Potassium-normin

A drug that helps to eliminate the potassium deficiency in the human body is the potassium-normin. This preparation was developed and manufactured by the joint Hungarian - German pharmaceutical corporation Alcaloid Chemical Company for MEDA Pharma GmbH & Co. KG.

Indications Potassium-normin

The drug under consideration was specially developed, and was released as a drug with a narrowly directed effect. Indications for use Potassium-normin is a cupping of the problem of lack of such microelement necessary for an organism as potassium, which causes hypokalemia in its deficiency. The genesis of this problem can be different:

1. A variety of diseases that cause loss of calcium.
2. Continuous use of diuretics. Together with urine from the body, potassium is also washed away.
3. Admission of drugs of other pharmacological groups: cardiac glycosides, glucocorticosteroids.
4. Vomiting.
5. Such symptoms of diarrhea as diarrhea.
6. Prevention of hypokalemia.

[1],

Release form

The manufacturer company produces the drug in question only in the form of tablets - this, to date, its one form of release.

It is worth noting that modern tableted forms of potassium - normin have a prolonged kind of action.

The unit of the preparation has rounded forms with sides flanked from both sides. The drug is available in a white shade. The tablet is bitter in taste, without an obvious smell.

The main active substance of the drug is potassium chloride (kalii chloridum), the concentration of which in the unit of medicine is 1 g, which is equal to 524.44 mg of potassium ions.  

Additional chemical compounds that are elements of the unit are: cetyl alcohol (0.017 g), talc (0.008 g), polyvinyl butyral (0.0575 g), anhydrous colloidal silicon dioxide (0.01 g), magnesium stearate (0.001 g).

The medicine itself, potassium-normin on the shelves of pharmacy departments can be found packed in a blaster for ten units. A cardboard package, in which a leaflet - a liner with recommendations for the use of a medicinal product is necessarily included, contains three such blasters. That is, there are 30 tablets of potassium in the package.

[2]

Pharmacodynamics

The main active substance of the potassium-normine drug in question is potassium chloride. It is his pharmacological properties that determine the pharmacodynamics of this drug.

Potassium chloride inhibits the excitability of the myocardium, effectively reducing its conductivity. This substance inhibits toxicological manifestations of cardiac glycosides, while remaining inert to their positively inotropic function.

With the introduction of low dosages of potassium chloride, an increase in the passage of the coronary vessels is observed. In this case, as studies have shown, large blood vessels on the contrary reduce this indicator.

Potassium - normal normalizes the level of conduction of nerve impulses and activates the synthesis and operation of numerous cytoplasmic enzymes. Potassium chloride monitors and normalizes the process of protein synthesis, normalizes the osmotic stress within the cell, takes part in the transportation of amino acids through the body.

Potassium - normin has a positive effect on the work of skeletal muscular muscles, forcing it to actively decrease, removing the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (genetic pathology, manifested by rapid fatigue of striated muscles) or muscular dystrophy.

[3], [4], [5], [6], [7]

Pharmacokinetics

With the introduction of a specific drug in the protocol of treatment, in addition to the pharmacological dynamics of the medicine, the specialist who leads the disease is also interested in its pharmacokinetics. An important factor of any therapy are the possibilities of the drug, in this case, potassium - a normal, quickly absorbed by the mucous membrane, and not least the ability of the body to effectively remove the remnants or metabolites of the drug from the patient's body.

After the drug has got through the oral cavity into the body, it is absorbed quickly enough with a large quantitative percentage. The adsorption level of this drug is about 70%. At the same time, the analysis of clinical studies showed that the concentration of potassium chloride yields significantly higher values in the small intestine than in the blood plasma.

During the digestive tract, the tablet gradually, slowly, dissolves, and the active substance is released, ready for "work."

In the ileum and large intestine, potassium ions (K ⁺ ) "change places" with positive sodium ions (Na ⁺ ), which allows them to be excreted from the body in conjunction with the urine. With urine through the kidneys, the organism leaves one tenth of the trace element.

After the introduction of potassium chloride into the body over the next eight hours, the distribution procedure is carried out.

The half-life of the elements of the drug Potassium-normin (T _1/2 ) on the background of the course of adsorption averages 1 hour and 20 minutes. This rate of release of a unit of retard medication (inhibition of biological processes) takes about 6 hours.

[8], [9], [10], [11]

Dosing and administration

Any person is obliged to know that a medicament, including Kaliy-normin, should be prescribed only by a qualified experienced specialist. Only the recommended method of administration and dosage of the drug in question is proposed by drug developers, and a more specific schedule of administration, the method of treatment and dosage adjustment remains with the treating practitioner.

The manufacturer recommends taking the tablets orally in a daily dosage equal to 1-2 g (depending on the clinical pathology and individual characteristics of the patient's body).

If therapeutic efficacy has not occurred and the situation requires adjusting the daily dose, there is the possibility to increase it to 6 g, but not more.

Duration of admission is determined by the attending physician individually. And only he can prescribe medication, adjust his dosage, and cancel his admission.

[19], [20], [21],

Use Potassium-normin during pregnancy

Any normal woman who is in a state of pregnancy or lactation, makes sure that in her body there are as few substances as possible that can affect the natural course of the development of the fetus. But the woman's health should not be forgotten, because this factor can cause problems in the development of the baby and with obstetric care.

To date, the level of influence of the drug in question on the embryo, its formation and development to the end has not yet been studied. Therefore, the use of potassium - normin medication and pharmacists during pregnancy is not recommended.

An exception can be the situation when the medical need to help the health of the future mother outweighs the possible risk that the baby is developing.

This is due to a lack of data on the potential for negative effects and the penetration of potassium-normin and into breastmilk, doctors recommend that if a woman feeds a newborn baby with breast milk at the time of the necessary therapy, the feeding should be interrupted.

For the duration of treatment, the baby is weaned from the breast, by transferring it to feeding with special adapted mixtures.

Contraindications

Pharmaceutical product is therefore also a medicine that can exert a certain influence on the patient's body. And not always this influence, with the directed relief of one problem, does not affect other areas and systems of the human body, affecting their functionality.

Contraindications to the use of the potassium - normal drug are reflected in the list below:

1. Hyperkalemia is a pathological condition as a result of an increase in the concentration of potassium in the extracellular fluid and blood plasma.
2. Increased individual intolerance of the patient's organism to one or several component constituents of potassium - normin.
3. Propensity to allergic reactions.
4. Renal dysfunction, which has passed into the stage of chronic disease.
5. Complete AV blockade - impairment of nerve impulse transmission in the conduction system of the heart.
6. Dysfunction of the adrenal glands.
7. Hypovolemia (decrease in total blood volume) with hyponatremia (significant decrease in the concentration of sodium in the serum).
8. Erosive and ulcerative lesions of the stomach and duodenal mucosa.
9. Acidosis - excessive growth of acidity of blood.
10. Therapy accompanying the intake of potassium-sparing diuretics.
11. Period of gestation by a woman's baby.
12. Lactation time.
13. Do not take the drug potassium - normin, if the patient is not yet 18 years old.

[12], [13], [14], [15], [16],

Side effects Potassium-normin

Preferably, the drug is well tolerated by the patient's body. But nevertheless in some cases side effects of a considered preparation can be shown.

In connection with the individual characteristics of the body, potassium - normin is able to provoke:

1. The appearance of nausea in the epigastric region, which at high intensity can provoke and vomit.

2. Confusion of consciousness.

3. Dissolving stool, diarrhea, urge to defecate more than three times a day.

4. The appearance of internal gastrointestinal bleeding.

5. Allergy to taking the drug.

6. Abdominal pain syndrome.

7. A drop in blood pressure.

8. Perforation of the mucosa of the digestive tract.

9. Decreased muscle tone.

10. Intestinal obstruction.

11. Paresthesia - a violation in the sensitivity of the skin, numbness of the extremities.

12. Blockade or complete stop of cardiac activity.

13. Hyperkalemia - an excessively high amount of potassium in the extracellular fluid and blood plasma.

[17], [18]

Overdose

As shown by clinical observations, an overdose of the leading active chemical component of potassium-normin, which is potassium chloride, is quite possible both because of the excess of the administered amount of the substance, and because of the individual susceptibility of the patient's body. In this case, the patient's body reacts to this by a response pathological symptomatology:

1. The appearance of factors that indicate the occurrence and development of hyperkalemia. It is worth remembering that this complication can develop asymptomatically and in a short period of time lead to a fatal outcome. Therefore, against the background of therapy, regular monitoring of the content of potassium ions in the body is necessary.

1. Decrease in the rate of impulses carried by the muscles of the myocardium.
2. Deterioration of muscle tone.
3. Numbness of the extremities, violation of skin sensitivity.
4. Failures in the rhythm of the work of the heart, until it stops.

A single antidote, which can completely stop the problem that has been created, does not exist today. Treatment is symptomatic. If necessary, peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis can be connected to the protocol of resuscitation.

[22], [23], [24]

Interactions with other drugs

Very often the drug in question, Kalium - normin, is entered into the protocol of treatment of complex treatment of the disease. When appointing this medicine, the attending doctor must be guided, which pharmacological structures can be reduced into one therapeutic protocol, and which, when combined, can only aggravate the situation.

It is necessary to know the interactions with other drugs and the drug in question is potassium-normin.

As shown by clinical observations, the introduction of potassium chloride reduces the quantitative and qualitative intensity of adverse events of cardiac glycosides.

You should not allow joint admission (or, if necessary, such a tandem input, a tight monitoring of the process is necessary) Potassium-normin with drug groups of potassium-sparing diuretics, ACE inhibitors (angiotensin-converting enzyme), directly potassium-based drugs, as well as with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This caution is due to the fact that the joint work of such pairs increases the likelihood of hyperkalemia.

With the tandem entry of potassium - normin and quinidine, monitoring the process of therapy shows an increase in the pharmacological characteristics of the latter.

But in a pair with disopyramide, the results of their reception show an increase in the symptoms of adverse manifestations of disopyramide.

[25], [26]

Storage conditions

In order to maximize the effect of treatment, it is necessary to carefully follow not only the recommendations and requirements of the treating doctor who prescribed the therapy, but also it will not be superfluous to get acquainted with and observe the storage conditions of the potassium-normine, which is mandatory in the leaflet, the instructions attached to any pharmacological agent. If the content of the medication is incorrect, the effectiveness of its result can be significantly reduced in the protocol of therapy.

When doing absolutely all the recommendations, you can be sure that the drug will effectively "serve" the entire period of the validity of the expiration dates determined by the company's specialists-producers.

Contain the drug should be, fulfilling such requirements:

1. The place where storage of potassium is supposed to be a norm should be protected from direct rays of the solar spectrum.
2. The temperature in the room must be within the permissible limits: from + 15 to + 30 degrees above zero.
3. The percentage of humidity is low enough.
4. Contain medication is necessary in places that are not available for adolescents and young children.

[27],

Shelf life

Entering the pharmacy market, any product produced by the manufacturer corporation is necessarily equipped on the packaging material with date indicators when the medicinal product was manufactured. The second number marks the end date, after which the drug in question should not be used to treat a particular disease.

With the release of potassium-normin, the expiration date was established as 3 years from the date of manufacture of the drug.

[28], [29], [30],