SANVAL

Among a large number of psycholeptic drugs affecting the nervous system, a number of hypnotics and sedatives are singled out, one of which is Sanval, an effective drug based on zolpidem. The drug refers to agents similar to benzodiazepine.

Sanvall is not sold freely: it requires a prescription confirmation from a doctor to purchase it.

[1], [2]

Indications SANVAL

Medicinal sleeping pills and sedatives Sanvall is used to correct sleep disorders, namely:

• with difficulties at the stage of falling asleep;
• at an early morning awakening;
• with regular or periodic awakenings in the middle of the night, followed by a difficult falling asleep.

As a rule, Sanvall is used for short-term treatment and restoring the quality of sleep, and for long-term use it is necessary to select other medications of this kind.

[3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]

Release form

Sanvall is a tablet form of a drug. A distinctive feature of the tablets is the presence of a film-coated coating designed to prevent the inactivation of the drug as a result of exposure to gastric juice.

One tablet contains 5 or 10 mg of the zolpidem tartrate component. Tablets with a dosage of 5 mg have a gentle pink shade, and 10 mg tablets are white, with a notch on one side for convenient dosing.

The package can contain one or two blister plates, 10 pieces of tablets in each plate. In the packaging, an abstract is added to this medication with the specified production date.

The names of the analogs of the drug SANVAL

The pharmaceutical industry produces quite a large number of all kinds of drugs, similar in composition and action with the drug SANVAL:

• Adorma - tablets (R. Macedonia)
• Hypnogen - tablets (Czech Republic, Zentiva)
• Zolsana - tablets (Slovenia)
• Iwadal - tablets (Great Britain)

In addition to these drugs, such medications as Andante, Rofen, Selofen, Zopiclone, Imovan, Normason, Piclon, Somnol, Sonat and Sonovan also have such an action.

Before substituting a prescription for a drug prescribed by the doctor Sanvall for an analog preparation, it is necessary to consult a specialist beforehand.

[9]

Pharmacodynamics

The drug Sanvall belongs to the category of imidazopyridines and has a mild hypnotic activity.

Drug Sanval has a sedative effect with mildly expressed axiolytic, myorelaxing and anti-seizure property. The active composition of the drug irritates the benzodiazepine receptors in the α-subunit of the complex GABA-receptor systems located in the region of the IV plate of the motor-sensory cortical areas, in the reticular formation of the black matter, the visual tubercles of the ventral thalamic system,

The connection with the ω-receptors leads to the discovery of iono-neural pathways of neurons for chlorine ions.

Sanval potentiates the stage of falling asleep, regulates the number of awakenings at night, and wants a nightly rest more lasting and qualitative. The effect of lengthening of the II phase of sleep and stages of deep sleep is noted.

Sanvall does not provoke drowsiness during the day.

[10], [11], [12], [13], [14]

Pharmacokinetics

After taking Sanval's drug, positive results are detected almost immediately. The active ingredient is rapidly absorbed into the digestive system. Its maximum content in plasma is detectable in 30-180 minutes. Biological availability is 70%, the degree of binding with proteins is up to 92%.

It was found that the concentration of serum taken directly from the amount of the drug taken directly depends on its concentration. Metabolism of the active ingredient occurs in the liver, where three inactive products are formed. Some of them excrete kidneys (more than 50%), and partially - the intestines (less than 40%). The half-life can be 0.7-3.5 hours.

The drug Sangwal has no effect on the induction of hepatic enzymes.

In elderly patients, clearance rates may decrease, while the half-life does not significantly increase. The limiting concentration is increased by 50%. In patients with severe kidney disease, the change in clearance is not clinically expressed. In severe liver pathologies, the bioavailability of the active substances can increase, and the half-life extends to 10 hours.

[15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21]

Dosing and administration

Sanvall is intended for internal use. Dosage and duration of the treatment course should be determined and monitored by the treating doctor. It is absolutely unacceptable to make changes in medical prescriptions independently.

The standard daily amount of medication is usually 10 mg before going to bed. If the doctor deems it necessary, then he can increase the dosage to 15 mg. It should be noted that the maximum daily dose is not more than 20 mg of the drug.

Elderly patients and those suffering from liver failure are not recommended to take a dose of more than 5 mg. In rare cases, 10 mg per day is allowed.

The effect of Sangwal is manifested many times better if the drug was taken immediately before going to bed.

The total duration of the treatment course should not exceed one month. 

[30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35]

Use SANVAL during pregnancy

Studies of the drug Svanwal were carried out only in animals (in rats and rabbits): no adverse effect of the drug on reproductive function and fetal development was observed. Nevertheless, since specific studies involving human subjects have not been practiced, experts recommend refraining from applying Sangwal during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

If the patient has found a pregnancy during the course of taking the drug Sangwal, then she should point this out to her treating doctor.

In the period of breastfeeding, the use of Sanvala is also undesirable, since the information obtained during animal experiments indicates that this drug can suppress the production of breast milk. In addition, the active ingredient of Sanvala is found in the composition of breast milk.

Contraindications

The categorical contraindication to the prescription of the drug Sanvall is a high likelihood of an allergic reaction to the drug.

 Additional contraindications are:

• the period of gestation and feeding of the child;
• children under the age of 15 years.

 It is recommended to limit the use of Sanvall in such situations:

• if there are cases of sudden stopping of breathing during sleep (apnea);
• at the phenomena of respiratory insufficiency;
• with myasthenia gravis;
• if the patient is in a depressed state;
• at chronic alcoholism of the patient;
• if there is any drug dependence, abuse of medicines;
• with significant disorders of the functional capacity of the liver or kidneys;
• in old age.

[22], [23], [24], [25]

Side effects SANVAL

During treatment with the drug Sangwal, the development of adverse events is possible. This happens relatively rarely (in about 1% of cases), however, you should know about such situations and be ready for them.

Possible side effects can be manifested as:

• pain in the abdomen, dyspepsia;
• headache, memory disorders and motor coordination, dizziness;
• increased sweating, blanching of the skin, lowering of arterial pressure, periodic excitation, paresthesias, stupor;
• allergic reactions, skin rashes.

Long-term use of the drug SANVAL can serve as the beginning of the development of drug dependence, therefore it is not recommended to take the medication without the doctor's permission for a long time.

[26], [27], [28], [29]

Overdose

Any kind of overdose by Sanvall, whether it is accidental or intentional, requires immediate medical attention.

Symptoms of overdose can be manifested in the form of disorders of consciousness (from the feeling of fatigue and drowsiness to the development of coma), difficulty breathing and lower blood pressure. Severe intoxication with the drug requires urgent medical attention.

In case of an overdose, the stomach is washed without fail. An antidote can be used with Flumazenil - a detoxification agent, a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. With any reaction of the body to excessive intake of Sanvala - even with strong psychomotor agitation - in no case should you administer any sedative to the patient.

The effectiveness of dialysis against the drug Sanvall is not confirmed. If there are other signs of an overdose, the doctor prescribes appropriate symptomatic therapy.

[36], [37]

Interactions with other drugs

The drug interactions of Sanvall with certain medications are considered probable. For example, concomitant therapy with Sanval and drugs that oppress NS (opioids, antitussives, antipsychotics, barbiturates, sedatives, antidepressants, antihistamines, cloridine) can enhance this depressing effect.

Flumazenil, being an antidote, neutralizes the soporific effect of Sanvale.

Tranquilizers increase the likelihood of drug dependence on the drug Sangwal.

The active ingredient in Sanvala can stimulate the effects of Chlorpromazine and Imipramine, and also prolong the half-life of these drugs.

Strengthen the soothing effect of the drug SANVAL such agents as ketoconazole or ritonavir.

Alcohol and alcohol-containing beverages and medicines can enhance the depressing effect of the drug Sanval on the CNS.

[38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43],

Storage conditions

The drug Sanvall is recommended to store at standard room temperature, with a maximum thermometer reading of + 25 ° C. If the family has children, or people with unstable psyche, then their access to the storage of medicines should be as limited as possible.

[44], [45]

Shelf life

The drug Sanvall can be stored for up to 3 years, under proper conditions. At the end of this period, the drug should not be used in any case: it should be discarded.

[46], [47], [48]