Oxampicin

Oxampicin is a broad-spectrum combined antibiotic used to treat various types of infectious diseases. The international name of this drug is Ampicillin+Oxacillin, in accordance with its active ingredients, ampicillin and oxacillin. Oxampicin belongs to the pharmacological group of penicillins in combinations and, together with some drugs, has a strong bactericidal effect on the human body. The spectrum of action of Oxampicin is quite wide, but side effects to the drug can also be varied.

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Indications Oxampicin

Oxampicin is indicated for the treatment of various bacterial infections caused by a sensitive pathogen. These include diseases of the human respiratory system: from sinusitis to pneumonia; and otitis media, cystitis, cholecystitis, urethritis, gonorrhea, etc. The semi-synthetic antibiotic Oxampicin is used to treat skin diseases: erysipelas, impetigo, frequent recurrent dermatoses. It is part of complex recovery after surgeries, including rehabilitation against the background of opportunistic infections as a result of HIV infection. Oxampicin is used to treat postpartum complications: in case of infection of the amniotic fluid, infectious complications of the respiratory system of the newborn, which require resuscitation measures, the risk of aspiration pneumonia of the newborn. Oxampicin is also indicated for some diseases with severe clinical manifestations: meningitis, sepsis, endocarditis.

Release form

The combined antibiotic Oxampicin is available in several dosage forms: capsules, powder for solution for injections, both intramuscular and intravenous, and lyophilisate for injections. One capsule of Oxampicin contains 125 mg of the active antibiotic ampicillin and 125 mg of oxacillin. The powder for solution contains 333.5 ml of ampicillin sodium salt and 166.5 of oxacillin sodium salt. The daily dose of Oxampicin is calculated based on the patient's age and weight and is divided into several doses.

Pharmacodynamics

Oxampicin is a combined semi-synthetic antibiotic, the main active ingredients of which are ampicillin sodium and oxacillin sodium salts. Ampicillin is a semi-synthetic penicillin with bactericidal action, resistant to an acidic environment. Suppresses the reproduction of gram-negative, as well as gram-positive microorganisms that do not form penicillinase. Oxacillin is a semi-synthetic component that is resistant to gram-positive microorganisms that form penicillinase, as well as gram-negative cocci. Oxacillin is also resistant to an acidic environment. Does not extend its effect to non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria, as well as Pr.vulgaris, Providеnсia rettgeri.

Pharmacokinetics

The maximum dose of Oxampicin in the blood is reached in half an hour to an hour after entering the human body. The antibiotic administered as an injection is concentrated in the blood over a shorter period of time than Oxampicin capsules. Moreover, intravenous injections are the most effective, after which the maximum dose of active substances is reached in half an hour. Both active substances of the drug are absorbed equally well. The antibiotic is excreted in the urine through the kidneys, and partly with bile. With subsequent administrations, the polysynthetic antibiotic Oxampicin does not accumulate.

Dosing and administration

The daily dose of the drug required for therapy depends on the patient's age, weight, and the form of Oxampicin used. Capsules are indicated for children aged 3 years and older, with the daily dosage for children under 7 years being 100 mg per kg of body weight. For children aged 7-14 years - 50 mg per kg of body weight. A single dose of Oxampicin intended for adults and adolescents over 14 years of age is from 0.5 to 1 g, and the daily dose is 2-4 g. In severe clinical cases of the disease, the dosage may be increased several times. The daily dose of Oxampicin is divided into 4-6 doses or injections, with a minimum interval of 6-8 hours between them. The injection solution must be prepared immediately before the injection. It is prepared in accordance with the prescription for the drug, depending on its dosage and the nature of the injection. The course of treatment with Oxampicin lasts from 5-7 days to three weeks, which is determined by the degree of development of the infection in the body and the severity of the disease.

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Use Oxampicin during pregnancy

The drug Oxampicin can be used by both pregnant women and nursing mothers. However, the benefit from using this medicine should outweigh the risk to the child in a pregnant woman. Even at the smallest concentrations, Oxampicin can be absorbed into breast milk, so in case of treating a nursing mother, it is worth raising the issue of complete or temporary cessation of lactation (depending on the duration of treatment of the nursing mother). Oxampicin should be taken with caution by women with sensitivity to penicillin substances, since various allergic reactions and complications against their background are possible.

Contraindications

Contraindications to treatment with the antibiotic Oxampicin include hypersensitivity to its components. For example, with poor tolerance of penicillins, the patient may develop various types of allergic reactions. Oxampicin is contraindicated for people suffering from infectious mononucleosis and lymphocytic leukemia. Patients with bronchial asthma and hay fever, as well as various types of allergies, should take the drug with caution. Patients with such problems should be treated with Oxampicin together with desensitizing agents. During the entire period of treatment with the antibiotic, it is necessary to systematically monitor the patient's kidney function, as well as his blood test.

Side effects Oxampicin

During treatment with Oxampicin, various allergies may occur: from the skin - urticaria, swelling, rash; from the respiratory system - rhinitis, as well as angioedema. Conjunctivitis, nausea and vomiting, fever, changes in taste, dysbacteriosis may occur. In some cases, anaphylactic shock may occur, at the first signs of which urgent measures should be taken to bring the patient out of this condition. When Oxampicin is administered into the body in the form of injections, pain at the injection site is possible, as well as swelling, phlebitis, periphlebitis, infiltrate.

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Overdose

During an overdose of Oxampicin, the possible occurrence or increase of side effects of the drug: allergies, intolerance from the digestive organs, as well as the development of anaphylactic shock. In case of an overdose of the antibiotic, its use should be stopped immediately, and also consult a doctor so that he can take the necessary measures to eliminate the negative consequences. The nature of the reactions from the overdose also determines the symptomatic treatment. If a state of anaphylactic shock occurs, measures should be taken immediately to bring the patient to a normal state.

Interactions with other drugs

Taking Oxampicin together with any medications should be agreed with a doctor, since some of them, such as ascorbic acid, increase absorption, while others - laxatives, glucosamines - decrease it. Oxampicin inhibits the synthesis of vitamin K, and also has a negative effect on the intestinal microflora, so its use should be combined with drugs to restore microflora. Women using oral contraceptives should be especially careful, since the action of Oxampicin reduces their effectiveness. The antibiotic enhances the effect of oral anticoagulants on the body, and combining it with probenecid increases the toxic effect of Oxampicin on the human body.

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Storage conditions

The combined semi-synthetic drug Oxampicin must be stored in a place protected from both direct sunlight and bright light, as well as moisture. The optimal temperature for storing Oxampicin does not rise above 25 degrees. And, of course, for curious children's eyes and hands, the packaging with the medicine should be out of reach and visibility, as well as all medicinal substances in the house.

Special instructions

Oxampicin should be taken with caution by people suffering from allergic reactions of various types, since the drug can provoke an allergy. To minimize the impact of the antibiotic on the intestinal microflora, treatment with Oxampicin should be combined with good antibacterial therapy. The toxic effect of the drug on the central nervous system can occur when treating patients with renal failure with large doses. Particular attention should also be paid to the reactions of using Oxampicin to treat newborns whose mothers have hypersensitivity to penicillins. During therapy, it is necessary to monitor the general condition of the body, in particular the functioning of the kidneys and liver, changes in the patient's blood.

Shelf life

The semi-synthetic antibiotic Oxampicin retains its medicinal properties for 2 years, this period is the shelf life of capsules, powder or lyophilisate in dry form. If all storage conditions of the drug are met, it retains its medicinal properties until the end of the use period. However, it is worth remembering that the shelf life does not apply to the prepared injection solution. The diluted injection solution should be used immediately after preparation.