Treatment of periodontitis

Treatment of periodontitis includes a range of procedures, including local therapy, physiotherapy, surgery, and orthopedic treatment.

Is it possible to cure periodontitis?

The more advanced the form of periodontitis, the more severe the consequences and the more difficult the treatment. In the early stages of the disease (with a pathological pocket depth of no more than five millimetres), periodontitis is curable without surgical intervention. With the development of more severe forms, surgical intervention is inevitable. Any dentist will answer the question of whether periodontitis can be cured in the affirmative, but do not forget that any disease is best treated in the early stages, and periodontitis is no exception.

Stages of periodontitis treatment

The stages of periodontitis treatment include the following procedures:

• Professional teeth cleaning, as well as proper oral care to prevent the formation of tartar.
• If conservative treatment is ineffective, surgical intervention is performed. This is the second stage in the treatment of periodontitis. During surgical treatment of periodontitis, dental implantation is also possible.

Complex treatment of periodontitis

Complex treatment of periodontitis includes local treatment of the affected areas, the use of physiotherapy, surgery and orthopedic treatment, as well as the use of agents that have a general effect on the body as a whole. For physiotherapy treatment, such methods as hydrotherapy, vacuum massage, phonophoresis can be used. Orthopedic treatment methods include selective grinding and splinting of teeth. As a local treatment, the patient is prescribed rinses and treatment of the oral cavity with antiseptic ointments and gels, therapeutic and prophylactic toothpastes, as well as the application of gingival dressings using drugs.

[ 1 ], [ 2 ], [ 3 ]

How to treat periodontitis?

The answer to the question of how to treat periodontitis directly depends on the stage of the disease. In the early stages, when the disease is just beginning to manifest itself, conservative treatment methods are used in most cases, plaque is removed, antiseptics and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed. In more severe forms of periodontitis, treatment tactics are determined depending on the size of pathological periodontal pockets. If the pocket depth is less than five millimeters, professional cleaning and curettage are performed; if numerous gum and bone pockets more than five millimeters are formed, flap operations are performed. If an abscess develops, unplanned surgical intervention is performed.

Vitamins for periodontitis

Vitamins for periodontitis are used as an adjuvant therapy and help improve the condition of periodontal tissues. For periodontitis, it is possible to use such groups of vitamins as C, B, A, D, E, P (rutin). The daily norm of vitamins for patients with periodontitis should be approximately two to three times higher than the daily dosage for healthy people. The duration of intake is from two to four weeks.

Ointment for periodontitis

Ointment for periodontitis holisal has an antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anesthetic effect. The drug is intended for local use two to three times a day before or after meals, as well as at night. The ointment is injected into periodontal pockets, rubbed into the gums or used as compresses once or twice a day. The duration of therapy is determined individually.

Gel for periodontitis

The gel for periodontitis metrogyl denta contains metronidazole and chlorhexidine and has an antibacterial and antiseptic effect. In case of periodontitis, after removing plaque, the periodontal pockets are lubricated with metrogyl denta gel, after which applications are applied to the gums. The procedure is carried out twice a day for seven to ten days.

Treatment of periodontitis with vector

The Vector ultrasonic device allows you to effectively remove plaque from the surface of teeth, destroy pathogenic microflora, clean and polish the tooth root. Treatment of periodontitis with Vector allows you to clean the surface of the tooth root without eliminating hard tissue. Ultrasonic waves have an antimicrobial effect and allow you to effectively clean periodontal pockets. Thanks to the use of a suspension with hydroxyapatite elements, tooth sensitivity is significantly reduced, which makes treatment with the Vector device as painless and comfortable as possible. To relieve inflammation, the Vector device can be used at any stage of treatment.

Rinsing for periodontitis

In case of periodontitis, tinctures for rinsing can be used as an auxiliary treatment. To prepare the tincture, you can use calendula flowers, linden flowers, and oak bark. An equal amount of calendula and linden flowers are mixed and poured with hot boiled water, then infused for half an hour under a lid. Then the infusion is filtered and used to rinse the gums three to four times a day. Crushed oak bark can also be used to carry out such a procedure as rinsing for periodontitis. One teaspoon of oak bark is poured with a glass of cooled water, then boiled for about half an hour, infused to room temperature, filtered and used for rinsing during the day. On average, the rinsing procedure should take one to two minutes. Oak bark has an antiseptic and antioxidant effect, and also helps strengthen teeth.

Treatment of localized periodontitis

Treatment of localized periodontitis includes plaque removal, professional oral cleaning and antiseptic treatment. If the pocket depth is more than five millimeters, surgical intervention is indicated. If bone tissue damage and tooth mobility develop, flap operations are performed, as well as tooth splinting.

Orthopedic treatment of localized periodontitis

Orthopedic treatment of localized periodontitis includes restoration of the shape of teeth, alignment of the dental arch, selective grinding, temporary and permanent splinting of teeth, restoration of the functions of teeth when chewing and biting food, as well as their aesthetic appearance.

General treatment of generalized periodontitis

General treatment of generalized periodontitis during exacerbation includes antibacterial therapy, vitamin and antifungal medications. In the treatment of generalized periodontitis, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, immunocorrective drugs, intravenous administration of a ten percent solution of calcium chloride may be prescribed. Calcium gluconate is also used - two to three grams three times a day, calcium glycerophosphate - 0.5 g three times a day, adaptogens and sedatives.

Treatment of severe periodontitis

Treatment of severe periodontitis is a rather complicated process, which is carried out in several stages. During the first visit to the doctor, the general condition of the patient is assessed, after which the treatment tactics are determined. At an advanced stage of periodontitis, it is possible to use such treatment methods as grinding, splinting and prosthetics. Preliminary removal of dental plaque, oral sanitation, treatment of periodontal pockets with antiseptics are carried out. Depending on the degree of damage to the teeth, the attending physician individually decides on the advisability of their removal. Treatment also includes taking anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics and physiotherapy.

Toothpaste for periodontitis

Toothpaste for periodontitis is selected individually by the attending physician depending on the condition of the periodontal tissues and the degree of development of the disease. Toothpastes used for periodontitis should have a general therapeutic and preventive effect and provide comprehensive care for the oral cavity.

In case of periodontitis, Parodontax toothpaste can be used. It contains mineral salts, echinacea, mint, myrrh, sage, ratania, chamomile, which together help strengthen tissues, relieve inflammation, destroy bacteria, increase local immunity, and also have an astringent and hemostatic effect. It is recommended to use the toothpaste in combination with a mouthwash for a more lasting effect.

Lacalut toothpaste is also used to prevent periodontal diseases. The range of this paste is currently quite wide. Lacalut Duo paste contains chlorhexidine, which has a powerful antiseptic effect, preventing the development of pathogenic microorganisms. Lacalut Flora toothpaste can be used to reduce plaque formation. Its active components suppress the development of pathogenic microflora, and also have anti-inflammatory and fungicidal effects. To strengthen the gums, as well as reduce their bleeding, use Lacalut Active toothpaste, which also has an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effect. Lacalut Active toothpaste also increases the strength of tooth enamel and reduces its sensitivity to external irritants. Lacalut Active toothpaste is recommended to be used in courses of thirty to sixty days during an exacerbation of the inflammatory process, as well as for preventive purposes.

Methods of treating periodontitis

Treatment methods for periodontitis depend on the stage of the disease and may include professional oral cleaning, drug therapy, closed curettage, dental splinting, and surgical treatment methods. Closed curettage allows you to clean the gingival pockets without damaging the integrity of the gum. In this case, the size of the pathological pocket should be no more than five millimeters. During this procedure, tartar is first removed, then the contents of the gingival pockets are cleaned and treated with a special solution, after which a protective dressing with a medicinal preparation is applied. During this procedure, the tooth root is also polished.

When a pathological periodontal pocket with a depth of more than five millimeters is formed, surgical treatment methods are used - gingivectomy (excision of the gum edge to remove the pathological pocket), open curettage, dental implantation.

General treatment of periodontitis

General treatment of periodontitis is aimed at eliminating inflammatory processes and other disorders in periodontal tissues, as well as increasing the body's defenses. General treatment of periodontitis includes antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, desensitizing, detoxifying, sedative and vitamin therapy.

Local treatment of periodontitis

Local treatment of periodontitis includes a number of procedures aimed at removing plaque, degenerative processes in periodontal tissues, relieving inflammation and eliminating periodontal pockets. After removing dental plaque, the interdental spaces and periodontal pockets are irrigated with an antiseptic. Due to this, they are cleared of tartar particles, and the inflammatory process in the gums is reduced. After this, the treatment is aimed at eliminating pathological pockets. Small pockets (up to two millimeters) are eliminated using conservative treatment methods. If pathological pockets larger than two millimeters are formed, surgical intervention (curettage) is indicated. However, this procedure is contraindicated for pockets larger than six millimeters.

Orthopedic treatment of periodontitis

Orthopedic treatment of periodontitis includes selective grinding of teeth, splinting and prosthetics. These methods allow to reduce the inflammatory process, improve blood circulation in periodontal tissues, and normalize the occlusal function of teeth.

Selective grinding is performed to prevent traumatic overload of teeth, which may occur with periodontitis. Splinting allows strengthening teeth and preventing their further mobility and, as a result, loss. Crowns, dentures, and splinting threads can be used for splinting teeth.

Laser treatment of periodontitis

Laser treatment of periodontitis allows for the most effective cleaning of periodontal pockets, destroying all pathogenic organisms and thereby achieving the maximum level of sterility. A positive result after laser exposure of periodontal tissues is noted after the first procedure: the inflammatory process and pain syndrome during chewing food are reduced, as well as bleeding gums and the release of purulent masses. One of the advantages of laser treatment of periodontitis is also rapid recovery after the procedure and minimal risk of injury.

Drug treatment of periodontitis

Drug treatment of periodontitis performs an auxiliary function in the general therapy of the disease. For this purpose, antimicrobial drugs are used, among which the most common are lincomycin, metronidazole, chlorhexidine. Chlorhexidine solution is used for rinsing the mouth, for applying applications to the gums, and for washing periodontal pockets. Tablets containing chlorhexidine can be used for resorption before the procedure for cleaning from plaque. The drug miramistin has a powerful antiseptic effect in the treatment of periodontitis, effectively suppressing the proliferation of opportunistic microorganisms. The drug metronidazole has an anti-inflammatory effect, and also has antiprotozoal properties in relation to anaerobic microflora contained in periodontal pockets. The drug can be used for oral administration, as well as for introduction into pathological pockets with the application of a protective dressing. The antibiotic lincomycin can be used in the treatment of periodontitis in the form of an ointment, gel, injection solution, and capsules.

Lincomycin for periodontitis

Lincomycin for periodontitis can be used for treatment in combination with lidocaine hydrochloride by local administration. For this purpose, 1 ml of a thirty percent solution of lincomycin hydrochloride is diluted with a two percent solution of lidocaine (0.2 ml). The finished medicine is administered along the transitional fold of the oral cavity once a day, 0.6 ml on both sides of the upper and lower jaws. The duration of treatment is ten days. Thanks to the combined use of lidocaine hydrochloride and lincomycin hydrochloride, it is possible to achieve an anti-inflammatory effect, reduce pain, and minimize the risk of adverse reactions during treatment. Injections are administered only by an experienced specialist according to strict indications and in the absence of allergic reactions.

Surgical treatment of periodontitis

Surgical treatment of periodontitis can be emergency or planned. Urgent surgical intervention is performed in cases of exacerbation of the disease with the development of an abscess. Within two to three days after the opening of the abscess, the patient is prescribed antiseptic treatment of the oral cavity. After five to six days, the patient's stitches are removed.

Planned surgical intervention is a certain stage of complex therapy of periodontitis. It includes operations on the gum: curettage – removal of subgingival deposits and polishing of the tooth root using local anesthesia; simple gingivectomy – excision of the periodontal pocket without exposing the bone, used when several periodontal pockets up to five millimeters in size are formed. Surgical intervention on the gum and bone tissue: radical gingivectomy and flap operations. During radical gingivectomy, a periodontal pocket up to five millimeters in size is excised with subsequent removal of softened bone tissue and alignment of the remaining tissue. Flap operations are performed when several periodontal and bone pockets over five millimeters in size are formed.

Prosthetics for periodontitis

Prosthetics in case of periodontitis are complicated by such factors as tooth mobility, bone resorption, and inability to sufficiently maintain oral hygiene. That is why some methods of prosthetics are contraindicated for patients suffering from periodontitis. Before prosthetics, the patient undergoes preliminary preparation, which includes a set of treatment procedures to reduce the inflammatory process in the periodontal tissues. If necessary, temporary prostheses can be installed for the duration of treatment. After prosthetics, you should visit the doctor at least once every three months to promptly detect and eliminate complications.

Implantation for periodontitis

Implantation for periodontitis is performed according to strict indications only after eliminating the symptoms of the disease and performing a set of treatment procedures. Since the periodontitis exacerbation can cause periodontal bone tissue to dissolve, its build-up may be necessary before the implantation procedure.

Splinting for periodontitis

Splinting for periodontitis is performed to strengthen the teeth and prevent their further loosening. Splinting is most often performed on the front teeth of the upper or lower row. Splinting for periodontitis is indicated for loose teeth and exposed tooth roots, and for deformation of the dental row. As a rule, fiberglass or polyethylene thread is used for splinting. At first, some discomfort is felt after splinting, which usually disappears after a few weeks. The effectiveness of the procedure is directly related to the number of intact teeth in the patient - the more teeth are preserved, the more effective the result will be. Thanks to the splinting procedure, when chewing food, the main load is distributed to healthy teeth, which contributes to the fastest healing of damaged teeth. Splinting is performed according to strict indications of the attending physician after a preliminary examination.

Flap surgery for periodontitis

Flap operations for periodontitis are usually performed when conservative treatment is ineffective (usually with moderate or severe disease). During such an operation, the doctor opens the gum tissue and thoroughly cleans the periodontal pockets, the top of the tooth root, which helps restore the periodontal tissue and prevent tooth loosening. After the operation is completed, a suture is placed at the incision site. In some cases, grafts or osteoblasts can be used to improve bone growth and restore the strength of the gum tissue.

Treatment of periodontitis at home

Treatment of periodontitis at home is possible only in the early stages of the disease in strict agreement with the doctor, who, after a thorough examination, will prescribe a set of treatment procedures and the necessary drugs for treatment. With independent and incorrectly selected treatment, this disease can take on more extensive forms and move to an advanced stage, which will require surgical intervention. Treatment of periodontitis at home at its first symptoms may include rinsing with a decoction of medicinal plants, the use of dental anti-inflammatory and antiseptic ointments, as well as therapeutic and prophylactic toothpaste.

Treatment of periodontitis with folk remedies

Treatment of periodontitis with folk remedies includes rinsing the mouth with tinctures of medicinal herbs and other medicinal plants, as well as treating the gums with herbal ointments. Treatment of periodontitis with folk remedies can be considered as an auxiliary method of therapy aimed at maintaining oral hygiene and reducing the inflammatory process. Before using folk remedies to treat periodontitis, it is necessary to perform a dental cleaning of the tooth surface to remove plaque. After consultation with the attending dentist, fir and sea buckthorn oils can be used to treat periodontitis with folk remedies. These components are mixed in equal proportions and applied to a gauze swab, after which the gums are wiped with it for several minutes twice a day. Crushed oak bark will also help reduce the inflammatory process and bleeding gums. One teaspoon of oak bark is poured with 250 ml of water and boiled for twenty-five to thirty minutes, then cooled and filtered. The resulting decoction should be used to rinse the mouth three times a day, holding it on the gums for about a minute. A mixture of viburnum and rowan berries with honey, taken orally during the day between meals, also helps relieve inflammation.

How much does periodontitis treatment cost?

You can find out how much periodontitis treatment costs directly when visiting a dental clinic and undergoing a preliminary examination. Depending on the stage and form of periodontitis, the doctor will prescribe the treatment that is right for you and inform you of the relative cost of each procedure in particular and the treatment in general.