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Raunatin is an antihypertensive drug. Included in the category of adrenolytics with a central effect. Contains alkaloids rauwolfia.
Pharmacodynamics
The medicine is of vegetable origin, it contains the sum of alkaloids derived from the roots of Rauvólfia serpentína or the root cortex of emetic rauwolfia (the Kurt family). Among the alkaloids are serpentine with reserpine, and also Aymalin and so on.
Raunatin possesses antihypertensive properties, which develop due to a decrease in the level of biogenic amines (such as noradrenaline with serotonin and dopamine) inside the central nervous system (inside the cortico-hypothalamic systems, especially in the posterior region of the hypothalamus). Preventing the deposition of vesicular conductors within the presynaptic membrane in the peripheral nerve receptor region of the adrenergic type, and also within the adrenal medulla and the vessel wall, the drug blocks adrenergic transmission, resulting in a gradual decrease in blood pressure.
Antihypertensive effect develops gradually (in comparison with reserpine), but it is not too inferior to it in its severity. The peculiarity of the drug is that it can strengthen renal filtration of the glomeruli, as a result of which the blood circulation inside the kidneys increases.
The drug has anti-arrhythmic properties along with a sedative effect on the central nervous system. In comparison with the action of reserpine, the sedative properties of drugs are less pronounced.
The medicinal effect of Raunatin begins gradually, approximately to the 10th-14th day from the beginning of drug use, and then persists for 2-3 months.
In some cases, ronatin is tolerated more easily than reserpine.
Pharmacokinetics
About 40% of the drug is absorbed from the digestive tract after oral administration. In this case, the peak plasma index is observed after 1-3 hours. About 40% of the substance is synthesized with plasma protein.
A small part of the medicine passes the metabolism inside the small intestinal mucosa, and then absorbed into the blood and excreted through the kidneys after 24 hours. The main part of the drug passes hepatic metabolism with the participation of certain enzymes (hydrolytic and oxidative). The half-life of the substance is within 50-170 hours.
Excretion is rather slow, carried out with urine, mainly in the form of decay products. Only less than 1% of the drug is outputted unchanged. About 40% of Raunatin is excreted unchanged in 96 hours.
Contraindications
The main contraindications:
- intolerance of alkaloids rauwolfia;
- state of depression;
- organic disorders in the myocardium;
- coronary insufficiency;
- decreased blood pressure;
- exacerbated gastric ulcer or ulcerative pathology of the duodenal ulcer, as well as ulcerative form of colitis;
- tremor paralysis or nephrosclerosis;
- seizures of epilepsy;
- cholelithiasis;
- bronchial asthma;
- bradycardia;
- the expressed degree of a cerebral atherosclerosis;
- application before the procedures of electropulse treatment.
It is forbidden to use in children, as there is no information regarding the use of Rownutin in this age group of patients.
Side effects of the raunatin
The taking of tablets can trigger the development of the following adverse reactions: hyperhidrosis, sensation of weakness, and edema of the nasal mucosa. In addition, sleep disorders, depression, dizziness, hypersalivation, bradycardia and orthostatic collapse are possible. Cardialgia, asthenia, ulcerogenic effect, manifestations of allergies, parkinsonism and dyspepsia can also occur, and in addition libido decreases. People with angina may experience pain in the heart.
Eliminate the disorder can reduce the dosage or cancellation of the medicine.
Continuous use of large doses of drugs can provoke functional hepatic disorder, the occurrence of nightmares, an increase in the frequency of angina attacks, and the development of manifestations of parkinsonism.
Dosing and administration
Use Raunatinum orally after eating. On the 1st day of treatment, you need to drink a 1-inch pill in the evening. On the 2nd - 1-well pill twice a day. On the 3rd - 1-n pill three times a day. So continue until the total amount taken for a day of tablets is 4-6 pieces. After achieving a persistent drug exposure, the dosage should be gradually reduced to 1-2 tablets per day.
The duration of the therapeutic course is selected by the treating doctor individually and depends on the tolerability of the drug to patients, as well as the degree of control of elevated blood pressure. In the case of long-term use of drugs (more than 3-4 weeks), the maintenance daily dosage should not be more than the 1st pill.
Overdose
Signs of an overdose: hyperhidrosis, a feeling of general weakness, as well as a pronounced decrease in blood pressure. With severe intoxication after a short-lived euphoric segment, there is hypodynamia, depression, a feeling of drowsiness, severe symptoms of trembling paralysis, and a coma. In addition, there is a loss of consciousness.
To eliminate the disorders will require gastric lavage, as well as the use of activated charcoal. It is necessary to induce vomiting, as well as immediately call a doctor who will perform further symptomatic treatment.
In the case of developing signs of parkinsonism, cyclodol is used. Also shown is an intensive diuresis. If there was a significant decrease in blood pressure or a collapse, it is required to lay the injured person horizontally, lifting his legs. If necessary, inject intravenously rheopoliglyukin or mezaton, adding angiotensinamide or a solution of noradrenaline hydrotartrate (2%).
Sympathomimetics are prescribed very cautiously, as they can provoke pulmonary edema. Can be administered sc, a solution of sodium caffeine-benzoate (10%). If there is a delay in breathing or a sharp suppression of this process, it is necessary to suck the mucus from the respiratory ducts, perform intubation, oxygen therapy, and also make artificial respiration.
The medicine does not have specific antidotes.
Interactions with other drugs
To prevent the possibility of complications, it is necessary to appoint Raunatin in small doses, and its medicinal effect should be strengthened by combining with saluretics and hypotensive drugs.
You can not combine medicine with dopegitom, since this can provoke depression.
The drug enhances the properties of barbiturates, as well as other hypnotic drugs, muscle relaxants, cholinomimetics (among them carbachol with acetylcholine and acetylidine), adrenomimetics (such as norepinephrine with adrenaline and mezatone), and in addition inhalation drugs.
Increases arrhythmogenic effect of digitalis. Strengthens the bradycardic and antihypertensive effects of anaprilin. Reduces the analgesic properties of morphine, as well as holinoblokatorov and anticonvulsants.
With a combination of antihypertensive drugs, which contain alkaloids rauwolfia, and alcoholic beverages can exacerbate the overwhelming effect on the central nervous system.
Raunatin combined with drugs that contain alcohol, or antagonists of A-adrenergic receptors, can provoke an orthostatic collapse.
Permissible sequential or simultaneous use with other antihypertensive drugs (eg, hydralazine, as well as hydrochlorothiazide and ganglion blockers) is allowed.
Caution is required when combined with guanethidine, quinidine, as well as beta-adrenoblockers and cardiac glycosides.
Combination of antihypertensive drugs with drugs for general anesthesia can provoke a state of collapse.
Attention!
To simplify the perception of information, this instruction for use of the drug "Raunatin" translated and presented in a special form on the basis of the official instructions for medical use of the drug. Before use read the annotation that came directly to medicines.
Description provided for informational purposes and is not a guide to self-healing. The need for this drug, the purpose of the treatment regimen, methods and dose of the drug is determined solely by the attending physician. Self-medication is dangerous for your health.