Posterior tibial artery

The posterior tibial artery (a. Tibialis posterior) serves as a continuation of the popliteal artery, passes in the shin-channel, which leaves under the medial edge of the soleus muscle. Then the artery deviates into the medial side, directed to the medial ankle, behind which, in a separate fibrous channel under the flexor tendon holder, passes to the sole. At this point, the posterior tibial artery is covered only with fascia and skin. The branches of the posterior bollylebral artery:

1. Muscular branches (rr. Musculares) go to the muscles of the lower leg.
2. The artery surrounding the peroneal bone (r. Circumflexus fibularius) departs from the posterior bileleptic artery at its very beginning, it goes to the tibia of the fibula, blood supply to the lying muscles next to it; anastomosing with the knee arteries.
3. The fibular artery (a fibularis, S. Personea) follows laterally under the long flexor of the big toe (is attached to the fibula), then downwards and penetrates into the lower muscular-peroneal canal. Passing along the posterior surface of the interosseous membrane of the lower leg, the artery supplies the triceps muscle of the shin, the long and short fibular muscles. Further, the artery behind the lateral ankle of the fibula is divided into its terminal branches: lateral ankle branches (r. Malleolares laterales) and calcanei (calcanei), involved in the formation of the calcaneum (rete calcaneum). The perforating branch (r. Perforans), anastomosing with the lateral anterior ankle artery (from the anterior bileleptic artery), and the connecting branch (r. Communicans), which connects the peroneal artery with the posterior tibialis in the lower third of the shank, also leave the peroneal artery.
4. The medial plantar artery (a. Plantaris medialis) is one of the terminal branches of the posterior tibial artery. Passes under the muscle that removes the thumb of the foot, lies in the medial groove of the sole, where it divides into the superficial and deep branches (r. Superfacialis et profundus). The superficial branch feeds the muscle that removes the thumb of the foot, and the deep one - the same muscle and short flexor of the fingers. The medial plantar artery anastomoses with the first back metatarsus artery.
5. The lateral plantar artery (a. Plantaris lateralis) is larger than the previous one, passes in the lateral sulcus of the sole to the base of the metatarsal V, bends in the medial direction and forms a deep plantar arch (arcus plantaris profundus) at the level of the base of the metatarsal bones. The arc terminates at the lateral margin of the I metatarsal anastomosis with a deep plantar artery - the branch of the dorsal artery of the foot, and also with the medial plantar artery. The lateral plantar artery gives branches to the muscles, bones and ligaments of the foot.

From the deep plantar arch, the plantar metatarsalis plantares (1-4) disappear. The perforating branches of the dorsal metatarsal arteries flow into these arteries in the interosseous spaces. The plantar metatarsal arteries, in turn, give the perforating branches (rr.) To the rear metatarsus arteries.

Each plantar metatarsal artery passes into the common plantar digital artery (a. Digitalis plantaris communis). At the level of the main phalanges of the fingers, each common plantar finger artery (except the first) is divided into two own plantar finger arteries (aa., Digitales plantares propriae). The first common plantar finger artery branched into three of its own finger arteries: to the two sides of the thumb and to the medial side of the 2nd finger, and the second, third and fourth arteries supply the sides of the II, III, IV, and V fingers facing each other. At the level of the heads of metatarsal bones from the common plantar digital arteries, the perforating branches are separated to the rear finger arteries.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5],