Probiotics of 2nd generation

Probiotics of the 2nd generation consist of yeast-like fungi and bacillary spores. The next generation is represented by probiotics, which include several strains of beneficial bacteria, and finally, the 4th generation is living bacteria of the flora that are immobilized on the sorbent.

Probiotics are the protectors of the microflora of the human body. Due to its composition of beneficial bacteria and fungi, they have the ability to prevent negative changes, and also in the case of dysbacteriosis - to restore the optimal ratio of microorganisms.

Depending on the composition of probiotics vary, according to the classification. Thus, the first generation of pharmacological agents is represented by one-component structures that include a specific strain of beneficial bacteria.

[1], [2], [3], [4]

Indication for use of probiotics of 2nd generation

Bactisubtil is widely used in acute and chronic forms of diarrheal syndrome, the cause of which can become both an infectious agent, a pathology of internal organs or a violation of the nutritional regime. This is especially true for toddlers, when the diet and the quality of foods change, as a result of which there are disturbances in the digestion of food.

Also, the drug can be used to treat and prevent dysbacteriosis against the background of antibacterial or chemotherapeutic agents, as bactisubtil is resistant to these agents. As an additional drug, bactisubtil is used for enteritis, colitis and diarrhea of infectious origin.

Indications for the use of probiotics of the 2nd generation, for example, sporobacterin, include the presence of acute diarrhea in infants, a violation of the amount and change of strains of bacteria of the intestinal microflora due to an infectious agent or other causes. Also, the drug fights well with pathogenic microorganisms of the vaginal mucosa. Sporobacterin can be used with the prophylactic purpose of developing purulent-septic complications after surgical interventions.

Sporobacterin is widely used in the fight against salmonellosis and dysentery. As an auxiliary drug is used with a therapeutic purpose for surgical infections of soft tissues, as well as for the treatment of osteomyelitis.

Biosporin is indicated for use in intestinal infections, when salmonella, shigella, intestinal bacterium (enteropathogenic) or fungi are the cause of the development of pathology. Severe forms of these diseases require a comprehensive therapeutic approach using biosporin.

In addition, in the absence of clinical manifestations of intestinal infection, but when bacterial transport is detected, the drug is prescribed for the purpose of destroying infectious agents.

Indication for the use of biosporin includes dysbacteriosis, which can be caused by improper diet, pathology of internal organs or antibiotic therapy. In the postoperative period, in order to prevent the development of purulent processes, it is recommended to take biosporin before and after surgery.

In gynecological practice, the drug is used for bacterial vaginitis and vulvaginal candidiasis, even during pregnancy in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters.

Enterol is indicated for use in the acute and chronic form of diarrheal syndrome, when the cause of its development is a bacterial agent. However, diarrhea of the viral etiology is also considered an indication of enterol. The drug is also widely used for traveler's diarrhea, intestinal dysbacteriosis, irritable bowel syndrome and pseudomembranous colitis.

Enterol is also used for violations of peristalsis due to prolonged use of enteral nutrition and with a preventive purpose in order to avoid the development of dysbacteriosis after taking antibacterial drugs.

Indications for the use of probiotics of the 2nd generation - eubicor consists in the presence of dysbacteriosis of various origin, biliary dyskinesia, liver pathology (hepatosis, hepatitis), gastric ulcer with antibacterial agents, dyslipoproteinemia, chronic cholecystitis, pathology of the endocrine system (diabetes), pancreatitis, as well as skin diseases (manifestations of an allergic reaction, dermatitis, dermatosis).

With the preventive purpose, eubicor is taken in parallel with antibiotics to prevent the development of dysbacteriosis, as well as the prevention of caries and periodontitis.

Pharmacological action of probiotics of 2nd generation

The therapeutic effect of bactisubtil is to provide an anti-diarrheal effect by destroying the pathogenic microorganisms of the flora. In the future, the drug restores the damaged microflora and helps maintain its physiological composition. Due to the resistance to the influence of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, the activation of the drug and the transition to the vegetative form is noted in the intestine.

Getting into the intestines, there is a release of enzymes, splitting incoming products. Further, an acidic medium is formed, which prevents the processes of decay. In addition, this drug provides in the intestine a normal synthesis of vitamins of group B and P.

The pharmacological action of probiotics of the 2nd generation such as sporobacterin is to provide antagonistic action, inhibiting the growth and activity of pathogenic microorganisms and conditionally pathogenic, which under the influence of certain factors cause harm to the body.

Thanks to special enzymes, which are produced by the bacillus, complete cleavage of proteins, fiber, carbohydrates and fats is observed. At the same time, there are no clinical manifestations of digestive disorders (pain in the abdomen, bloating and changes in intestinal motility).

Biosporin shows its pharmacological activity due to the included in its composition of dried strains of two types of aerobes. These saprophytes provide antagonistic action to a large number of different types of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms.

The drug has proven effective against fungi, salmonella, shigella, E. Coli (enteropathogenic) and Staphylococcus aureus.

The main properties of biosporin are due to the secretion of peptides that have antibacterial action, as well as enzymes that increase the acidity of the medium, which also has a harmful effect on pathogenic bacteria. Biosporin is even active in relation to antibiotic-resistant strains.

In addition, this drug has a positive effect on the immune mechanisms of the body - activates the production of immunoglobulins, increases the production of lysozyme, interferon and stimulates macrophages.

Biosporin also improves the absorption of vitamins and normalizes the process of their production. Bacilli, which are part of the composition, do not have a negative effect on beneficial bacteria that represent normal intestinal microflora.

Enterol has a pronounced antidiarrheal effect due to a targeted effect on the source of intestinal peristalsis. After the normalization of microflora, the drug protects its further detrimental effects of pathogenic agents.

The pharmacological activity of enterol is the antimicrobial ability to inhibit the growth and activity of pathogenic flora, both bacteria and fungi. This drug has proved its effect on clostridia, staphylococcus, salmonella, fungi, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, lamblia, cholera vibrio, enteroviruses and rotaviruses.

Antitoxic action is provided by the produced enzyme, which cleaves toxins and protects enterocytes from damage. In addition, due to the inhibition of cAMP production, the secretion of water and sodium in the intestinal lumen decreases.

Immunomodulatory function is carried out by stimulating the production of immunoglobulins. Under the influence of enterol components, the activity of disaccharidases increases, which ensures enzymatic activity.

Due to the drug's resistance to antibacterial agents, it can be used in parallel with antibiotics.

The pharmacological action of probiotics of the 2nd generation, such as eubicor, is represented by the normalization of the composition of the intestinal microflora and its maintenance in the physiological state.

The use of the drug in endogenous and exogenous intoxications (food, alcohol) is justified by the presence of pronounced sorption properties.

Thanks to the constituent of the drug fiber, which undergoes thermoplastic treatment with the help of special technologies, the therapeutic activity and organoleptic properties of the preparation are significantly improved. Eubikor is a source of dietary fiber, which activates the digestive process.

Names of probiotics of 2nd generation

This group of probiotics consists of fungi and spores of bacilli that are not characteristic of the normal composition of the microflora. However, it should be noted that they perform an important function, which is to suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria and control the composition of the microflora.

Probiotics of the 2nd generation are used for a therapeutic purpose in the case of the development of acute diarrheal syndrome, the cause of which is not an infectious agent. In addition, the drug is used for mild intestinal infections and dysbiosis. Treatment is carried out as a monocomponent, and in combination with probiotics of other generations for faster recovery of microflora.

The names of probiotics of the 2nd generation are represented by flonivil BS and baktisubtil. These drugs have spores of B.cereus bacilli, the feature of which are powerful antibacterial properties aimed at a large number of different strains. As a result, antidiarrheal action is observed due to the death of pathogenic microorganisms. These types of probiotics are resistant to the acidic environment of hydrochloric acid, resulting in the formation of vegetative forms in the intestine and normalize the microflora.

The names of probiotics of the 2nd generation also include sporobacterin and bactisporin. These medicines contain a B. Subtilis wand, which is a living strain of antagonistic action. Its feature is chromosomal resistance to antibacterial drug - rifampicin.

Enterol has yeast-like fungi (saccharomycetes), the effectiveness of which has been proven in the fight against diarrheal syndrome after the course of taking antibacterial agents, since they are active in relation to clostridia. Biosporin is a drug based on spores of licheniiform bacilli.

Eubicor is a new biological supplement with dietary fiber, yeast culture (inactive), vitamin and mineral elements.

Method of administration and dose of probiotics of 2nd generation

Bactisubtil is available in capsules with lyophilized dried spores of B. Cereus, which limits its use in childhood.

For the correct selection of the dosage of Bactisubtil it is necessary to take into account the state of gravity of the person. In general, it is 35 mg with a daily multiplicity of up to 6 times. However, in the presence of severe clinical symptoms, the daily dose can be increased to 350 mg. It should be remembered that the dose and duration of administration should be determined by the doctor in order to avoid overdose and the development of adverse reactions.

In the case of chronic course of the pathological process, it is rational to take 35 mg up to 3 times a day. The drug should be used an hour before meals. For infants, you can use the contents of the capsule, dissolved with juice or milk. An exception is a hot drink for dissolution or ingestion with a capsule.

The method of application and dose of probiotics of the 2nd generation, in particular, sporobacterin, must be calculated basing on the state of human health and age. So, kids with acute intestinal infection from 1 month to a year can take half a dose twice a day for a week. As for the older age, it is allowed to take the full dose twice a day.

If treatment of a dysbacteriosis is necessary, dosages remain former, and duration of a course of reception of a medical product increases up to 2 weeks. Adults can take sporobacterin up to 3 weeks.

With a preventive goal in the postoperative period, it is rational to take the first dose for about a week. Before use, the preparation should be diluted in cold boiled water, the volume of which should exceed 10 times. Probiotic should be taken 40 minutes before meals. Sporobacterin is in the form of a suspension, a lyophilizate with a living active strain of B. Subtilis, which is resistant to rifampicin.

Biosporin is presented by tablets and lyophilizate with aerobic saprophytes of dried strains of B. Subtilis and B.licheniformis.

Before using the biosporin, the contents of the vial should be dissolved in water with a volume of 5 ml per dose. The drug is taken half an hour before meals. Dosage is calculated taking into account the age of the person and the severity of the disease.

In case of intestinal infection, adults should take 2 doses three times a day, and for dysbacteriosis or for prophylaxis in the postoperative period - twice a day. The duration of the course of admission is up to a week with intestinal infection, and up to 2 weeks - with dysbacteriosis.

Treatment of bacterial vaginosis is carried out by irrigation or insertion into the vagina of a dissolved drug (2 doses) using tampons impregnated with the drug. Multiplicity of the procedure is 2-3 times a day for 5-10 days.

If there is an intestinal infection or a dysbacteriosis in childhood, then it is rational to apply the dissolved 1 dose twice a day.

Enterol is in the form of capsules and suspensions with lyophilized Boulardii saccharomycetes.

Enterol is taken from 6 years in a dosage of 1-2 capsules up to 2 times a day. The maximum number of capsules per day should not exceed 4 pieces. Acute diarrhea involves a treatment course of enterol for up to 5 days, chronic form and irritable bowel syndrome - up to 2 weeks.

In the case of concurrent administration of the drug with antibacterial agents, it is recommended to start using Enterol from the first day in a dosage of 2 capsules twice a day.

With the therapeutic purpose of traveler's diarrhea, it is necessary to take enterol for 1 capsule every morning. Capsule should be washed down with water. The maximum duration of admission is 1 month.

The method of application and dose of probiotics of the 2nd generation, for example, eubicor, is based on the severity of the disease, the presence of concomitant pathology and the age of the person. So, in children from 3 to 6 years old they can take 1 packet of the drug, and up to 12 years - 2 sachets with a dosage of 1.5 g 1-2 times a day. Adults are recommended to take 1-2 sachets with a dosage of 3 grams during meals or with non-flammable water.

With the prophylactic purpose of development of a dysbacteriosis the frequency of reception makes twice a day during 2 weeks. For treatment it is necessary to use the drug three times a day.

In the case of diarrheal syndrome should take eubikor every hour before the end of the acute period, then go on to the course of dysbacteriosis. Eubicor is available in the form of powder with inactivated yeast culture, vitamins, amino acids, dietary fiber and trace elements.

Probiotics of the 2nd generation differ significantly in composition with other generations, but play an important role in maintaining and restoring intestinal microflora. In addition, due to the preventive reception of these funds, you can avoid unpleasant manifestations of dysbiosis, which is caused by taking aggressive drugs or an improper nutritious diet.

Contraindications to the use of probiotics 2 generations

The organism of each person is individual, therefore one can not exclude the manifestation of an individual intolerance to a probiotic that is inherent in some people.

In addition, contraindications to the use of probiotics 2 generations include the manifestation of an allergic reaction in case of hypersensitivity to the main acting or additional components.

Typically, such reactions can be observed in people prone to developing an allergic response to many medicines, foods, animals or environmental factors.

Manifestations of allergies can occur both after a single dose of the drug, and as it accumulates - after 3-4 days.

[5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19]