Penicillin g sodium salt

Penicillin G sodium salt helps block the binding of the bacterial membrane peptide, which is sensitive to drugs, thereby leading to their lysis.

The drug is an antibiotic from the category of bioartificial penicillins. It has bactericidal activity, slowing down the binding inside the cell membranes of microbes. [ 1 ]

Novocaine benzylpenicillin salt has a longer therapeutic effect compared to K and Na salts. [ 2 ]

Indications Penicillin g sodium salt

It is used in case of such lesions and diseases:

• pleural empyema, meningitis, pneumonia;
• septicemia or sepsis;
• endocarditis or pericarditis;
• infections in the area of the bile and urinary ducts;
• lesions of the mucous membranes and epidermis with soft tissues;
• ENT diseases;
• osteomyelitis;
• bacteremia, anthrax, erysipelas;
• actinomycosis or diphtheria;
• ophthalmoblenorrhea;
• syphilis or gonorrhea.

Release form

The medicinal substance is released in the form of a lyophilisate for the preparation of injection liquid (volume 1 million U), inside vials, 100 pieces per pack.

Pharmacodynamics

The drug demonstrates an effect on the following bacteria:

• gram-positive: diphtheria corynebacterium, streptococci (this includes pneumococci), staphylococci, and also anthrax bacillus;
• gram-negative: meningococci and gonococci;
• spore-forming anaerobes;
• actinomycetes and Spirochaetaceae.

Staphylococcal strains capable of producing penicillinase are resistant to the drug. [ 3 ]

The drug is subject to destruction in an acidic environment.

Pharmacokinetics

After intramuscular injection, the substance is absorbed at high speed from the injection site. It undergoes extensive distribution within tissues with fluids. Benzylpenicillin crosses the placenta without complications, as well as (in case of inflammation affecting the membranes of the brain) the BBB.

The half-life is half an hour. Excretion occurs in urine.

Dosing and administration

The dosage of the medicine is selected individually. The solution should be administered subcutaneously, and also intravenously, intramuscularly or endolumbarly.

The daily doses of intravenous and intramuscular injections for adults range from 250 thousand/60 million. Infants under 1 year old are given 50-100 thousand U/kg, and children over 1 year old are given 50,000 U/kg. If necessary, the daily dose can be increased to 200-300 thousand U/kg; if there are strict indications, up to 500 thousand U/kg. Administer 4-6 times per day.

Endolumbar injections are performed taking into account the disease and its intensity. For adults, the portion size fluctuates between 5-10 thousand IU, and for children - 2-5 thousand.

The medication should be dissolved in sterile injection fluid or 0.9% NaCl in a proportion of 1000 U/ml. Before the injection (taking into account the ICP indicators), it is necessary to extract about 5-10 ml of CSF, after which it should be added to the medicinal solution in equal proportions.

Subcutaneously, benzylpenicillin is used for injections around infiltrates (100-200 thousand U/ml of 0.25-0.5% novocaine liquid).

The duration of therapy using benzylpenicillin, taking into account the form of pathology and its intensity, can be a minimum of 7-10 days and a maximum of 2+ months.

Use Penicillin g sodium salt during pregnancy

Use in pregnant women is permitted only in situations where the potential benefit to the woman is more likely to outweigh the risks of negative consequences for the fetus.

If the administration of drugs is required during lactation, the option of stopping breastfeeding should be considered.

Contraindications

Contraindicated for use in case of intolerance to benzylpenicillin and other substances from the category of cephalosporins with penicillins.

Endolumbar injections are not given to people with epilepsy.

Side effects Penicillin g sodium salt

Main side effects:

• disorders associated with digestive function: nausea, diarrhea and vomiting;
• signs caused by the chemotherapeutic effect: vaginal or oral candidiasis;
• disorders of the central nervous system: the use of large doses of benzylpenicillin (especially endolumbar) can provoke the appearance of neurotoxic symptoms: vomiting, convulsions, manifestations of meningism, nausea, comatose state and potentiation of reflex excitability;
• Allergy manifestations: epidermal rashes or rashes on mucous membranes, fever, pain affecting joints, Quincke's edema, eosinophilia and urticaria. There is information about the development of anaphylactic symptoms with a fatal outcome.

Interactions with other drugs

Probenecid weakens the excretion of benzylpenicillin through the tubules, due to which the plasma index and half-life of the latter increase.

Combination with antibiotics that have bacteriostatic activity (tetracyclines) reduces the bactericidal effect of benzylpenicillin.

Storage conditions

Penicillin G sodium salt should be stored at temperatures not exceeding 25°C.

Shelf life

Penicillin G sodium salt can be used for a period of 5 years from the date of production of the therapeutic substance.

Analogues

An analogue of the drug is Benzylpenicillin.