Syphilis pills

Syphilis pills are pharmaceuticals for combating sexually transmitted diseases. Let's look at their features, mechanism of action, and popular drugs.

Syphilis is a venereal disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. The disease is transmitted sexually and from mother to child. It affects the mucous membranes, bones, skin, internal organs and the nervous system. It spreads through injured skin, microcracks or during the birth process.

4 stages of pathological condition:

• Incubation period.
• Primary.
• Secondary.
• Tertiary.

Each of them has characteristic increasing symptoms. The most dangerous and lethal is considered to be the tertiary form, as it affects the meninges and internal organs.

Treatment of syphilis is a long and laborious process. Medicines are prescribed from the first days of a confirmed diagnosis. Today, there are many modern drugs that are effective at any stage. First of all, these are antibiotics and drugs that contain bismuth and iodine. Several centuries ago, drugs with mercury were used, since pale treponema is sensitive to it. But due to its high toxicity for the body, in 80% of cases mercury caused death from intoxication.

Treatment of syphilis with tablets

Various forms of drugs are used for venereal diseases. Treatment of syphilis with tablets is indicated at all stages of the disease, but most often at the initial stages. Oral therapy is possible due to destructive changes in the gluteal muscle due to long-term injections. In this case, the gastrointestinal tract is affected. Long-term use of tablets can cause inflammation of the kidneys and liver, ulcer disease.

Drug therapy is based on various antibacterial drugs and penicillin antibiotics. This is explained by the fact that pale treponema is highly sensitive to penicillin therapy and its derivatives. Tablets can be used as immunostimulants, antiallergic and auxiliary agents. In some cases, before the injection of a new drug, 30-40 minutes before the procedure, it is recommended to take it in tablet form.

• Among penicillins for the treatment of syphilis, the following prolonged-action agents can be distinguished: Bicillin, Extencillin, Retarpen. They are highly effective in destroying treponema, but can cause allergic reactions.
• If the patient is resistant to penicillin derivatives or has allergic reactions, then alternative antibiotics of other pharmacological groups are prescribed: macrolides (Medicamycin, Erythromycin, Clarithromycin), fluoroquinolones and streptomycins (Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin), tetracycline antibiotics (Doxycycline), 3rd generation ciprofloxacins (Ceftriaxone), aminoglycosides (Streptomycin, Gentamicin).

Early stages of the disease are much easier to treat. Thus, in the initial form, antibacterial therapy is considered optimal. It takes about three months and in most cases leads to complete recovery. Treatment of advanced stages can last more than two years. This is due to the fact that in the tertiary period, there is a pronounced resistance of pale treponema to antibiotics. In this case, toxic therapy is carried out with arsenic derivatives (Miarsenol, Novarsenol) or bismuth (Biyoquinol).

If the therapy is successful and there are no relapses within five years, the patient is considered healthy. Today, the pathology is treated at all stages, but a competent approach from the doctor and strict adherence to all treatment instructions are necessary for a good result.

Indications for use

Since syphilis can manifest itself at any stage, the indications for the use of tablets are based on its symptoms. Let's consider the signs of the pathological condition:

• Incubation period and primary form

It lasts from 1 to 13 weeks, a hard chancre forms at the site of the lesion. Initially, it is a red spot, which quickly turns into a painless ulcer with dense edges and a hard base. When rubbing or pressing on the neoplasm, a colorless liquid is released, which includes spirochetes.

Chancre can appear on the genitals, in the area of the lymph nodes, on the neck, in the oral cavity and on any other organs. After a few weeks, the ulcer closes. This misleads many patients about the end of the disease. In fact, treponemas remain in the body and begin to multiply.

• Secondary stage

Symptoms appear after 6-12 weeks, while the chancre may still remain. Spirochetes from the ulcer and lymph nodes are carried throughout the body by the bloodstream. Patients complain of high temperature, nausea, vomiting, general weakness, headaches and dizziness, decreased hearing and vision, muscle and bone pain.

80% of patients have damage to the mucous membranes and skin. Syphilitic dermatitis (small pink rash) affects any part of the body. Without therapy, the rash goes away on its own within 1-3 weeks, but can persist for several months and recur. The rash is accompanied by itching, burning and peeling of the skin.

About 10% of patients suffer from lesions of bones and joints (periostitis), meninges, kidneys (glomerulonephritis), eyes (uveitis), liver and spleen. In 30% of patients, latent meningitis develops. This manifestation of syphilis is characterized by headaches, visual and hearing impairment, and neck muscle tension.

• Late or tertiary syphilis

The latent stage is characterized by the absence of pronounced symptoms. Since the first two have blurred symptoms, they can remain unnoticed. This is why syphilis is often diagnosed at a late stage when performing blood tests. The pathology has several forms:

• Light tertiary

Gummatous syphilis develops 3-10 years after infection. The skin, internal organs and bones may be involved in the pathological process. Gummas are soft formations in the thickness of the skin and organ walls that are formed from dead cells and tissues. They grow slowly, heal slowly and leave scars. The patient feels severe pain that intensifies at night.

• Cardiovascular

It appears 10-25 years after infection. The main symptoms are: ascending aortic aneurysm, aortic valve insufficiency, and narrowing of the coronary arteries. The patient suffers from severe coughing, airway obstruction, vocal cord paralysis, painful erosions of the spine, ribs, and sternum. The pulsation of the dilated aorta causes compression and damage to structures adjacent to the chest.

• Neurosyphilis

It has several forms: asymptomatic, meningovascular and parenchymatous, tabes dorsalis.

Very often, syphilitic dermatitis is an indication for the use of syphilis tablets. This symptom is an unmistakable indication of the pathology. Round rashes appear on the patient's body. They can merge, forming large lesions, but do not cause painful sensations, but only peel. After the rash disappears, pigmented light or dark spots remain on the skin. If the rash was on the scalp, then bald patches remain.

Another sign of the disease is condylomata lata. The skin growths are wide, flat, pink or gray in color and most often appear in moist areas of the skin and folds. They are extremely contagious. They can appear in the mouth, on the larynx, penis, vulva, and even the rectum.

All the above symptoms are a reason to seek medical help, take the necessary tests, undergo diagnostics and begin treatment. The sooner the therapy is prescribed, the higher the chances of a full recovery.

Pharmacodynamics

The mechanism of action of antisyphilitic drugs depends on the active components included in their composition. Let's consider pharmacodynamics using Penicillin as an example. V-Penicillin is available in tablet form. It is a bactericidal acid-resistant oral antibiotic.

The antimicrobial effect is due to the inhibition of the synthesis of the cell wall of the harmful microorganism. The following mechanisms are involved in this process:

• Combination of a beta-lactam agent with specific proteins
• Inhibition of cell wall synthesis of peptidoglycan transpeptidation.

This leads to the activation of autolytic enzymes in the cell wall, which destroy the bacteria.

The spectrum of action of the drug extends to streptococci, staphylococci, enterococci, treponemas, spirotechi and other microorganisms. High concentrations are active against gram-negative microorganisms, salmonella, shigella.

Pharmacokinetics

Oral penicillin is resistant to gastric acid. Pharmacokinetics indicates maximum plasma concentration within 60 minutes after taking the drug on an empty stomach or 2 hours after eating. The concentration gradually decreases, the substance is distributed into all tissues, fluids (pleural, articular, pericardial) and organs.

The concentration of the drug in tissues corresponds to the concentration in the blood serum, but in the CNS, prostate gland and eyes it is lower. V-Penicillin binds to blood plasma proteins in 80%, 5% penetrates the CNS. About 200% is concentrated in bile, 10% in bones, 50% in bronchial secretions, 40% in soft tissues.

10% is excreted by the kidneys via glomerular filtration and 90% via tubular secretion. About 40% of the orally administered dose is excreted unchanged in the urine within 6 hours. The biological half-life is about 60 minutes, but is prolonged in cases of renal dysfunction, in newborns, and in elderly patients.

Names of pills for syphilis

Today, there are many drugs that are effective in treating sexually transmitted diseases of varying severity. Knowing the names of syphilis pills and their mechanism of action, you can create the most effective treatment plan. Let's look at popular medications:

Doxilan

Antimicrobial, bacteriostatic agent with the active substance - doxycycline. Antibacterial action is similar to tetracycline. Active against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.

• Indications for use: infectious diseases (Q fever, typhus, borreliosis, brucellosis, yersiniosis, dysentery (bacillary, amoebic), tularemia, trachoma, cholera, Lyme disease (stage I), malaria, leptospirosis, psittacosis and others) and infections caused by intracellular pathogenic microorganisms. Pathologies of the ENT organs and lower respiratory tract. Inflammation of the pelvic organs, prostatitis, gonorrhea, syphilis, purulent skin infections and soft tissue lesions, infectious ulcerative keratitis, acne.
• Contraindicated for use in case of individual intolerance to the active components, during pregnancy and lactation, leukopenia, severe liver failure and for the treatment of children under 9 years of age.
• The dosage depends on the indication for use. As a rule, adult patients weighing more than 50 kg are prescribed 200 mg on days 1-2 and then 100-200 mg per day. For children over 9 years old weighing less than 50 kg, the dosage is calculated as 4 mg/kg on days 1-2 and then 2-4 mg/kg. For syphilis (primary, secondary), take 300 mg per day for 10-12 days.
• The medication may cause the following side effects: dizziness and headaches, vascular collapse, increased sweating. Allergic reactions (skin itching, Quincke's edema, rash), diarrhea, constipation, glossitis, fungal infections, persistent changes in tooth enamel, reinfections with resistant strains are possible.

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Rovamycin

Macrolide antibiotic with bacteriostatic action. Active against streptococci, meningococci, chlamydia, campylobacter, leptospira. Moderately sensitive to bacteroides and cholera vibrio, insensitive to methicillin-resistant staphylococci, enterobacteria.

• Indications for use: sexually transmitted infections (syphilis, chlamydia, gonorrhea, toxoplasmosis), diseases of the genitourinary system, skin pathologies (phlegmon, erysipelas, abscesses), bronchopulmonary diseases and lesions of the ENT organs.
• The medicine is available in tablet and powder form for infusions. The dosage is selected for each patient individually and depends on the severity of the condition requiring treatment. Do not use in case of intolerance to its components, during pregnancy and lactation, as well as in case of severe liver damage.
• In case of overdose, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea occur. There is no specific antidote, so symptomatic therapy is indicated. Side effects most often cause discomfort in the epigastric region, nausea and vomiting, skin allergic reactions, development of pseudomembranous colitis, phlebitis.

Bicillin

A natural antibiotic of the penicillin group. The active substance is benzathine benzylpenicillin. Destroys harmful microorganisms by suppressing the synthesis of cell membranes and walls. This stops their growth and reproduction. Effective against gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria. The drug is available in the form of a powder for the preparation of a solution for intramuscular injection. There are three types of Bicillin with different compositions and concentrations of active components.

• Main indications for use: infections caused by penicillin-sensitive bacteria, syphilis, gonorrhea, yaws, respiratory tract infections, prevention of rheumatism, erysipelas.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the active substance and novocaine, urticaria, bronchial asthma, hay fever. Use of the drug during pregnancy and lactation is possible only under medical supervision.
• Side effects: dizziness and headaches, tinnitus, bronchospasm, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin allergic reactions, unstable blood pressure, superinfection, leukopenia, anaphylactic shock.

When treating with Becillin, patients are prescribed vitamin preparations of group B and ascorbic acid. This prevents fungal infections.

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Miramistin

An antiseptic with a hydrophobic effect on the cytoplasmic membranes of harmful microorganisms. The drug is active against all gram-positive and gram-negative, aerobic, anaerobic and other bacteria, including strains with increased resistance to antibiotics. Miramistin is effective against venereal diseases caused by: pale treponema, chlamydia, gonococci, trichomonas. Antifungal action helps in the fight against ascomycetes, yeast-like fungi, dermatophytes.

• Indications for use: treatment and prevention of STDs (trichomoniasis, syphilis, herpes, gonorrhea, genital candidiasis), therapy and prevention of dermatological pathologies (staphyloderma, dermatomycosis of smooth skin, candidomycosis of the skin and mucous membranes). The drug is used in surgery for wounds infected with bacteria (fistulas, bedsores, suppurating and postoperative wounds, trophic ulcers). Helps with frostbite, superficial and deep burns. Used in urology, gynecology, otolaryngology and dentistry.
• The product is available in the form of a solution and ointment for local use. The dosage and duration of therapy are selected by a doctor, individually for each patient. The solution is used for occlusive dressings, washing wounds, tampons and douching. The ointment is applied to the wound surface, and can be used with antibiotic tablets.
• Miramistin is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to its active ingredients. Side effects manifest as local allergic reactions - burning, redness, itching, which pass on their own without discontinuing the drug.

The medicine stimulates the immune non-specific response and the activity of immune cells, accelerating the healing of wound surfaces. Reduces the resistance of microorganisms to antibacterial agents and is not absorbed into the systemic bloodstream.

Retarpen

A drug with an active component, a β-lactam antibiotic with prolonged action. It is active against streptococci, penicillin-nasonide-producing staphylococci, anaerobes, treponemas and other microorganisms. It is available in powder form in vials for dilution and preparation of injections.

• Indications for use: treatment of syphilis, scarlet fever, erysipelas (chronic form), infected wounds, tonsillitis. Used for the prevention of various rheumatic pathologies, in the post-contact period after contact with people with syphilis, scarlet fever.
• Injections are administered intramuscularly. The suspension solution is prepared by introducing 5 ml of water for injection into a vial with powder. The product must be shaken for 20 seconds, drawn into a syringe and injected into the gluteal muscle (no more than 5 ml in one place). For the treatment of primary syphilis, two injections of 5 ml are administered at a weekly interval. For secondary, latent early syphilis, three injections are indicated at a weekly interval.
• Retarpen is contraindicated in cases of intolerance to penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics, bronchial asthma, in pediatric practice, with anamnesis of severe allergic reactions, pathologies for the treatment of which high plasma concentrations of penicillins are used. With special caution, it is prescribed for the treatment of pregnant women and for patients with liver dysfunction.
• Side effects occur in many organs and systems, but most often they are: skin rash and itching, joint, muscle and headaches, breathing problems, urticaria, nausea and vomiting, neuropathy, leukopenia, anaphylaxis and other pathological symptoms.
• If the dose prescribed by the doctor is exceeded, signs of overdose appear. Most often, patients experience encephalopathy, increased excitability and convulsive reactions. Gastrointestinal tract dysfunction is possible. There is no specific antidote, it is recommended to stop taking the drug and seek medical help.

Cefobid

The drug with the active substance is cefoperazone. It is prescribed for the treatment of infections of the genital, respiratory and urinary tracts, soft tissues, joints and bones. It is effective in pelvic inflammation, meningitis, septicemia, and in the prevention of infectious postoperative consequences.

Contraindicated in case of intolerance to cephalosporins, during pregnancy and lactation. Side effects are manifested in the form of skin allergic reactions, drug fever, neutropenia, increased levels of AST, ALT. Diarrhea, phlebitis, pain at the injection site, decreased blood clotting are possible.

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Cefotaxime

Semi-synthetic antibiotic of the cephalosporin group of the third generation. Belongs to the pharmacological group of antimicrobial and antiparasitic drugs. Has a broad spectrum of action, is effective against many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The mechanism of antimicrobial action is based on the inhibition of the activity of the transpeptidase enzyme by blocking the peptide glycan and disrupting the formation of the mucopeptide of the cell wall of harmful microorganisms.

• Prescribed for urinary tract infections, sexually transmitted diseases, otolaryngological diseases, septicemia, bone lesions, soft tissue lesions, abdominal cavity, gynecological infections.
• The dosage is selected for each patient individually. It is not used in case of intolerance to penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics, during pregnancy and breastfeeding, bleeding, liver and kidney dysfunction, enterocolitis in the anamnesis.
• Side effects and overdose symptoms most often manifest as allergic reactions. Desensitizing and symptomatic agents are used to treat them.

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Biyoquinol

Antimicrobial, antiparasitic drug. Belongs to the pharmacological group of antisyphilitic drugs. Has anti-inflammatory and resolving effects.

• It is used in the treatment of all forms of syphilis, non-specific lesions of the central nervous system, inflammation of the membranes and tissues of the brain, and head injuries.
• Contraindicated for the treatment of patients under 6 months of age, with increased bleeding, liver and kidney pathologies, inflammation of the mucous membrane of the gums, stomatitis, hypersensitivity to quinine, heart failure and severe forms of tuberculosis.
• The drug is administered intramuscularly into the gluteal muscle, in a two-stage method. The dosage depends on the severity of the patient's condition. Before the injection, the bottle is warmed in warm water and shaken. The course dose for syphilis is 30-40 ml depending on the stage, the daily dosage is 3-4 ml.
• Side effects: gingivitis, stomatitis, dermatitis, increased salivation, neuritis, inflammation of the facial nerve, bismuth nephropathy, polyneuritis, albuminuria.

Bismoverol

A pharmacological agent from the antisyphilitic group. The drug is indicated for all forms of syphilis. It has a therapeutic effect in diseases caused by spiral-shaped microorganisms.

• Injections are administered intramuscularly into the gluteal muscle. Adult patients are prescribed 1.5 ml 2 times a week, the course of treatment is 16-20 ml. Children's dosage is from 0.1 to 0.8 ml depending on the child's age.
• Contraindicated for use in kidney and liver diseases, increased bleeding, heart failure, stomatitis, diabetes. Side effects most often manifest themselves in the form of allergic skin reactions. The appearance of a dark blue border on the gums, increased protein content in the urine and trigeminal neuritis are possible.

In addition to the above-described tablets and other forms of drugs for syphilis, patients may be prescribed non-specific therapy. It is carried out for latent, contagious and late forms of the disease (congenital, neuroviscerosyphilis). The patient undergoes pyrotherapy, vitamin therapy, injections of biogenic stimulants and immunomodulators, ultraviolet irradiation. These methods can be used simultaneously with taking tablets.

Penicillin

The most popular and effective drug for the treatment of venereal diseases and syphilis is Penicillin. It is a product of the vital activity of various types of mold fungi. It is rightfully considered the main representative of the antibiotic group. It has a wide range of bactericidal and bacteriostatic action.

Active against streptococci, pneumococci, tetanus pathogens, gonococci, and Proteus. Ineffective in treating diseases caused by bacteria of the intestinal typhoid-dysentery group, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and tuberculosis bacilli, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.

The most effective way to use Penicillin is intramuscular injections. The medicine is quickly absorbed into the blood, passes into muscle tissue, lungs, joint cavity and wound exudate. The drug administered intramuscularly penetrates the pleural and abdominal cavity, overcomes the placental barrier.

• Indications for use: sepsis, meningococcal, pneumococcal, gonococcal infection, deeply localized and extensive infectious lesions, purulent meningitis, syphilis, gonorrhea, pneumonia, sycosis, erysipelas, brain abscesses. Effective as a prophylactic in the postoperative period for purulent complications, 3rd, 4th degree burns, wounds of soft tissues and chest. Before use, all patients undergo a sensitivity test.
• The dosage, form of release of the drug and the features of its use are individual for each patient and are selected by the doctor. The antimicrobial effect develops both locally and resorptively. The drug can be administered subcutaneously, intravenously, intramuscularly, into the spinal canal, under the tongue, used in the form of gargles and washes, inhalations, orally.
• Penicillin is contraindicated in case of its intolerance, bronchial asthma, hay fever, urticaria, allergic diseases. It is not prescribed for patients with hypersensitivity to sulfonamides and antibiotics.
• Side effects occur when the recommended dose is exceeded and the rules of use are not followed. Most often, these are allergic reactions, headaches, gastrointestinal disorders (nausea, vomiting, constipation) and respiratory disorders (asthmatic bronchitis, pharyngitis), candidiasis and anaphylactic reactions. Symptomatic therapy is carried out for treatment and an antidote is prescribed depending on the side symptoms.
• If the medication is used during pregnancy and breastfeeding, it is necessary to take into account the effect of sensitization of the fetus/child to penicillin. The medication is contraindicated for use simultaneously with alcohol.

Method of administration and dosage of tablets for syphilis

For effective treatment of venereal diseases, attention should be paid not only to the choice of the drug, but also to the method of its use. Doses of tablets for syphilis are selected individually for each patient. The treatment regimen is based on the stage of the pathology, the patient's age and the individual characteristics of his body.

For example, when using Penicillin in tablets, the patient is prescribed 250-500 mg every 8 hours. The maximum daily dosage should not exceed 750 mg. The drug is taken 30-40 minutes before meals or 2 hours after. The duration of therapy depends on the severity of the disease and the results of using the drug in the first days.

If Penicillin is used in injections, they can be administered intramuscularly, subcutaneously or intravenously, and can be administered into the spinal canal. In order for the therapy to be effective, the dosage is calculated so that 1 ml of blood contains up to 0.3 U of the drug when administered every 3-4 hours.

Using Syphilis Pills During Pregnancy

Syphilis during pregnancy is a serious problem that 10% of women face. Its danger is based on the fact that without professional medical care, the pathology can provoke serious consequences: miscarriage, premature birth, the birth of a child with congenital syphilis. The use of tablets for syphilis during pregnancy is possible after passing tests (screening) to confirm it. The study is carried out when registering with a women's consultation.

If the diagnosis is confirmed, the woman is prescribed two mandatory courses of therapy:

1. It is carried out in a hospital setting immediately after the infection is detected.
2. The preventive course can be carried out in a hospital or home clinic at 20-24 weeks of gestation.

This treatment helps reduce the likelihood of congenital syphilis developing in the fetus. The pregnant woman is prescribed antibiotics, usually Penicillin. This drug does not have a pathological effect on the child's body and cannot provoke abnormalities in its development.

In addition to Penicillin, the following antibiotics of the penicillin group can be used for treatment: Procaine benzylpenicillin, Sodium salt of benzylpenicillin, Ampicillin, Ceftriaxone, Novocaine salt of penicillin. The duration and doses of medications depend on the chosen remedy and are determined by the attending physician.

In some cases, the use of syphilis pills during pregnancy can provoke side effects. These can be headaches and dizziness, nausea, and increased body temperature. These reactions do not threaten the life of the fetus and, as a rule, pass on their own without the use of symptomatic therapy. But if the pills have caused abdominal pain or contractions, then you should immediately contact your doctor.

Contraindications for use

The tablets are contraindicated for use in case of hypersensitivity to their active substances. For example, V-Penicillin is prohibited for use in case of intolerance to this group of antibiotics, cephalosporins, sulfonamides and other drugs.

The drug is not recommended for patients with bronchial asthma, urticaria, hay fever and any other allergic diseases.

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Side effects of syphilis pills

Medicines for the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, like any other drugs, can provoke adverse reactions if the doctor's recommendations for their use are not followed. Side effects of syphilis pills are associated with hypersensitivity reactions. Let's consider possible side effects in more detail:

• Allergic reactions – urticaria, itching, peeling skin, angioedema, joint pain, anaphylactic shock with collapse, asthma, erythema multiforme, exfoliative dermatitis.
• Gastrointestinal disorders – stomatitis, glossitis, diarrhea, constipation, suspected pseudomembranous colitis. Oral and vaginal candidiasis is possible.
• Abnormal hematological parameters: eosinophilia, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, positive Coombs test. Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions secondary to bacteriolysis.

Overdose

If the doctor's recommendations for using the drug are not followed (high doses, long-term use), adverse reactions occur. Overdose is largely similar to side effects.

Most often, patients experience gastrointestinal disorders, water-electrolyte imbalance, headaches, and dizziness. In most cases, there is no specific antidote, so symptomatic therapy is indicated. In case of overdose, gastric lavage and hemodialysis are recommended.

Interactions with other drugs

In the treatment of venereal diseases, several medications can be used simultaneously to achieve a stable therapeutic result. Let's consider the possibility of interaction with other drugs using Penicillin as an example.

• Penicillins are active against proliferating microorganisms, so they are not recommended for use in combination with bacteriostatic antibiotics (Flucloxacillin, aminoglycosides, amino penicillins).
• When interacting with anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic and antipyretic agents (Salicylate, Indomethacin, Phenylbuazone) or with Probenecid, suppression of drug excretion is possible.
• Penicillin reduces the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
• Injections are incompatible with zinc-based drugs. It is also not recommended to use glucose solution, as this may provoke undesirable side effects.

Storage conditions

According to the instructions and storage conditions, syphilis tablets must be kept in the original packaging. The recommended storage temperature is room temperature, i.e. not higher than 25 °C. The tablets must be kept in a dry place, protected from moisture, sunlight and out of reach of children.

Failure to comply with storage conditions leads to spoilage of the drug: loss of physical and chemical properties and medicinal effect. The use of such a product can provoke uncontrolled side effects.

Best before date

Each tablet drug used for treatment has a certain expiration date. It is indicated on the medicine packaging. As a rule, tablets must be used within 3-5 years from the date of manufacture. After this period, the medicine is subject to disposal.

The use of expired drugs for medicinal purposes threatens adverse symptoms in many organs and systems.

Effective tablets for syphilis

Treatment of sexually transmitted diseases is a complex and lengthy process. The sooner therapy is started, the higher the chances of successful recovery. Let's consider the most effective tablets for syphilis, which are taken both from the first days of the pathology and in the last stages:

1. V-penicillin

A bactericidal acid-resistant penicillin antibiotic for oral use. Its antimicrobial action is due to the inhibition of the synthesis of cell walls of microorganisms. Available in packages of 250 mg and 500 mg of the active substance.

• Used for: syphilis, pneumococcal pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections, bacterial pharyngitis, endocarditis. Effective in the treatment of diseases caused by gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms.
• An absolute contraindication to use is intolerance to penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics. It is not used for allergic diseases (urticaria, asthma), gastrointestinal tract lesions, infectious mononucleosis, and renal dysfunction.
• Side effects occur in 5% of patients. Most often, these are allergic reactions: urticaria, itching, hyperemia of the skin. Fever, angioedema, increased bleeding, leukopenia are possible. Overdose symptoms are similar to side effects.

2. Vibramycin

An antibacterial agent with the active substance doxycycline. Available in the form of capsules for oral administration (10 pieces in a blister, 2 blisters in a package). It has a bacteriostatic effect, which consists in the process of inhibiting protein biosynthesis at the ribosomal level. The drug is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms, strains resistant to antibiotics. It actively affects pathogens of dangerous infections (plague, anthrax, chlamydia, brucella, legionella). Not sensitive to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and yeast fungi.

• Main indications for use: infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by sensitive microorganisms (pharyngitis, bronchitis, tracheitis, pneumonia), lesions of the ENT organs, infections of the genitourinary system (cystitis, prostatitis, urethritis, mycoplasmosis, gonorrhea, endocervicitis). Helps with skin and eye infections, as well as syphilis, legionellosis, yaws, furunculosis, gastrointestinal infections.
• Contraindicated for use in case of individual hypersensitivity to the active substance, severe liver failure, leukopenia, porphyria, during pregnancy and lactation, for patients under 8 years of age.
• For the treatment of syphilis, 300 mg is prescribed for 10 days. If necessary, a second course of treatment is possible. In case of overdose or failure to follow doctor's recommendations, side effects occur. As a rule, these are disorders of the digestive system (nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, esophagitis, gastritis), of the nervous system (headaches, dizziness, increased intracranial pressure), of the hematopoietic organs (neutropenia, eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, anemia). Allergic reactions are also possible (skin itching and rash, skin hyperemia, anaphylactic reactions, drug-induced lupus erythematosus). There is no specific antidote, so symptomatic therapy is indicated.

3. Vilprafen

Antimicrobial and antiparasitic agent. Belongs to the pharmacological category of antibiotics and macrolides. Its bacteriostatic action is due to the inhibition of protein synthesis by harmful microorganisms. High concentrations of the drug have a bactericidal effect. It is active against many intracellular microorganisms, gram-positive aerobic bacteria, gram-negative, anaerobic bacteria and against Treponema pallidum.

It is produced in the form of tablets with an enteric coating. One capsule contains 500 mg of josamycin. After oral administration, the active substance is quickly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum concentration is achieved 1-2 hours after administration. Josamycin penetrates biological membranes and has the ability to accumulate in tissues (pulmonary, lymphatic), urinary system organs, skin and soft tissues. It is excreted by the kidneys in the form of active metabolites.

• Indications for use: therapy and prevention of infectious and inflammatory diseases, lesions of the upper respiratory tract and ENT organs, diphtheria, scarlet fever. Infections of the oral cavity, urinary tract and genitals (syphilis, gonorrhea, prostatitis, urethritis). Lesions of the skin and soft tissues.
• Contraindicated for use in cases of intolerance to macrolide antibiotics, as well as in cases of severe liver dysfunction. Use during pregnancy and lactation is possible with a doctor's permission, when the benefit to the woman is higher than the potential risks to the fetus.
• The duration of treatment and dosage are individual for each patient and are selected by the attending physician. If these recommendations are not followed, side effects and overdose symptoms occur. Most often, disorders occur in the digestive system (nausea, vomiting, heartburn, diarrhea, impaired bile flow) and allergic reactions (urticaria, itching, hyperemia of the skin). To eliminate them, you must stop taking the drug or reduce the dosage, and seek medical help.

4. Doxal

A semi-synthetic antibiotic with a broad spectrum of action. Belongs to the tetracycline group, has a bacteriostatic effect, suppressing the synthesis of microbial protein. The active substance is doxycycline (100 g per tablet). It is active against most aerobic gram-positive, gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria.

• Prescribed for the treatment of the following diseases: syphilis, trachoma, acne, gonorrhea, urinary tract infections, psittacosis, mycoplasma pneumonia, pleurisy, bronchitis, pneumonia.

• Not used in case of hypersensitivity and for patients under 8 years of age. Not recommended during pregnancy and lactation, as it can cause irreversible pathologies in the fetus.

• The tablets are taken during meals, 1-2 capsules per day. For primary and secondary syphilis, 300 mg per day is indicated for 10 days. In case of overdose, side effects appear: allergic reactions, dyspeptic disorders, photosensitivity.

5. Potassium iodide

The tablets affect the synthetic function, i.e. the formation of hormones. They inhibit the formation of pituitary hormones, increase sputum secretion, and break down proteins. The drug prevents the accumulation of radioactive iodine in the thyroid gland.

• Potassium iodide is used in the complex therapy of syphilis. The drug is effective in diseases of the thyroid gland, inflammatory lesions of the respiratory tract, otolaryngological pathologies, fungal infections.
• The product is prohibited for use in cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, kidney disease, multiple purulent inflammation of the skin, increased bleeding, during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
• Side effects manifest themselves in the form of non-infectious inflammation of the mucous membranes: urticaria, runny nose, Quincke's edema, discomfort in the epigastric region.

6. Minolexin

An antibiotic from the pharmacological group of tetracyclines. Has bacteriostatic properties. Active against gram-positive, gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria. Effective in the treatment of Treponema pallidum, Mycobacterium spp and Ureaplasma urealyticum.

• Indications for use: syphilis, gonorrhea, acne, pneumonia, tonsillitis, intestinal infections, purulent soft tissue infections, osteomyelitis, brucellosis, trachoma. The drug is prohibited for patients with liver dysfunction, hypersensitivity to tetracyclines and for children under 8 years of age.
• For oral administration, the daily dosage for adults is 100-200 mg, for children the first dose is 4 mg/kg and then 2 mg/kg every 12 hours.
• The active substances penetrate the placental barrier and are excreted in breast milk. Therefore, it is not prescribed in the second trimester of pregnancy and during lactation. Side effects are manifested in the form of vestibular disorders, gastrointestinal disorders and skin allergic reactions.

7. Monoclinic

A drug that inhibits protein synthesis in the cells of harmful microorganisms. It is active against gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms, protozoa, and intracellular pathogens. The active substance is doxycycline. After oral administration, it is rapidly absorbed in the upper part of the digestive tract. The maximum concentration in the blood plasma is achieved within 2-4 hours. It is excreted by the kidneys in the urine.

• Indications for use: diseases caused by treponema (in case of syphilis, it is prescribed only in case of allergy to beta-lactams), genitourinary infections, cholera, acne, brucellosis, chlamydial infection, mycoplasma, gonococci. As a rule, 1-2 tablets are taken per day, the duration of therapy is determined by the attending physician.
• Contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding, as the active component penetrates the placenta and into breast milk. Not prescribed for intolerance to doxycycline and other components of the drug, for patients under 8 years of age.
• Side effects and overdose are manifested in the form of dyspeptic disorders, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting. Hemolytic anemia, superinfection, anorexia, hypoplasia of dental enamel, various allergic reactions are possible. For treatment, it is necessary to stop taking the tablets and conduct symptomatic therapy.

8. Tetracycline

A broad-spectrum antibiotic. One tablet contains 100 mg of tetracycline hydrochloride. Has a bacteriostatic effect. Active against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, most strains of Bacteroides fragilis, fungi and small viruses.

• Tetracycline is prescribed for syphilis, gonorrhea, intestinal infections, pneumonia, bronchitis, endocarditis, gonorrhea, osteomyelitis, trachoma, conjunctivitis, cholecystitis and other diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug. Adult patients are prescribed 250 mg every 6 hours, the maximum daily dosage is up to 2000 mg. For children over 7 years old, 25 mg/kg of body weight every 6 hours.
• Contraindicated in renal failure, mycosis, hypersensitivity to tetracycline, for pregnant and breastfeeding women, for children under 8 years of age, and leukopenia.
• Possible side effects: nausea and vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, glossitis, abdominal pain, allergic reactions. In rare cases, Quincke's edema and photosensitivity occur. Long-term use of the drug can cause intestinal dysbacteriosis, candidiasis, vitamin B deficiency, leukopenia, neutropenia.

Syphilis tablets are used only as prescribed by a doctor from the first days of the diagnosed disease. A properly composed course of treatment allows you to completely eliminate the pathology, preventing its complications.

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