Tablets from syphilis

Tablets from syphilis are pharmaceuticals to combat venereal disease. Let's consider their features, mechanism of action and popular drugs.

Syphilis is a venereal disease due to the pale treponema bacteria. The disease is transmitted sexually and from mother to child. It affects mucous membranes, bones, skin, internal organs and nervous system. It spreads through the traumatized skin, microcracks or during the birth process.

4 stages of pathological condition:

• The incubation period.
• Primary.
• Secondary.
• Tertiary.

Each of them has a characteristic growing symptomatology. The most dangerous and lethal is the tertiary form, as it affects the meninges and internal organs.

Treatment of syphilis is a long and time-consuming process. Medications are prescribed from the first days of the confirmed diagnosis. To date, there are many modern drugs that are effective at any stage. First of all, these are antibiotics and drugs, which include bismuth and iodine. For several centuries, they used drugs with mercury, since pale treponema is sensitive to it. But because of the high toxicity for the body in 80% of cases, mercury caused death from intoxication.

Treatment of syphilis with tablets

With venereal diseases, various forms of drugs are used. Treatment of syphilis with pills is indicated at all stages of the disease, but most often on the initial stages. Oral therapy is possible because of destructive changes in the gluteus muscle due to prolonged injections. In this case, the gastrointestinal tract falls under attack. Prolonged use of tablets can cause inflammation of the kidneys and liver, ulcer disease.

Drug therapy is based on various antibacterial drugs and antibiotics of the penicillin series. This is because pale treponema is highly sensitive to penicillin therapy and its derivatives. Tablets can be used as immunostimulating, antiallergenic and auxiliary agents. In some cases, before injecting a new drug 30-40 minutes before the procedure, it is recommended to take it as a tablet.

• From penicillins for the treatment of syphilis can be identified such means of prolonged action: Bicillin, Extensillin, Retarpen. They are highly effective in destroying treponema, but can cause allergic reactions.
• If the patient has resistance to penicillin derivatives or allergic reactions, then alternative antibiotics of other pharmacological groups are prescribed: macrolides (medikamycin, Erythromycin, Clarithromycin), fluoroquinolones and streptomycins (Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin), tetracycline (Doxycycline) antibiotics, third generation ciprofloxacin Ceftriaxone), aminoglycosides (Streptomycin, Gentamicin).

The early stages of the disease are much easier to treat. So with the initial form of optimal antibacterial therapy is considered. It takes about three months and in most cases leads to complete recovery. Treatment of advanced stages can last more than two years. This is due to the fact that in the Tertiary period there is a marked resistance of pale treponema to antibiotics. In this case, toxic therapy with arsenic derivatives (Myarsenol, Novarsenol) or bismuth (Biyohinol) is carried out.

If the therapy is successful and there are no relapses within five years, the patient is considered healthy. To date, pathology is treated at all stages, but for a good result, a competent approach by the doctor and strict adherence to all medical prescriptions are necessary.

Indications for use

Since syphilis can manifest at any stage, the indications for the use of tablets are based on its symptoms. Consider the signs of a pathological condition:

• The incubation period and the primary form

Lasts from 1 to 13 weeks, at the site of the lesion formed a solid chancre. Initially, this red spot, which quickly turns into a painless ulceration with dense margins and a solid base. When rubbing or pressing on the neoplasm, a colorless liquid is formed, which includes spirochetes.

Chancre can occur on the genitals, in the lymph nodes, on the neck, in the mouth and on any other organs. After a few weeks, the ulcer closes. To many patients this is misleading about the end of the illness. In fact, treponema remains in the body and begins to multiply.

• Secondary stage

Symptoms appear after 6-12 weeks, while chancre can still persist. Spirochaetes from ulcers and lymph nodes spread throughout the body with blood flow. Patients complain of fever, nausea, vomiting, general weakness, headaches and dizziness, hearing loss and vision, pain in the muscles and bones.

In 80% of patients, damage to the mucous membranes and skin is observed. Syphilitic dermatitis (small pink rash) captures any parts of the body. Without therapy, the rashes pass independently for 1-3 weeks, but can persist for several months and recur. The rash is accompanied by itching, burning and flaking of the skin.

About 10% of patients suffer from bone and joint lesions (periostitis), meninges, kidneys (glomerulonephritis) of the eyes (uveitis), liver and spleen. In 30% of patients, erect meningitis develops. For such manifestations of syphilis, headaches, visual and hearing impairments, neck muscle tension are characteristic.

• Late or tertiary syphilis

The latent stage is characterized by the absence of pronounced symptoms. Since the first two have a blurred symptomatology, they can go unnoticed. It is because of this that very often syphilis is diagnosed in the late period when performing blood tests. Pathology has several forms:

• Light Tertiary

Gammase syphilis develops 3-10 years after infection. In the pathological process, skin integuments, internal organs and bones can be involved. Gummy are soft formations in the thickness of the skin and the walls of the organs, which are formed from dead cells and tissues. They grow slowly, they also slowly heal and leave behind scars. The patient feels severe pain, which intensifies at night.

• Cardiovascular

It appears 10-25 years after infection. The main symptoms: an aneurysm of the ascending aorta, aortic valve insufficiency, narrowing of the coronary arteries. The patient suffers from severe cough, obstruction of the airways, paralysis of the vocal cords, painful erosions of the spine, ribs and sternum. The pulsation of the enlarged aorta causes squeezing and damage to the structures adjacent to the chest.

• Neurosyphilis

It has several forms: asymptomatic, meningovascular and parenchymal, dorsal.

Very often, syphilitic dermatitis acts as an indication for the use of syphilis tablets. It is this symptom that unambiguously indicates a pathology. On the patient's body appear rashes of a circular shape. They can merge, forming large damages, but they do not deliver painful sensations, but only flake. After the disappearance of the rash, pigmented light or dark spots remain on the skin. If the rash was on the scalp, then there are patches of baldness.

Another sign of the disease is wide condylomata. Dermal outgrowths are broad, flat, pink or gray, most often appear in moist areas of the skin and folds. They are extremely contagious. They can appear in the mouth, on the larynx, penis, vulva and even the rectum.

All the above symptoms are an excuse to seek medical help, take the necessary tests, get a diagnosis and start treatment. The earlier the therapy is prescribed, the higher the chances of a full recovery.

Pharmacodynamics

The mechanism of action of antisyphilitic drugs depends on the active components that make up their composition. Consider pharmacodynamics in the example of Penicillin. The tableted form of release has V-Penicillin. It refers to bactericidal acid-resistant oral antibiotics.

The antimicrobial effect is due to the inhibition of the synthesis of the cell wall of the harmful microorganism. In this process, such mechanisms are involved:

• The combination of betalactam agent with specific proteins
• Inhibition of the synthesis of the cell wall of transpeptidization of peptidoglucan.

This leads to the activation of autolytic enzymes in the cell wall, which destroy the bacteria.

The spectrum of action of the drug applies to streptococci, staphylococci, enterococci, treponema, spirotecha and other microorganisms. High concentrations are active against gram-negative microorganisms, salmonella, shigella.

Pharmacokinetics

Penicillin for oral use is resistant to the action of stomach acid. Pharmacokinetics indicates a maximum plasma concentration within 60 minutes after taking the drug on an empty stomach or 2 hours after eating. Concentration gradually decreases, the substance is distributed into all tissues, fluids (pleural, articular, pericardial) and organs.

The concentration of the drug in the tissues corresponds to the concentration in the blood serum, but in the CNS, the prostate gland and the eyes below. V-Penicillin binds to blood plasma proteins in 80%, in 5% penetrates into the CNS. About 200% is concentrated in bile, 10% in bones, 50% in bronchial secretion, 40% in soft tissues.

10% glomerular filtration and 90% tubular secretion is excreted by the kidneys. About 40% of the orally taken dose is excreted unchanged in the urine for 6 hours. The biological half-cycle takes about 60 minutes, but is prolonged for violations of kidney function, in newborns and elderly patients.

Names of syphilis tablets

To date, there are many drugs that are effective in treating sexually transmitted diseases of varying severity. Knowing the names of syphilis tablets and the mechanism of their action, you can make the most effective treatment regimen. Consider the popular medicines:

Doxilan

Antimicrobial, bacteriostatic agent with the active substance - doxycycline. Antibacterial action is similar to tetracycline. It is active against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.

• Indications for use: infectious diseases (fever Ku, typhus, borreliosis, brucellosis, yersiniosis, dysentery (bacillary, amoebic), tularemia, trachoma, cholera, Lyme disease (stage I), malaria, leptospirosis, psittacosis and others) and infections caused by intracellular pathogenic microorganisms. Pathology of ENT organs and lower respiratory tract. Inflammation of the pelvic organs, prostatitis, gonorrhea, syphilis, purulent skin infections and soft tissue lesions, infectious ulcerous keratitis, acne.
• It is contraindicated to use with individual intolerance of active ingredients, during pregnancy and lactation, with leukopenia, severe hepatic insufficiency and for the treatment of children under 9 years of age.
• The dosage depends on the indication for use. As a rule, adult patients weighing more than 50 kg are prescribed 200 mg on day 1-2 and subsequently 100-200 mg per day. For children from 9 years with a weight less than 50 kg, the dosage is calculated at 4 mg / kg in 1-2 days and further at 2-4 mg / kg. With syphilis (primary, secondary) take 300 mg per day for 10-12 days.
• Medication can cause such adverse reactions: dizziness and headaches, vascular collapse, increased sweating. Allergic reactions are possible (skin itch, Quincke's edema, rash), diarrhea, constipation, glossitis, fungal infections, a stable change in tooth enamel, reinfection with resistant strains.

[6]

Rovamycin

Antibiotic-macrolide with bacteriostatic action. It is active against streptococci, meningococcus, chlamydia, campylobacter, leptospira. Moderately sensitive for bacteroides and cholera vibrio, not sensitive for methicillin-resistant staphylococci, enterobacteria.

• Indications for use: sexually transmitted infections (syphilis, chlamydia, gonorrhea, toxoplasmosis), diseases of the genitourinary system, skin pathologies (phlegmon, erysipelas, abscesses), bronchopulmonary diseases and lesions of the ENT organs.
• The medicine is released in the form of tablets and powder for the preparation of infusions. Dosage is selected for each patient individually and depends on the severity of the condition requiring treatment. Do not use with intolerance of its components, during pregnancy and lactation, as well as with severe liver damage.
• In case of an overdose, there is nausea, vomiting, upset of the stool. There is no specific antidote, therefore symptomatic therapy is indicated. Side effects most often cause discomfort in the epigastric region, nausea and vomiting, skin allergic reactions, the development of pseudomembranous colitis, phlebitis.

Bicillin

Natural antibiotic of the penicillin group. The active ingredient is benzathine benzylpenicillin. Destroys harmful microorganisms, suppressing the synthesis of cell walls and walls. This stops their growth and reproduction. Effective against gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria. The preparation is released in the form of a powder for the preparation of a solution for intramuscular administration. There are three types of Bicillin with different composition and concentration of active components.

• The main indications for use: infections caused by penicillin-sensitive bacteria, syphilis, gonorrhea, yaws, respiratory tract infections, rheumatism prevention, erysipelas.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the active substance and novocaine, urticaria, bronchial asthma, hay fever. Use of the drug during pregnancy and lactation is possible only under medical supervision.
• Side effects: dizziness and headaches, tinnitus, bronchospasm, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin allergic reactions, unstable blood pressure, superinfection, leukopenia, anaphylactic shock.

When treating Becillin, patients are prescribed vitamin B group preparations and ascorbic acid. This prevents fungal lesions.

[7], [8]

Miramistine

Antiseptic with hydrophobic action on cytoplasmic membranes of harmful microorganisms. The drug is active against all gram-positive and gram-negative, aerobic, anaerobic and other bacteria, including strains with increased resistance to antibiotics. Miramistin is effective in venereal diseases, the causative agents of which are: pale treponema, chlamydia, gonococci, Trichomonas. Antifungal action helps in the fight against Ascomycetes, yeast-like fungi, dermatophytes.

• Indications for use: treatment and prevention of STDs (trichomoniasis, syphilis, herpes, gonorrhea, genital conditosis), therapy and prevention of dermatological pathologies (staphyloderma, smooth skin dermatomycosis, skin and mucosal candidiasis). The drug is used in surgery for wounds infected with bacteria (fistulas, bedsores, festering and postoperative wounds, trophic ulcers). Helps with frostbite, superficial and deep burns. Used in urology, gynecology, otolaryngology and dentistry.
• The agent is released in the form of a solution and an ointment for topical application. Dosage and duration of therapy are selected by the doctor, individually for each patient. The solution is used for occlusive dressings, washing of wounds, tampons and syringing. Ointment is applied to the wound surface, it is possible to use with tableted antibiotics.
• Miramistin is contraindicated in hypersensitivity to its active substances. Side effects are manifested as local allergic reactions - burning, redness, itching, which independently pass without drug withdrawal.

The drug stimulates the immune nonspecific response and the activity of immune cells, accelerating the healing of wound surfaces. Reduces the resistance of microorganisms to antibacterial agents and is not absorbed into the systemic circulation.

Retarpen

The drug with the active component β-lactam antibiotic with prolonged action. It is active against streptococci, penicillin-forming staphylococci, anaerobes, treponema and other microorganisms. It is available in powder form in vials for reconstitution and preparation of injections.

• Indications for use: treatment of syphilis, scarlet fever, erysipelas (chronic form), infected wounds, tonsillitis. It is used for the prevention of various rheumatic pathologies, in the post-contact period after communication with people with syphilis, scarlet fever.
• Injections are administered intramuscularly. The suspension solution is prepared by injecting 5 ml of water for injection into a vial of powder. The agent should be shaken for 20 seconds, put into a syringe and inserted into the gluteus muscle (no more than 5 ml in one place). For the treatment of primary syphilis, two injections of 5 ml each at a weekly interval are performed. In secondary, latent early syphilis, three injections are given at an interval of a week.
• Retarpen is contraindicated in cases of intolerance to the penicillin and cephalosporin series of antibiotics, bronchial asthma, in pediatric practice, with anamnesis severe allergic reactions, pathologies for which use high plasma concentrations of penicillins. With special care appoint for the treatment of pregnant women and patients with impaired liver function.
• Side effects are manifested by many organs and systems, but more often it is: skin rash and itching, joint, muscle and headaches, breathing disorders, urticaria, nausea and vomiting, neuropathy, leukopenia, anaphylaxis and other pathological symptoms.
• If the dose prescribed by the doctor is exceeded, signs of an overdose appear. Most often, patients face encephalopathy, increased excitability and convulsive reactions. Possible disruption of the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. There is no specific antidote, it is recommended to stop taking the drug and seek medical help.

Cefobide

The drug with the active substance is cefoperazone. It is prescribed for the treatment of infections of the genital, respiratory and urinary tracts, soft tissues, joints and bones. It is effective in inflammation of the pelvic organs, meningitis, septicemia, in the prevention of infectious postoperative consequences.

Contraindicated with intolerance to cephalosporins, during pregnancy and lactation. Side effects are manifested in the form of skin allergic reactions, drug fever, neutropenia, elevated levels of AST, ALT. Possible diarrhea, phlebitis, pain at the injection site, a decrease in blood clotting.

[9]

Cefotaxime

Semisynthetic antibiotic group of third generation cephalosporins. Refers to the pharmacological group of antimicrobial and antiparasitic drugs. Has a wide spectrum of action, is effective against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The mechanism of antimicrobial action is based on inhibition of the enzyme activity of transpeptidase by blockade of peptidoglycan and disruption of mucopeptide formation of the cell wall of harmful microorganisms.

• Assign for infections of the genitourinary tract, venereal diseases, otolaryngological diseases, septicemia, lesions of bones, soft tissues, abdominal hemisphere, gynecological infections.
• Dosage is selected for each patient individually. It is not used in case of intolerance to penicillin and antibiotics of cephalosporin series, during pregnancy and breastfeeding, bleeding, violations of liver and kidney function, enterocolitis in anamnesis.
• Side effects and symptoms of overdose are most often manifested in the form of allergic reactions. Desensitizing and symptomatic agents are used for their treatment.

[10], [11], [12]

Biyohinol

Antimicrobial, antiparasitic drug. Refers to the pharmacological group of antisyphilitic drugs. Has anti-inflammatory and resorptive effect.

• Used in the treatment of all forms of syphilis, with nonspecific lesions of the central nervous system, inflammation of the membranes and tissues of the brain, with trauma to the skull.
• Contraindicated for the treatment of patients younger than 6 months, with increased bleeding, liver and kidney pathologies, inflammation of the gingival mucosa, stomatitis, hypersensitivity to quinine, heart failure and severe forms of tuberculosis.
• The drug is injected intramuscularly into the gluteus muscle, a two-stage method. Dosage depends on the severity of the patient's condition. Before injecting, the vial is heated in warm water and shaken. The course dose for syphilis is 30-40 ml, depending on the stage, daily dosage is 3-4 ml.
• Side effects: gingivitis, stomatitis, dermatitis, excessive salivation, neuritis, facial nerve inflammation, bismuth nephropathy, polyneuritis, albuminuria.

Bismoverol

A drug from the antisyphilitic group. The drug is indicated for all forms of syphilis. Has a therapeutic effect in diseases caused by microorganisms of the spiral form.

• Injections are injected intramuscularly into the gluteus muscle. Adult patients are prescribed 1.5 ml 2 times a week, the course of treatment is 16-20 ml. Children's dosage is from 0.1 to 0.8 ml, depending on the age of the child.
• It is contraindicated to use in renal and hepatic diseases, increased bleeding, heart failure, stomatitis, diabetes mellitus. Side effects are most often manifested in the form of allergic skin reactions. Perhaps the appearance of a dark blue border on the gums, increased protein in the urine and neuritis of the trigeminal nerve.

In addition to the above-described tablets and other forms of drugs for syphilis, patients may be prescribed nonspecific therapy. It is performed with latent, infectious and late forms of the disease (congenital, neuroviscerosylphilis). The patient undergoes pyrotherapy, vitamin therapy, injections of biogenic stimulants and immunomodulators, ultraviolet irradiation. These methods can be used simultaneously with taking tablets.

Penicillin

The most popular and effective drug for the treatment of venereal diseases and syphilis is Penicillin. It is a product of the vital activity of various kinds of mold fungus. Rightfully considered the main representative of the antibiotic group. Has a wide range of bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects.

It is active against streptococci, pneumococci, tetanus, gonococcus, proteus. Ineffective in the treatment of diseases caused by bacteria intestinal-typhoid-dysenteric group, pseudomonas aeruginosa and tubercle bacillus, viruses, fungi and protozoa.

The most effective way of using Penicillin is intramuscular injection. The medicine is quickly absorbed into the blood, passes into the muscle tissue, lungs, joint cavity and wound exudate. Intramuscularly injected drug penetrates the pleural and abdominal cavity, overcomes the placental barrier.

• Indications for use: sepsis, meningococcal, pneumococcal, gonococcal infection, deeply localized and extensive infectious lesions, purulent meningitis, syphilis, gonorrhea, pneumonia, sycosis, erysipelatous inflammation, brain abscesses. Effective as a prophylactic in the postoperative period with purulent complications, burns of 3, 4 degrees, wounds of soft tissues and chest. Before the application, all patients undergo a sensitivity reaction.
• The dosage, the form of the preparation and the features of its use are individual for each patient and are selected by the doctor. The antimicrobial effect develops both locally and resorptively. The drug can be administered subcutaneously, intravenously, intramuscularly, into the spinal canal, under the tongue, in the form of rinses and rinses, inhalations, orally.
• Penicillin is contraindicated for its intolerance, bronchial asthma, hay fever, hives, allergic diseases. It is not prescribed for patients with hypersensitivity to sulfonamides and antibiotics.
• Adverse reactions occur when the recommended dose is exceeded and the rules of use are not observed. Most often, allergic reactions, headaches, gastrointestinal disorders (nausea, vomiting, constipation) and respiratory organs (asthmatic bronchitis, pharyngitis), candidiasis and anaphylactic reactions. For treatment, symptomatic therapy is performed and an antidote is prescribed depending on the side symptoms.
• If the medication is used during pregnancy and breastfeeding, then the effect of sensitizing the fetus / child to penicillin should be considered. The drug is contraindicated to be consumed simultaneously with alcohol.

Method and dosage of syphilis tablets

To effectively treat sexually transmitted diseases, attention should be paid not only to the choice of the drug, but also to the method of its use. Doses of syphilis tablets are selected individually for each patient. The treatment regimen is based on the stage of pathology, the age of the patient and the individual characteristics of his organism.

For example, when using penicillin in tablets, the patient is prescribed 250-500 mg every 8 hours. The maximum daily dosage should not exceed 750 mg. The drug is taken 30-40 minutes before meals or 2 hours after it. The duration of therapy depends on the severity of the illness and the results of using the remedy in the early days.

If penicillin is used in injections, then they can be administered intramuscularly, subcutaneously or intravenously, possibly by insertion into the spinal canal. In order for the therapy to be effective, the dosage is calculated so that in 1 ml of blood there is up to 0.3 ED of the drug when administered every 3-4 hours.

Using syphilis tablets during pregnancy

Syphilis during pregnancy is a serious problem that 10% of women face. Its danger is based on the fact that without professional medical care, pathology can provoke severe consequences: miscarriage, premature birth, birth of a child with congenital syphilis. The use of syphilis tablets during pregnancy is possible after testing (screening) for confirmation. The study is conducted when registered in a women's consultation.

If the diagnosis is confirmed, the woman is prescribed two mandatory courses of therapy:

1. It is carried out permanently immediately after the infection is detected.
2. The preventive course can be conducted in a hospital or in a home dispensary for a period of 20-24 weeks.

Such treatment allows to reduce the likelihood of congenital syphilis in the fetus. Pregnant women are prescribed antibiotics, as a rule, Penicillin. This drug has no pathological effect on the child's body and can not provoke anomalies in its development.

In addition to Penicillin, antibiotics of the penicillin group can be used for treatment: Procaine-benzylpenicillin, Sodium salt of benzylpenicillin, Ampicillin, Ceftriaxone, Novocain salt of penicillin. Duration and doses of drugs depend on the chosen remedy and are determined by the attending physician.

In some cases, the use of syphilis tablets during pregnancy can provoke side effects. It can be headaches and dizziness, nausea, fever. These reactions do not threaten the life of the fetus and, as a rule, pass independently without the use of symptomatic therapy. But if the tablets have caused pain in the abdominal area or fights, it is worth immediately contacting your doctor.

Contraindications for use

Tablets are contraindicated for use in hypersensitivity to their active substances. For example, V-Penicillin is not allowed for use in cases of intolerance to this group of antibiotics, cephalosporins, sulfonamides and other medications.

The drug is not recommended for patients with bronchial asthma, hives, hay fever and any other allergic diseases.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5]

Side effects of tablets from syphilis

Medicines for the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, like any other drugs, can provoke adverse reactions if the medical recommendations for their use are not observed. Side effects of tablets from syphilis are associated with hypersensitivity reactions. Let's consider more detailed possible side effects:

• Allergic reactions - hives, itching, skin peeling, angioedema, joint pain, anaphylactic shock with collapse, asthma, erythema multiforme, exfoliative dermatitis.
• Disturbances of the gastrointestinal tract - stomatitis, glossitis, diarrhea, constipation, suspicion of pseudomembranous colitis. Can candidiasis of the oral cavity and vagina.
• Deviations from hematological parameters: eosinophilia, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, Coombs positive test. Jarish-Gerxheimer's reaction is secondary to bacteriolysis.

Overdose

If the doctor's recommendations for using the drug are not observed (increased doses, prolonged use), unwanted reactions occur. Overdose is largely similar to side effects.

Most often, patients face gastrointestinal disorders, water-electrolyte balance disorders, headaches, dizziness. In most cases, there is no specific antidote, therefore symptomatic therapy is indicated. In case of an overdose, it is recommended to wash the stomach and hemodialysis.

Interactions with other drugs

In the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, several medicines can be used simultaneously to achieve a stable therapeutic result. Consider the possibility of interaction with other drugs in the example of Penicillin.

• Penicillins are active against proliferating microorganisms, therefore they are not recommended for use in combination with bacteriostatic antibiotics (flucloxacilin, aminoglycosides, amino penicillins).
• When interacting with anti-inflammatory, anti-rheumatic and antipyretic agents (Salicylate, Indomethacin, Phenylbuzone) or with Probenecid, inhibition of drug excretion is possible.
• Penicillin reduces the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
• Injections are incompatible with preparations based on zinc compounds. It is also not recommended to use glucose solution, as this can provoke unwanted side reactions.

Storage conditions

According to the instruction and storage conditions, the syphilis tablets should be kept in their original packaging. Recommended storage temperature is room temperature, that is not higher than 25 ° C. Tablets should be in a dry, protected from moisture, sunlight and inaccessible to children.

Failure to comply with storage conditions leads to deterioration of the drug: loss of physical and chemical properties and drug effects. The use of such a drug can provoke uncontrolled adverse reactions.

Shelf life

Each tablet preparation used for treatment has a certain shelf life. It is indicated on the medicine package. As a rule, tablets should be used within 3-5 years from the date of manufacture. At the end of this period, the medicine is to be disposed of.

The use of overdue drugs for medical purposes threatens with unfavorable symptoms from many organs and systems.

Effective pills for syphilis

Treatment of sexually transmitted diseases is a complex and lengthy process. The sooner therapy is started, the better the chances of a successful recovery. Consider the most effective pills for syphilis, which are taken from the first days of pathology, and at the last stages:

1. V-Penicillin

Bactericidal acid-fast penicillin antibiotic for oral administration. Its antimicrobial effect is due to inhibition of the synthesis of cell walls of microorganisms. Produced in packages of 250 mg and 500 mg of active ingredient.

• It is used for: syphilis, pneumococcal pneumonia, infections of the skin and soft tissues, bacterial pharyngitis, endocarditis. Effective in the treatment of diseases caused by gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms.
• Absolute contraindication to use is intolerance of penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics. It is not used for allergic diseases (hives, asthma), gastrointestinal lesions, infectious mononucleosis, impaired renal function.
• Side effects occur in 5% of patients. Most often, allergic reactions: urticaria, itching, skin hyperemia. Possible fever, angioedema, increased bleeding, leukopenia. Symptoms of an overdose are similar to adverse reactions.

2. Vibramycin

Antibacterial agent with the active substance - doxycycline. Produced in the form of capsules for oral administration (10 pieces in blister, 2 blisters in the package). It has a bacteriostatic effect, which consists in inhibiting the biosynthesis of proteins at the ribosomal level. The drug is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms, strains resistant to antibiotics. Actively affects the causative agents of dangerous infections (plague, anthrax, chlamydia, brucella, legionella). Not sensitive to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and yeast fungi.

• The main indications for use are: infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by sensitive microorganisms (pharyngitis, bronchitis, tracheitis, pneumonia), lesions of the ENT organs, infections of the genitourinary system (cystitis, prostatitis, urethritis, mycoplasmosis, gonorrhea, endocervicitis). Helps with skin and eye infections, as well as with syphilis, legionellosis, yaws, furunculosis, gastrointestinal infections.
• Contraindicated to use with individual hypersensitivity to the active ingredient, severe hepatic insufficiency, leukopenia, porphyria, during pregnancy and lactation, for patients younger than 8 years.
• To treat syphilis appoint 300 mg for 10 days. If necessary, a second course of treatment is possible. In case of an overdose or failure to comply with medical recommendations, there are side reactions. As a rule, these are disorders of the digestive system (nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, esophagitis, gastritis), from the nervous system (headaches, dizziness, increased intracranial pressure), hemopoiesis (neutropenia, eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, anemia ). Also, allergic reactions are possible (skin itch and rash, skin hyperemia, anaphylactic reactions, drug lupus erythematosus). There is no specific antidote, therefore symptomatic therapy is indicated.

3. Wilprafen

Antimicrobial and antiparasitic. Refers to the pharmacological category of antibiotics and macrolides. Its bacteriostatic effect is due to the inhibition of protein synthesis by harmful microorganisms. High concentrations of the drug have a bactericidal effect. It is active against many intracellular microorganisms, gram-positive aerobic bacteria, gram-negative, anaerobic bacteria and against Treponema pallidum.

Produced in the form of tablets with an enteric-dissolvable coating. One capsule contains 500 mg of josamycin. After ingestion, the active substance is rapidly absorbed from the digestive tract. The maximum concentration is achieved 1-2 hours after administration. Josamycin penetrates through biological membranes and has properties to accumulate in tissues (pulmonary, lymphatic), organs of the urinary system, skin and soft tissues. It is excreted by the kidneys in the form of active metabolites.

• Indications for use: therapy and prevention of infectious and inflammatory diseases, upper respiratory tract and ENT organs, diphtheria, scarlet fever. Infections of the mouth, urinary tract and genitals (syphilis, gonorrhea, prostatitis, urethritis). Lesions of the skin and soft tissues.
• It is contraindicated to use for intolerance to antibiotics of macrolides, as well as for severe violations of liver function. Use during pregnancy and lactation is possible with medical clearance, when the benefits for women are higher than the potential risks to the fetus.
• Duration of treatment and dosage are individual for each patient and selected by the attending physician. If these recommendations are not followed, adverse reactions and symptoms of an overdose occur. Most often, disorders arise from the digestive system (nausea, vomiting, heartburn, diarrhea, violation of bile flow) and allergic reactions (urticaria, itching, skin hyperemia). To eliminate them, you must stop taking the drug or reduce the dosage, and seek medical help.

4. Doxal

Semisynthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic. Refers to the group of tetracyclines, has a bacteriostatic effect, suppressing the synthesis of the protein of the microbe. The active ingredient is doxycycline (100 g in a tablet). It is active against most aerobic gram-positive, gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria.

• Assign for the treatment of such diseases: syphilis, trachoma, acne, gonorrhea, urinary tract infections, psittacosis, mycoplasmal pneumonia, pleurisy, bronchitis, pneumonia.

• It is not used for hypersensitivity and for patients younger than 8 years. It is not recommended for pregnancy and lactation, as it can cause irreversible pathologies in the fetus.

• Tablets take 1-2 capsules a day during meals. For primary and secondary syphilis, 300 mg per day are given for 10 days. In case of an overdose there are side effects: allergic reactions, dyspeptic disorders, photosensitivity.

5. Potassium iodide

Tablets affect the synthetic function, that is, the formation of hormones. They inhibit the formation of pituitary hormones, increase the separation of sputum, and break down proteins. The drug prevents accumulation of radioactive iodine in the thyroid gland.

• Potassium iodide is used in the complex therapy of syphilis. The drug is effective in diseases of the thyroid gland, inflammatory defeats of the respiratory tract, otolaryngological pathologies, fungal lesions.
• The drug is not allowed for pulmonary tuberculosis, kidney disease, multiple purulent inflammation of the skin, increased bleeding, during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
• Side effects are manifested in the form of non-infectious inflammation of the mucous membranes: urticaria, runny nose, Quincke's edema, discomfort in the epigastric region.

6. Minolexin

Antibiotic from the pharmacological group of tetracyclines. It has bacteriostatic properties. It is active against gram-positive, gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria. Effective in the treatment of Treponema pallidum, Mycobacterium spp and Ureaplasma urealyticum.

• Indications for use: syphilis, gonorrhea, acne, pneumonia, tonsillitis, intestinal infections, purulent infections of soft tissues, osteomyelitis, brucellosis, trachoma. The drug is prohibited for patients with impaired liver function, with increased sensitivity to tetracyclines and for children under 8 years of age.
• When administered orally, the daily dosage for adults is 100-200 mg, for children the first dose is 4 mg / kg and then 2 mg / kg every 12 hours.
• The active substances penetrate the placental barrier and are excreted in breast milk. Therefore, it is not prescribed in the second trimester of pregnancy and lactation. Side effects are manifested in the form of disorders of the vestibular apparatus, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and skin allergic reactions.

7. Monocline

A drug that inhibits the synthesis of proteins in cells of harmful microorganisms. It is active against gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms, protozoa, intracellular pathogens. The active substance is doxycycline. After oral intake quickly absorbed in the upper part of the digestive tract. The maximum concentration in blood plasma is reached within 2-4 hours. It is excreted by the kidneys with urine.

• Indications for use: diseases caused by treponema (with syphilis prescribed only with allergy to beta-lactams), infection of the genitourinary system, cholera, acne, brucellosis, chlamydial infection, mycoplasma, gonococci. As a rule, take 1-2 tablets per day, the duration of therapy is determined by the attending physician.
• Contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding, as the active component penetrates the placenta and into the mother's milk. Do not administer with intolerance to doxycycline and other components of the drug, for patients younger than 8 years.
• Side effects and overdose are manifested in the form of dyspeptic disorders, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting. Possible hemolytic anemia, superinfection, anorexia, hypoplasia of tooth enamel, various allergic reactions. For treatment it is necessary to stop taking the pill and carry out symptomatic therapy.

8. Tetracycline

Antibiotic of a wide spectrum of action. One tablet contains 100 mg of tetracycline hydrochloride. Has a bacteriostatic effect. It is active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, most strains of Bacteroides fragilis, fungi and small viruses.

• Tetracycline is prescribed for syphilis, gonorrhea, intestinal infections, pneumonia, bronchitis, endocarditis, gonorrhea, osteomyelitis, trachoma, conjunctivitis, cholecystitis and other diseases caused by microorganisms that are sensitive to the drug. Adult patients are prescribed 250 mg every 6 hours, the maximum daily dosage to 2000 mg. For children older than 7 years, 25 mg / kg body weight every 6 hours.
• Contraindicated in renal failure, fungal infections, hypersensitivity to tetracycline, for pregnant women and breastfeeding, for children under 8 years old, with leukopenia.
• Possible side effects: nausea and vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, glossitis, abdominal pain, allergic reactions. In rare cases, there is angioedema and photosensitivity. Long-term use of the drug can cause intestinal dysbiosis, candidiasis, vitamin B deficiency, leukopenia, neutropenia.

Tablets from syphilis are used only for medical purposes from the first days of the diagnosed illness. Correctly formulated course of treatment allows to completely eliminate pathology, having warned its complications.

[13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18],