Pseudo-erosion of cervix uteri

Pseudo-erosion of the cervix is a violation of the skin, which can later develop into real erosion. In this case, the multilayer epithelium "crawls" on the mucous surface, when erosion begins.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]

Causes of the cervical pseudo erosion

The cause of this disease can be any change in the epithelium. Among the most common are:

1. Venereal infections.
2. Early onset of sexual activity.
3. Injuries after severe childbirth, abortion or improperly conducted examination.
4. Injuries of domestic character (use of a dildo, violent sexual intercourse).
5. Diseases of the gynecological nature, which became the cause of inflammation (colpitis, endocervitis, cervicitis).
6. Dysbacteriosis of the vagina.
7. Contraceptives of chemical type.
8. Imbalance in the hormonal background.
9. Weakened immunity.

[7], [8], [9], [10]

Pathogenesis

It is very important to monitor your health and, at least once every six months, visit a gynecologist. These recommendations are especially suitable for girls after 25 years of age, in whom pseudo-erosion of the cervix develops most often. Remember, the main cause of this disease is inflammation, so try to always use contraceptives when changing your sexual partner.

[11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16]

Symptoms of the cervical pseudo erosion

Unfortunately, the development of this disease has no clear symptoms, so many women do not even suspect that they are sick. Neither pain, nor any unpleasant sensations more often does not arise. The vagina of the patient can be clean, without irritation or itching.

Sometimes there are not abundant white or transparent discharge without sharp odors, which indicate the course of a small inflammation. In some cases (if pseudo-erosion is caused by diseases like vaginosis), the discharge may have a "rotten" smell. Usually, pseudo-erosion of the cervix is diagnosed after examination.

According to recent studies, this disease is more often sick:

1. Young women under 30 (67%) - this is due to frequent hormonal failures.
2. Women from 30 to 40 are sick much less often (three times).
3. And among patients older than 40, only 10% show pseudo-erosion.

[17]

First signs

Usually girls begin to notice that something is wrong with their body when vaginal discharge appears with a different shade and smell. This is the first sign that inflammation occurs inside, which can cause pseudo-erosion. If you notice unusual, abundant discharge of white, pink, yellow (with or without smell), you should immediately consult a gynecologist and undergo an examination.

[18], [19], [20], [21]

Forms

Pseudo-erosion of the cervix has several types: glandular, cystic, papillary, papillary, epidermal, glandular-cystic.

Glandular pseudo-erosion of the cervix

It differs greatly erosive glands. That is, the cylindrical epithelium grows not only outside the neck, but also penetrates into the deep layers. This is the initial stage of the disease. The main difference can be called the fact that the glandular appearance can develop in the body of a woman from one to two and even three years without disturbing it. This species is found in modern medicine most often.

[22]

Pseudo-pseudo-erosion of the cervix

Papillary or glandular papillary pseudo-erosion of the cervix is characterized by the formation of distinct outgrowths in the form of small papillae. They are covered with a cylindrical epithelium from above. Many gynecologists believe that this kind is more likely not a disease, but a pathology of tissue formation.

Pseudo-pseudo-erosion of the cervix often has these symptoms:

1. Painful pains in the lower abdomen.
2. Weak itching of the vagina.
3. Sometimes there is a burning sensation.
4. After sexual intercourse, there may be small spotting.
5. From the vagina there are always discharge (white or transparent).

Cystic pseudo-erosion of the cervix

It is characterized by the presence of small cystic seals that arise between the creeping tissues of the cylindrical layers. Cystic, as well as glandular pseudo-erosion occur most often.

[23], [24], [25]

Glandro-cystic pseudo-erosion of the cervix

In its pure form, different types of pseudo-erosion are extremely rare. Usually they are combined with each other. Recently, many patients diagnosed with glandular cystic pseudo-erosion of the cervix, which is characterized by an increase in erosive glands, between which cysts arise. This disease is quite serious, since the secret that blocks erosive glands and channels between them often leads to infection. Therefore inflammatory processes in the vagina and on the wall of the cervix rarely pass.

Epidermal pseudo-erosion of the cervix

Also called "healing". This type of pseudo-erosion often occurs after the effective treatment of diseases that have caused the onset of pathology. The process of epidermisation occurs in this way: first the flat epithelium, which is formed from the reserve cells, begins to displace the cylindrical epithelium. The healing of pseudo-erosion occurs only when the entire cylindrical epithelium disappears. Unfortunately, even after such a process, cystic formations can remain. Because of this there is deformation of the cervix and its increase.

Papillary pseudo-erosion of the cervix

It is distinguished by the presence of overgrown papillary stroma, which are covered from above with a cylindrical epithelium. In such stroma there are small-cell infiltrates and other inflamed areas.

Complications and consequences

Pseudo-erosion of the cervix is considered a background disease that does not endanger the life or health of a woman. But do not think that such a disease does not need treatment. Pseudo-erosion of the cervix disrupts the whole structure of the epithelium and becomes a dangerous place for the development of various inflammatory processes.

Pseudo-erosion can develop and grow in women for years. If it exists for too long, dysplasia, which is a precancerous condition, may appear in the punctate cysts (peculiar cavities with cervical mucus). In addition, because of the proliferation of cystic formations, the chance of fertilization may decrease.

[26], [27], [28],

Complications

The main complication that can occur in the later stages of development of pseudo-erosion of the cervix is female infertility. Expanding cysts, inside of which cervical mucus is collected, interfere with the passage of spermatozoa, so conception does not occur. That such did not happen, it is recommended after 25 years annually to visit the gynecologist and to do or examine mucus.

Note that pseudo-erosion often returns again. This is due to the fact that the antibacterial function of the mucous membrane is disrupted.

[29], [30], [31], [32]

Diagnostics of the cervical pseudo erosion

During the examination of a gynecologist, pseudo-erosion is fairly well visible. It has the appearance of a bright red granular formation on the cervix. Sometimes blood comes out of it when pressed.

There are the following methods for diagnosing pseudo-erosion of the cervix:

1. Colposcopy is expanded - examination of the affected areas, as well as of the vagina with a special microscope (colposcope) is performed. Thanks to this method, it is possible not only to diagnose the disease, but also to see the degree of tissue damage and their structure.
2. Taking CPR-smears to conduct microscopic examinations for the presence of any infections. Smears are taken from the cervix and cervical canal.
3. Taking smears from the urethra, vagina, cervix and conducting microscopic studies on possible foci of inflammation.
4. Taking blood to study the level of hormones.
5. Carrying out histological analyzes to reveal oncological processes.

[33], [34]

Analyzes

1. Oncocytological examination - scraping is taken from the upper part of the cervix and cervical canal, which is sent for analysis. Thanks to this research, you can see if atypical tissues are benign or malignant. Also, the analysis allows you to make an accurate diagnosis.
2. A tissue biopsy from the cervix is carried out only after the results of the oncocytological study are known. A small part of the affected cervix is given for analysis.
3. Analysis for the presence or absence of the ten most common gynecological infections.
4. Bacteriological sowing for candidiasis. In the presence of infection, an analysis is also conducted to determine the sensitivity to different antibiotics.
5. Analysis for myco-ureaplasma and flora.
6. Analysis for HIV infection (blood donation).
7. Analysis for the presence of antibodies against chlamydia, HSV and CMP (ELISA).
8. Gynecological smear on the purity of the vagina, urethra and cervical canal.

[35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40]

Instrumental diagnostics

The main method of instrumental diagnosis of pseudo-erosion of the cervix is colposcopy.

Colposcopy - examination of the entrance to the vagina, the walls of the vagina, the cervix with a special microscope. It consists of a binocular and a lighting device. The examination is carried out on the gynecological chair. The patient does not feel pain or any unpleasant sensations. In order to better be seen lesions in the vagina inserted gynecological mirror. This method has no contraindications and can be held on any day of the menstrual cycle.

Differential diagnosis

You can see pseudo-erosion of the cervix even with the usual gynecological examination, but doctors can not always accurately diagnose this disease. Pseudo-erosion of the cervix is very similar in appearance to the usual erosion and dysplasia. That is why we can assume that the main method of differential diagnosis is colposcopy. Also, various analyzes and studies help to identify the disease.

Treatment of the cervical pseudo erosion

Pseudo-erosion of the cervix is treated with medication and surgery. First, the doctor can assign different types of antibiotics to remove the cause of the disease. Antimicrobial, restorative and hormonal agents are also prescribed, which help prepare the cervix for operations.

Among the main non-pharmacological methods can be identified:

1. Diathermocoagulation or electrocoagulation - the lesion is burned by electric current. This method is deprecated.
2. Cryodestruction - treatment with liquid nitrogen.
3. Laser destruction - laser removal.
4. Radio wave surgery.

Which method is best for your individual case to be chosen by the attending physician. For pregnant women and girls who have not yet given birth, a radio wave method is recommended, since there are no scars left behind on the cervix that can impede the opening of the uterus during childbirth. Mature women are often recommended cryodestruction or laser destruction, but it is worthwhile to understand that after such an intervention scars will remain.

Radio wave surgery is usually prescribed on the 5th or 10th day of the menstrual cycle, when all the discharges end. If the operation is performed after childbirth, then on day 45 after them.

The radio wave method is contraindicated in such cases:

1. Allocations in the form of blood and the first days of menstruation.
2. Inflammations that occur at the site of the disease (vulvovaginitis, endometritolpitis).
3. Infectious and somatic diseases of an acute type. Including ARVI, cystitis, rhinitis, pyelonephritis. Also, do not do with increased body temperature.
4. Oncology.
5. Propensity to heavy bleeding.
6. Mental disorders.
7. Diabetes.
8. Physical or emotional stress.

Radio wave surgery can be performed with uterine myoma, HPV, breastfeeding or the presence of a cyst.

Advantages of the radio wave method:

1. After the first procedure, noticeable results.
2. The burn trail does not develop.
3. No need to use additional funds to heal faster.

Immediately after the surgery in the first days of the patient, mild pains in the lower abdomen are noted. They pass by themselves with time. Within a week or two, there may be a brown or reddish discharge that does not have a smell.

After the operation, the first 10 days can not be:

1. Swim in the water, go to the baths and saunas.
2. Cancel physical activity and long hikes.
3. Do not engage in sexual intimacy.

Pregnancy can be planned as early as a month after radio wave surgery.

Medications

Among the main drugs that are used to treat pseudo-erosion of the cervix, antibacterial and antimicrobial are isolated. Usually prescribe medicines in the form of candles, which are inserted into the vagina. But also tablets are recommended to improve the flora.

1. Terzhinan - a drug that is used to treat diseases of the gynecological type. Has antibacterial and antifungal effects. Prescribe a course usually in 10 days. The suppository is injected deep into the vagina at night. Among the main side reactions can be identified: burning, itching, allergies.
2. Lactobacterin - has antibacterial action against many pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic bacteria. When gynecological diseases is introduced intravaginally. The course is individual and is prescribed strictly by a doctor.
3. Bifidumbacterin - is available in the form of a powder. Has antibacterial action. Applied intravaginally. The course is appointed by the doctor depending on the disease.
4. Depantol - a drug that has a regenerating, metabolic and antiseptic effect. Treatment is carried out one to three weeks. Suppositories are injected into the vagina once or twice a day.

Alternative treatment

Remember that alternative drugs, like medicines, have contraindications, so before using them, consult a doctor.

1. With pseudo-erosion of the cervix, sea buckthorn oil is used. For this, tampons are taken. The course of treatment lasts 8-12 days. The results are not only effective, but also persistent.
2. Take 2.5 grams of mummy and dissolve it in half a glass of plain water. Moisten the tampons in solution and inject deeply into the vagina for the whole night. The course is individual.
3. Take the infusion of eucalyptus (1 teaspoon) and dilute in warm water (one glass). Do syringings every day.
4. Make a solution for syringing based on 2% tincture of calendula (1 teaspoon) and water (one glass). The course usually takes up to a week.

[41], [42], [43]

Herbal Treatment

1. Take 4 tablespoons of the crushed herb St. John's wort and pour boiled water (2 liters). Put on a small fire and cook for 10 minutes. Then remove and another half an hour to insist. The solution is suitable for douching.
2. Take one glass of boiling water, add 20 grams of bark of ordinary elm. Heat on a small fire and cook for about twenty minutes. After that, dilute again in water (1: 1 ratio) and do syringing.
3. 20 grams of dried sage (leaves), 30 grams of chamomile, 10 grams of lavender, common sagebrush, birch (leaves), swine swine, oak (bark), marigolds and bird cherry (inflorescence) to mix. Take 15 grams of the mixture and pour water (1 liter). Cook up to two hours (can be more). Strain and use for syringing. The course is 7 days twice a day.

Homeopathy

Remember that in the treatment of pseudo-erosion of the cervix, homeopathic remedies can only be a supplement.

1. Acidum nitrikum - must be taken only with regular examination of the doctor. Dosage is mandatory with a high dilution of the drug in water.
2. Argentum metalcum - also known as "metallic silver". It is sometimes used in the treatment of erosions and pseudo-erosions of the cervix.
3. Creosotum - also known as "beech tar". Helps to get rid of bleeding and small sores.

Operative treatment

1. Electrocoagulation is an outdated method that is still used in some small clinics. First, drug treatment is provided, which helps to get rid of the causes that caused pseudo-erosion. Only after this it is possible to start treatment with an electric shock. Thanks to the use of local anesthesia, the method is completely painless. After the operation there are scars and scars, so it is suitable only for those women who have already given birth. Healing occurs from 2 weeks to a month (in some cases, longer). At this time, you can not take a bath, swim in the water, go to the bathhouse or sauna. You also need to wait with sex life. Sometimes for a quick healing the gynecologist can recommend special candles.
2. Cryodestruction - liquid nitrogen is used to remove the affected layers of the epithelium. The procedure is painless, thanks to local anesthesia. Suitable already giving birth to women, as scar tissue remains on the cervix. The area is cooled to a temperature of 90-180 degrees. An important advantage is that healthy tissues during cryodestruction are practically not injured. The duration of the operation is less than half an hour. Damaged tissues are excreted from the body naturally within two to three months.
3. Laser destruction - removal of pseudo-erosion of the cervix with a laser. You can not perform this treatment for inflammatory processes in the vagina, if there are malignant tumors, if the affected tissue has gone too far into the cervical canal.

Prevention

If a girl lives a regular sex life, changing her partners and not being protected properly, it negatively affects the microflora of the vagina. To pseudo-erosion of the cervix did not arise, it is necessary to carry out preventive measures, among which the following are highlighted:

1. Regular trips to the gynecologist (every six months).
2. Proper personal hygiene.

[44], [45], [46], [47]

Forecast

Remember that untimely treatment of pseudo-erosion will lead to the formation of dysplasia or normal erosion of the cervix, which in turn is one of the reasons for the formation of cancer. Also, such a disease can lead to serious inflammatory processes. Treatment usually gives good results, but sometimes there are relapses of the disease, if a woman continues to live too stormy sex life and does not care about her health.

[48], [49], [50], [51]