Peritol

Peritol demonstrates pronounced antihistamine, antiallergic and antiserotonin activity.

The active ingredient of the drug is the active substance cyproheptadine, which has a powerful antagonistic effect relative to some allergic mediators - serotonin, and in addition, histamine with acetylcholine. [1]

The therapeutic effect of the drug helps to prevent the appearance of allergies in advance or significantly alleviate the allergic symptoms already existing in the patient. [2]

Indications Peritol

It is used for the following violations:

• urticaria , which has an active or chronic form;
• hay fever;
• serum sickness ;
• runny nose, which has a vasomotor form;
• Quincke's edema;
• eczema , itching or toxidermia;
• dermatitis of eczematous, atopic or contact nature;
• bites of various insects;
• neurodermatitis;
• anorexia of various origins (idiopathic, nervous, etc.);
• headaches with a vascular etiology (histamine pain or migraine);
• the body is in a state of exhaustion (due to pathologies of the chronic type, past infections, etc.).

Release form

The release of the drug element is made in the form of tablets (20 pieces each) or syrup (inside 0.1 l vials).

Pharmacodynamics

In addition to the antiallergic effect, the drug demonstrates anticholinergic, sedative, antipruritic and antiexudative effects.

Cyproheptadine has a positive effect by stimulating appetite; in persons with cushingoid, the substance blocks the production of ACTH; in the case of acromegaly, the drug suppresses hypersecretion of STH.

Pharmacokinetics

After ingestion, the drug is actively and voluminously absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The level of intraplasmic Cmax reaches within a period of 2 hours, while maintaining therapeutic values for 4-6 hours.

It is widely distributed inside the body; some of the drug is noted inside the central nervous system.

The processes of medication exchange are realized inside the liver. After a single oral intake of 4 mg of drugs, within 2-20% of its volume is excreted through the intestine, and about 40% more through the kidneys (most of it is in the form of glucuronic acid conjugates).

In the case of kidney disease, the elimination of cyproheptadine is weakened.

To date, it has not been possible to determine whether cyproheptadine is able to cross the placenta and be excreted in mother's milk.

Dosing and administration

It is necessary to use the medication orally - both in tablets and in the form of a syrup. Taking into account the likelihood of a sedative effect (especially at the initial stage of treatment), it is recommended to use the drug in the evening, after a meal.

Adults are often prescribed a daily dose of 12 mg, which must be divided into 3 applications (for both syrup and tablets); the maximum daily dosage of drugs is 32 mg.

In the case of a chronic type of urticaria, it is necessary to use 2 mg of the drug 3 times a day.

In the case of the active phase of migraine, 4 mg of Peritol is administered 1 time. In the absence of the desired effect, it is necessary to take the above dosage again after half an hour. In general, a maximum of 8 mg of the medication can be administered over a period of 4-6 hours.

In the treatment of any type of anorexia, it is necessary to inject 12 mg of the drug 3 times a day.

If an additional portion is required, it is used at bedtime. A maximum of 16 mg of medication is allowed per day.

Supportive therapy is usually performed with the introduction of 12 mg per day (in 3 applications).

For a child, the daily portion (both in syrup and in tablets) is divided into 2-3 injections and it is: for 2-3 years of age - 0.25 mg / kg; for 3-7 years of age - 4-6 mg; for 7-14 years old - 8-12 mg.

With anorexia in a child, 6-8 mg should be used per day, dividing the dosage into 3 injections.

Syrup for children 0.5-2 years of age is administered in portions of 0.4 mg / kg per day.

In the case of diseases affecting the kidneys / liver, it is required to halve the dose of the medication.

• Application for children

The medication in the form of a syrup is used in persons over six months of age; in the form of tablets - in persons from 2 years of age.

It is necessary to carry out treatment in accordance with the selected dosages and under medical supervision.

Use Peritol during pregnancy

You can not use Peritol during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Contraindications

The main contraindications:

• angle-closure glaucoma;
• severe intolerance associated with the components of the drug;
• benign type of prostatic hyperplasia;
• a tendency to swelling;
• delay in urination;
• use together with IMAO.

Side effects Peritol

Among the side signs:

• ataxia, headaches, drowsiness, anxiety, visual hallucinations, tremors and dizziness;
• hemolytic anemia, agranulocytosis or leukopenia;
• photosensitivity, exanthema, urticaria, Quincke's edema;
• nausea, diarrhea, dry mouth, vomiting;
• tachycardia or a decrease in blood pressure values.

Overdose

In case of poisoning, stimulation or suppression of the activity of the central nervous system may occur, with the possible appearance of seizures and even death (especially in young children).

In children, the main signs are: convulsions, agitation, mydriasis and immobility of the pupils, and in addition, hallucinations, athetosis, agitation, facial hyperemia, vascular collapse, hyperthermia and coma.

In adults, convulsions, lethargy, depression and agitation of the psychomotor type often appear; in addition, there may be hyperthermia, cutaneous hyperemia, gastrointestinal dysfunction and coma.

It is required to induce vomiting using ipecacuana, and in addition, to perform gastric lavage using isotonic or semi-isotonic NaCl liquid and use sorbents. If you need to increase low blood pressure values, you can use vasoconstrictors.

Interactions with other drugs

The use together with fluoxetine and other drugs of this type of influence causes a weakening of their therapeutic effect.

Caffeine with phenamine weaken the inhibitory activity of cyproheptadine in relation to the central nervous system.

In the case of a combination of Peritol with other substances that suppress the activity of the central nervous system, it is necessary to constantly monitor the patient's condition (since addiction may develop) and, if it worsens, cancel the treatment.

MAOIs and tricyclics are able to potentiate and prolong the m-anticholinergic blocking effect of cyproheptadine, which leads to an increase in its inhibitory effect on the central nervous system.

Storage conditions

Peritol must be stored at temperatures within 15-25 ° C.

Shelf life

Peritol in the form of a syrup can be used for a 36-month term from the date of sale of the pharmaceutical substance. The shelf life of the tablets is 5 years.

Analogs

Analogues of drugs are Diazolin, Claritin, Erius and Gistafen with Loratadin, and in addition to Fenkarol, Ketotifen and Desloratadin. Also on the list are Dramina, Telfast, etc.

Reviews

Peritol has received conflicting reviews as an antiallergic medication. This is due to the fact that the drug has a strong enough effect on different systems of the human body and is able to show a very good therapeutic result only if it is used correctly. But the wrong regimen of use or exceeding the dosage can lead to the appearance of side symptoms.

Reviews also indicate that the drug is often used for weight gain. It should be noted that with such a use of Peritol, it is necessary to simultaneously take high-calorie food, which is easily digested, and besides this, remember about the existing probability of the appearance of side signs.