negative consequences of using the drug.

Contraindications

Main contraindications:

• severe intolerance to the components of the medication;
• dry form of rhinitis;
• glaucoma (especially closed-angle type).

Side effects Tizin

Side effects include:

• reactive hyperemia and a burning sensation in the mucous membrane;
• chronic form of mucosal edema in case of long-term treatment;
• Sometimes systemic symptoms appear (headaches, sweating, tachycardia, tremors, increased blood pressure and weakness).

With excessively frequent and prolonged use of the medicine in large doses, repeated swelling of the nasal mucosa may develop.

Overdose

Signs of intoxication include nausea, pulmonary edema, mydriasis, muscle twitching and fever, as well as arrhythmia, cyanosis, mental disorders, increased blood pressure, asystole and respiratory dysfunction.

Sometimes, with excessive absorption of imidazole derivatives by α-sympathomimetics, suppression of the central nervous system is possible, which leads to bradycardia, apnea, drowsiness, coma, and shock-like hypotension, and in addition, a decrease in temperature.

There is no antidote for tetryzoline. Stimulants are prohibited. Although the effects of drug overdose are quite dangerous, they are often mild, with rapid recovery. If necessary, oxygen, activated carbon and gastric lavage can be used, feverish conditions are treated and anticonvulsants are used.

To reduce blood pressure, 5 mg of phentolamine (dissolved in an electrolyte isotonic fluid) is administered at a low rate. This substance can also be taken orally in a 0.1 g portion. It is prohibited to use vasoconstrictors in case of hypotension.

If anticholinergic signs are observed, physostigmine is used as an antidote.

Interactions with other drugs

The combination of Tizin with tricyclics or MAOIs can provoke an increase in blood pressure values, which is associated with the vasoconstrictor effect of the drug.

Storage conditions

Tizin should be stored in a place out of reach of small children. Temperature values should not exceed 25°C.

Shelf life

Tizin is allowed to be used within a 5-year period from the date of sale of the medicinal product.

Analogues

Analogues of the drug are the medications Xylometazoline, Brizolin and Olint with Multigrip nasal, and also Grippostad, Nazivin, Rinazolin with Xylomefa and Evkazolin. In addition, the list includes Noxivin, Rinospray and Nazolin.