2nd generation probiotics

Probiotics of the 2nd generation consist of yeast-like fungi and bacillary spores. The next generation is represented by probiotics that include several strains of beneficial bacteria, and finally, the 4th generation is live flora bacteria that are immobilized on a sorbent.

Probiotics are the protectors of the human body's microflora. Due to their composition of beneficial bacteria and fungi, they have the ability to prevent negative changes, and in the case of dysbacteriosis, to restore the optimal ratio of microorganisms.

Depending on the composition, probiotics are classified according to classification. Thus, the first generation of pharmacological agents are represented by single-component structures that include a certain strain of beneficial bacteria.

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Indications for the use of 2nd generation probiotics

Baktisubtil is widely used in acute and chronic forms of diarrhea syndrome, the cause of which can be either an infectious agent, or a pathology of internal organs or a violation of the nutritional regime. This is especially true for babies, when the diet and quality of products change, resulting in digestion disorders.

The drug can also be used to treat and prevent dysbacteriosis against the background of taking antibacterial or chemotherapeutic agents, since baktisubtil is resistant to the effects of these agents. As an additional drug, baktisubtil is used for enteritis, colitis and diarrhea of infectious origin.

Indications for the use of 2nd generation probiotics, such as sporobacterin, include acute diarrhea in infants, a violation of the amount and change in the strains of bacteria in the intestinal microflora due to an infectious agent or other reasons. The drug also fights well against pathogenic microorganisms of the vaginal mucosa. Sporobacterin can be used for the prophylactic purpose of developing purulent-septic complications after surgical interventions.

Sporobacterin is widely used to combat salmonellosis and dysentery. As an auxiliary drug, it is used for therapeutic purposes in surgical infections of soft tissues, as well as for the treatment of osteomyelitis.

Biosporin is indicated for use in intestinal infections when the cause of the pathology is salmonella, shigella, intestinal sticks (enteropathogenic) or fungi. Severe forms of these diseases require a comprehensive treatment approach using biosporin.

In addition, in the absence of clinical manifestations of intestinal infection, but when bacterial carriage is detected, the drug is prescribed to destroy infectious agents.

Indications for the use of Biosporin include dysbacteriosis, which can be caused by poor nutrition, pathology of internal organs or antibiotic therapy. In the postoperative period, in order to prevent the development of purulent processes, it is recommended to take Biosporin before and after surgery.

In gynecological practice, the drug is used for bacterial vaginitis and vulvaginal candidiasis, even during pregnancy in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters.

Enterol is indicated for use in acute and chronic forms of diarrhea syndrome when the cause of its development is a bacterial agent. However, diarrhea of viral etiology is also considered an indication for enterol. The drug is also widely used for traveler's diarrhea, intestinal dysbacteriosis, irritable bowel syndrome and pseudomembranous colitis.

Enterol is also used for peristaltic disorders due to long-term use of enteral nutrition and for prophylactic purposes to avoid the development of dysbacteriosis after taking antibacterial agents.

Indications for the use of 2nd generation probiotics - Eubicor are the presence of dysbacteriosis of various origins, biliary dyskinesia, liver pathology (hepatosis, hepatitis), gastric ulcer when taking antibacterial agents, dyslipoproteinemia, chronic cholecystitis, endocrine pathology (diabetes), pancreatitis, as well as skin diseases (manifestations of allergic reactions, dermatitis, dermatoses).

For preventive purposes, Eubicor is taken in parallel with antibiotics to prevent the development of dysbacteriosis, as well as the prevention of caries and periodontal disease.

Pharmacological action of 2nd generation probiotics

The therapeutic effect of baktisubtil is to provide an antidiarrheal effect by destroying pathogenic microorganisms of the flora. Subsequently, the drug restores the disturbed microflora and helps maintain its physiological composition. Due to resistance to the influence of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, the activation of the drug and the transition to a vegetative form is noted in the intestine.

When it enters the intestines, enzymes are released that break down incoming products. Then an acidic environment is formed, which prevents putrefaction processes. In addition, this drug ensures normal synthesis of vitamins B and P in the intestines.

The pharmacological action of 2nd generation probiotics such as sporobacterin is to provide an antagonistic effect, inhibiting the growth and activity of pathogenic microorganisms and opportunistic pathogens, which, under the influence of certain factors, cause harm to the body.

Thanks to special enzymes produced by the bacillus, complete breakdown of proteins, fiber, carbohydrates and fats is observed. At the same time, there are no clinical manifestations of digestive disorders (abdominal pain, bloating and changes in intestinal peristalsis).

Biosporin exhibits its pharmacological activity due to the dried strains of two types of aerobes included in its composition. These saprophytes provide antagonistic action to a large number of different types of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms.

The drug has proven effective against fungi, salmonella, shigella, E. coli (enteropathogenic) and Staphylococcus aureus.

The main properties of biosporin are due to the secretion of peptides that have an antibacterial effect, as well as enzymes that increase the acidity of the environment, which also has a detrimental effect on pathogenic bacteria. Biosporin is even active against antibiotic-resistant strains.

In addition, this drug has a positive effect on the body's immune mechanisms - it activates the production of immunoglobulins, increases the production of lysozyme, interferon and stimulates macrophages.

Biosporin also improves the absorption of vitamins and normalizes the process of their production. The bacilli that are part of the composition do not have a negative effect on the beneficial bacteria that represent the normal intestinal microflora.

Enterol has a pronounced antidiarrheal effect due to the targeted effect on the source of intestinal peristalsis disorder. After normalization of the microflora, the drug protects it from further harmful effects of pathogenic agents.

The pharmacological activity of enterol consists in its antimicrobial ability to inhibit the growth and activity of pathogenic flora, both bacteria and fungi. This drug has proven its effect on clostridia, staphylococcus, salmonella, fungi, E. coli, Klebsiella, lamblia, cholera vibrio, enteroviruses and rotaviruses.

The antitoxic effect is provided by the enzyme produced, which breaks down toxins and protects enterocytes from damage. In addition, due to the suppression of cAMP production, the secretion of water and sodium into the intestinal lumen decreases.

The immunomodulatory function is carried out by stimulating the production of immunoglobulins. Under the influence of the components of enterol, the activity of disaccharidases increases, which ensures enzymatic activity.

Due to the drug’s resistance to antibacterial agents, it can be used in parallel with antibiotics.

The pharmacological action of 2nd generation probiotics, such as Eubicor, is represented by the normalization of the composition of intestinal microflora and maintaining it in a physiological state.

The use of the drug in endogenous and exogenous intoxications (food, alcohol) is justified by the presence of pronounced sorption properties.

Thanks to the fiber included in the drug, which undergoes thermoplastic processing using special technologies, the therapeutic activity and organoleptic properties of the drug are significantly improved. Eubicor is a source of dietary fiber, which activates the digestion process.

Names of 2nd generation probiotics

This group of probiotics consists of fungi and bacillus spores that are not typical for the normal composition of microflora. However, it is worth noting that they perform an important function, which consists in suppressing the growth of pathogenic bacteria and controlling the composition of microflora.

Probiotics of the 2nd generation are used for therapeutic purposes in case of development of acute diarrheal syndrome, the cause of which is not an infectious agent. In addition, the drug is used for mild intestinal infections and dysbacteriosis. Treatment is carried out both as a single component and in combination with probiotics of other generations for faster restoration of microflora.

The names of the 2nd generation probiotics are represented by Flonivil BS and Bactisubtil. These drugs contain spores of B.cereus bacilli, which are characterized by powerful antibacterial properties aimed at a large number of different strains. As a result, an antidiarrheal effect is observed due to the death of pathogenic microorganisms. These types of probiotics are resistant to the effects of the acidic environment of hydrochloric acid, as a result of which vegetative forms are formed in the intestine and the microflora is normalized.

The names of the 2nd generation probiotics also include sporobacterin and bactisporin. These drugs contain the B.subtilis bacillus, which is a live strain with antagonistic action. Its feature is chromosomal resistance to the antibacterial drug rifampicin.

Enterol contains yeast-like fungi (saccharomycetes), the effectiveness of which has been proven in the fight against diarrhea syndrome after a course of taking antibacterial agents, as they are active against clostridia. Biosporin is a drug based on spores of licheniform bacilli.

Eubicor is a new biological supplement with dietary fiber, yeast culture (inactive), vitamins and minerals.

Method of administration and dosage of 2nd generation probiotics

Bactisubtil is produced in the form of capsules with lyophilized dried spores of B.cereus, which limits its use in children.

To select the correct dosage of Baktisubtil, it is necessary to take into account the severity of the person. Basically, it is 35 mg with a daily frequency of up to 6 times. However, in the presence of pronounced clinical symptoms, the daily dose can be increased to 350 mg. It is necessary to remember that the dose and duration of administration should be determined by a doctor to avoid overdose and the development of side effects.

In case of chronic course of the pathological process, it is rational to take 35 mg up to 3 times a day. The medicine should be used one hour before meals. For infants, the contents of the capsule can be used dissolved in juice or milk. The exception is a hot drink for dissolution or taking together with the capsule.

The method of application and dosage of 2nd generation probiotics, in particular, sporobacterin, must be calculated based on the person's health condition and age. Thus, babies with acute intestinal infection from 1 month to a year can take half a dose twice a day for a week. As for older age, it is allowed to take a full dose twice a day.

If treatment of dysbacteriosis is necessary, the dosages remain the same, and the duration of the course of taking the drug is increased to 2 weeks. Adults can take sporobacterin for up to 3 weeks.

For prophylactic purposes in the postoperative period, it is rational to take 1 dose for about a week. Before use, the drug must be diluted in cold boiled water, the volume of which should exceed 10 times. The probiotic should be taken 40 minutes before meals. Sporobacterin is in the form of a suspension, a lyophilisate with a live active strain of B.subtilis, which is resistant to rifampicin.

Biosporin is presented in the form of tablets and lyophilisate with aerobic saprophytes of dried strains of B.subtilis and B.licheniformis.

Before using Biosporin, the contents of the bottle should be dissolved in water in a volume of 5 ml per dose. The drug is taken half an hour before meals. The dosage is calculated taking into account the person's age and the severity of the disease.

In case of intestinal infection, adults should take 2 doses three times a day, and in case of dysbacteriosis or for prevention in the postoperative period - twice a day. The duration of the course of treatment is up to a week for intestinal infection, and up to 2 weeks for dysbacteriosis.

Treatment of bacterial vaginosis is carried out by irrigation or introduction of the dissolved preparation into the vagina (2 doses) using tampons soaked in the drug. The frequency of the procedure is 2-3 times a day for 5-10 days.

In case of intestinal infection or dysbacteriosis in childhood, then it is rational to use 1 dissolved dose twice a day.

Enterol is available in the form of capsules and suspensions with lyophilized Saccharomyces Boulardii.

Enterol is taken from 6 years old in a dosage of 1-2 capsules up to 2 times a day. The maximum number of capsules per day should not exceed 4 pieces. Acute diarrhea implies a treatment course of Enterol up to 5 days, chronic form and irritable bowel syndrome - up to 2 weeks.

In case of parallel administration of the drug with antibacterial agents, it is recommended to start using Enterol from the first day at a dosage of 2 capsules twice a day.

For the treatment of traveler's diarrhea, take 1 capsule of Enterol every morning. The capsule should be washed down with water. The maximum duration of treatment is 1 month.

The method of application and dosage of 2nd generation probiotics, for example, eubicor, is based on the severity of the disease, the presence of concomitant pathology and the person's age. Thus, children from 3 to 6 years old can take 1 sachet of the drug, and up to 12 years old - 2 sachets with a dosage of 1.5 g 1-2 times a day. Adults are recommended to take 1-2 sachets with a dosage of 3 g during meals or with lukewarm water.

For the prophylactic purpose of development of dysbacteriosis the frequency of administration is twice a day for 2 weeks. For treatment it is necessary to use the drug three times a day.

In case of diarrhea syndrome, you should take Eubicor every hour until the end of the acute period, then switch to a course of dysbacteriosis prevention. Eubicor is available in powder form with inactivated yeast culture, vitamins, amino acids, dietary fiber and microelements.

Probiotics of the 2nd generation differ significantly in composition from other generations, but play an important role in maintaining and restoring intestinal microflora. In addition, thanks to the preventive use of these products, you can avoid unpleasant manifestations of dysbacteriosis, the cause of which is the use of aggressive drugs or an improper diet.

Contraindications to the use of 2nd generation probiotics

Each person's body is individual, so it is impossible to rule out the possibility of individual intolerance to the probiotic, which is inherent in some people.

In addition, contraindications to the use of 2nd generation probiotics include the manifestation of an allergic reaction due to hypersensitivity to the main active or additional components.

Typically, such reactions can be observed in people who are prone to developing an allergic response to many medications, foods, animals or environmental factors.

Allergic reactions may occur either after a single dose of the drug or as it accumulates – after 3-4 days.

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