Pharmacitron

A multi-component medicinal product with a pronounced antipyretic and moderate analgesic effect, eliminating nasal congestion and facilitating breathing in colds, infections and allergic diseases. It is used as a hot drink with a pleasant sour taste.

Indications Pharmacitron

Elimination of hyperthermia symptoms – fever, headache, myalgia, as well as runny nose and nasal congestion during influenza, acute respiratory viral infections and other diseases accompanied by this condition, including hay fever, acute and chronic inflammation of the paranasal sinuses.

The drug is also indicated for the relief of moderate pain: muscular, joint, neuralgic, menstrual, migraine-like, dental, traumatic.

Release form

It is produced in the form of a powder mass, packaged in 23g sachets.

One packaging unit of the drug Farmacitron contains:

• 0.5 g paracetamol;
• 0.02g pheniramine maleate;
• 0.01 g phenylephrine hydrochloride;
• 0.05 g ascorbic acid.

Excipients: sodium citrate, citric acid, pyrogenic silicon dioxide, dyes, food flavoring (lemon), cane sugar, MCC (microcrystalline cellulose), sugar, enterosorbent povidone.

Farmacitron forte is an enhanced formula of the drug containing 0.65 g of paracetamol, the other active ingredients are contained in the same amount.

Pharmacodynamics

The action of Pharmacitron is determined by the pharmacological properties of its components.

Paracetamol has a central effect, inhibiting the enzymatic activity of cyclooxygenase, which helps reduce pain and lower body temperature. It has a slight effect on the synthesis of proinflammatory mediators (prostaglandins) in peripheral tissues, which explains the safety of the drug in relation to water-electrolyte balance in the body and the absence of a damaging effect on the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract.

Pheniramine maleate is a blocker of H1-histamine and M-cholinergic receptors, has a fast action, which consists in suppressing allergic reactions, relieving spasms, reducing nasal symptoms - runny nose, nasal congestion.

Phenylephrine hydrochloride is an adrenergic stimulant that causes constriction of arterioles, thereby helping to relieve swelling of the mucous membrane of the pharynx and nose and reduces the secretion of tear fluid.

Ascorbic acid is a necessary component of metabolic processes and oxidation-reduction reactions, cell renewal and steroid synthesis. Strengthens blood vessels, the immune system, activates and normalizes the processes of hematopoiesis, blood circulation, oxygenation.

Pharmacokinetics

Paracetamol has a good absorption rate in the upper intestine and distribution in organs and tissues. Body temperature decreases 1.5-2 hours after oral administration. The presence of vitamin C in the drug increases the effectiveness of paracetamol and its tolerability. In the liver, it is broken down into glucuronide and paracetamol sulfate, which are eliminated mainly with urine, as are pheniramine maleate and its metabolites. Phenylephrine hydrochloride taken orally is practically not absorbed from the digestive tract, its breakdown occurs in the intestinal wall with the participation of monoamine oxidase, as well as in the liver.

Dosing and administration

Pour the contents of the sachet into a glass (200 ml) with hot water, but not boiling water. When dissolved, drink. Take no more than four times a day. After five days, stop taking Farmacitron and, if necessary, switch to another antipyretic (pain reliever) that does not contain paracetamol.

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Use Pharmacitron during pregnancy

The first and last three months of pregnancy are an absolute contraindication to the use of the drug, from the 4th to the 6th month - according to strict indications.

Contraindications

Age restrictions for taking the drug are children aged 0-5 years; Farmacitron Forte is prescribed upon reaching the age of fifteen.

The first and last three months of pregnancy and the period of breastfeeding.

The drug is not prescribed to individuals who are sensitized to the ingredients of the drug, suffer from chronic alcoholism, severe renal dysfunction, congenital hemolytic anemia caused by insufficient enzymatic activity of G-6-PD.

Caution should be exercised when prescribing to patients with hereditary pigment hepatosis and enzymopathic jaundice, closed-angle glaucoma, and prostate adenoma.

Side effects Pharmacitron

The occurrence of skin allergic symptoms, epigastric pain, nausea, overexcitation, hypertensive disorders, dizziness, insomnia, enlarged pupil, increased intraocular pressure, paresis of the ciliary eye muscle, dry mouth, urinary retention, and blood composition disorders (decreased hemoglobin, platelet, and granulocyte levels) cannot be ruled out.

In case of dosage violations (exceeding the dose) and duration of administration, there is a high probability of hepatotoxicity manifestations - in the form of anemia (hemolytic or aplastic), methemoglobinemia, blood count disorders in the form of a decrease in its main indicators, or nephrotoxicity of paracetamol - renal colic, the presence of glucose in the urine, necrotic papillitis, inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidneys.

Overdose

Symptoms of exceeding the permissible dose of Farmacitron are manifested as signs of paracetamol overdose: the patient is pale, does not want to eat, feels sick, may have vomiting, diarrhea, jaundice and other signs of necrotic changes in the liver. The severity of signs of intoxication depends on the dose taken and may appear after taking a dose containing 10 or 15 g of paracetamol (we mean adult patients). A jump in the enzymatic activity of liver transaminases is observed, blood clotting worsens. Such deviations in the blood can already be detected after 12 hours after taking an increased dose of the drug. The expanded symptoms of toxic hepatosis can appear after 24 hours, sometimes it lasts up to five days. Rarely, instantaneous development of liver failure, complicated by necrosis of renal tissue, is observed.

First aid for a patient who has taken an increased dose of paracetamol to prevent a hepatotoxic effect consists of gastric lavage and taking enterosorbents. Eight hours after taking an increased dose of the drug, detoxifying agents Unithiol or Dimaval (SH-group donors) and glutathione synthesis precursors - methionine are administered. If 12 hours have passed since taking an increased dose, it is recommended to administer N-acetylcysteine. Further treatment is carried out depending on the dose taken, the time interval since its administration, and the severity of the overdose consequences.

Interactions with other drugs

Farmacitron acts synergistically with ethyl alcohol, sedative components in medicines, and drugs that inhibit the enzymatic activity of monoamine oxidase.

When this medicine is combined with drugs used to treat Parkinson's disease, mental pathologies (antidepressants, antipsychotics), the likelihood of the following adverse effects of paracetamol increases - dryness of the oral mucosa, constipation and urinary retention.

Combination with glucocorticosteroids increases the likelihood of ocular hypertension.

Combined use with drugs that enhance the excretion of uric acid reduces their effectiveness, while with indirect anticoagulants it enhances it.

In combination with tricyclic antidepressants, their effect on the sympathetic nervous system may be enhanced.

In combination with Halothane and its analogues, the likelihood of ventricular arrhythmia increases.

Farmacitron has the ability to neutralize the hypotensive effect of Guanethidine, and it itself increases the effect of Phenylephrine hydrochloride as an α-adrenergic stimulant.

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Storage conditions

Storage conditions for the medicine include low humidity and air temperature in a room inaccessible to children no more than 25℃.

Shelf life

The shelf life is no more than 3 years (indicated on the packaging).