Omnipak

Omnipak is an X-ray contrast agent intended for diagnostic procedures.

Indications Omnipaka

It is used in contrast X-ray studies of patients of different ages. The medication is used during cardioangiography, x-ray of the kidney, arteriography with venography, and in addition with CT, myelography in the neck, sternum or waist, and arthrography.

In addition, the substance is used in ERCP, CT-cisternography, as well as in the examination of the gastrointestinal tract and salpingography.

Release form

The substance is released in the form of a solution for intrathecal, intravascular, and intracavitary injections. Vials have a capacity of 10, 20, and also 50, 100 or 200 ml. Inside the box there are 6, 10 or 25 such bottles.

Pharmacodynamics

The radiocontrast effect of the drug develops due to the absorption of X-rays by organically synthesized iodine. This effect provides visualization of blood vessels and cavities with tissues on radiographs.

Pharmacokinetics

Entered intravenously iohexol for 24 hours almost completely excreted by the kidneys, remaining in the unchanged state. The Cmax values of the drug inside the urine are noted after a period of 60 minutes. The half-life of the substance with healthy renal function is 120 minutes. Metabolic products are not formed. The drug is almost not synthesized with protein (less than 2%).

After intrathecal administration, the drug from the CSF penetrates into the blood, and then is excreted through the kidneys in the unmodified state. The half-life is 3-4 hours.

Cavity contrast (uterine and articular cavities, pancreatic and biliary tracts, urea and fallopian tubes) develops almost immediately after the injection.

Dosing and administration

The method of administration and the size of the portion are selected taking into account many factors - the general state of the person, the method of conducting the examination, the age, weight and the value of the cardiac output.

To enter the medicine inside the vessels follows during the intravenous urography of the excretory type (this is a subspecies of radiopaque renal examination, in which the secretory activity of the kidneys is evaluated), angiography, and in addition venography.

To perform urography excretory type, an adult is administered within 40-80 ml of substance, in 1 ml of which contains 0.3 or 0.35 g of iodine. A child weighing less than 7 kg is required to administer the drug in a ratio of 3 ml / kg (in 1 ml of the substance contains 0.3 g of iodine). A child weighing more than 7 kg is given 2 ml / kg of a similar solution (maximum 40 ml).

To conduct angiography of the aortic arch, use 30-40 ml of the substance (per 1 ml of 0.3 g of iodine). When performing aortography (radiopaque examination of the shape of the aorta), 40-60 ml of the drug (0.35 g iodine per ml) is injected. In the case of carrying out peripheral arteriography (x-ray examination of the arteries) 30-50 ml of medicament (0.3 or 0.35 g iodine per 1 ml of solution) are applied in the leg region.

In cardioangiography (X-ray examination of the heart), an adult person is injected into the aortic root and left ventricle with 30-60 ml of the drug containing 0.35 g iodine in 1 ml. To perform selective coronary arteriography (X-ray examination of the heart arteries), 4-6 ml of a similar substance is required.

To conduct a venography of the legs, apply 20-100 ml of the drug (per ml of liquid - 0.24 or 0.3 g of iodine).

With intracavitary injections (arthrography, herniography, ERCP, x-ray examination of the pancreas by injection of drugs into the pancreas through the 12-typic intestine, as well as hysterosalpingography) Omnipak is used, containing in the 1 ml ml 0,24, 0,3 or 0, 35 g iodine - in a portion that is within 5-50 ml.

To perform an X-ray examination of the gastrointestinal tract, the substance is administered orally in a dose of 10-200 ml (1 ml of the drug contains 0.18 g of iodine) or 10-20 ml (1 ml of the drug contains 0.35 g of iodine).

Subarachnoidal administration is required for myelography of the thoracic, lumbar, and cervical region (X-ray examination of the spinal, thoracic, lumbar, and cervical spine), and at the same time with tomography in the basal cistern area (X-ray examination of the sites located on the cerebrospinal base) .

For adults, the medication is used in solutions, 1 ml of which contains 0.18, 0.24 or 0.3 g of iodine. For the child - exclusively substances containing in the 1-ml ml of 0.18 g of iodine. Taking into account the medical indications, adult servings amount to 4-15 ml, and children's - 2-12 ml. The total volume of iodine in the case of subarachnoid injection can be a maximum of 3000 mg.

It is forbidden to mix medicinal substance with solutions of other medications.

At the end of the procedure it is required to provide the patient with the required hydration.

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Use Omnipaka during pregnancy

You can not prescribe Omnipak during pregnancy. Lactating women use it with caution.

Contraindications

Among the contraindications:

• the presence of intolerance against the drug;
• hyperthyroidism;
• infection of general or local character;
• cerebral forms of infections;
• seizures of epilepsy (with subarachnoidal injections).

Caution is necessary when appointing in such cases:

• seizures of epilepsy;
• diabetes;
• dehydration;
• hypertension affecting the lungs;
• aged people;
• diseases in the field of CAS, which are of a serious nature;
• failure of kidney or liver function;
• chronic stage of alcoholism;
• myeloma;
• multiple sclerosis;
• thromboangiitis obliterans;
• severe form of atherosclerosis;
• thrombophlebitis in the acute stage;
• local allergy symptoms and general allergic pathologies.

Side effects Omnipaka

After intracavitary injection of the medicine, vomiting, signs of allergy, a feeling of heat and nausea are occasionally observed.

In the case of intrathecal injection, headaches, vomiting with nausea, paresthesia affecting the back with neck and limbs, and in addition dizziness and convulsions (the latter in persons with predisposition) may occur.

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Overdose

If you inject drugs at a dosage of not more than 2 g / kg iodine, for a short time interval, the probability of poisoning is minimal.

Manifestations of an overdose - acidosis, bradycardia, as well as bleeding within the lungs, cyanosis and cardiac arrest. In addition, a feeling of weakness, severe drowsiness or fatigue, cramps, insomnia and coma. Also, mental disorders are possible: a state of depression, severe hallucinations or a state of psychosis, a sense of fear, a sense of depersonalization or disorientation. There is also amnesia, hypoesthesia, severe tremor, the development of diplopia or amblyopia, as well as photophobia, paralysis, speech or vision disorders, changes in EEG values, meningism and cerebral hemorrhages.

In this regard, it is required to regularly monitor the operation of life-critical systems and maintain normal VEB values. In accordance with the testimony, emergency procedures are followed.

Interactions with other drugs

It is forbidden to combine the drug with corticosteroids with intrathecal injections.

There is a pharmaceutical incompatibility (inside one syringe) of Omnipac and antihistamines.

MAOI, phenothiazane derivatives, CNS activity stimulants, tetracyclic type antidepressants and analeptics increase the likelihood of seizures and epilepsy.

Antihypertensive drugs when combined with the drug potentiate the likelihood of lowering blood pressure.

Omnipak potentiates the nephrotoxic effect of other medications.

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Storage conditions

Omnipac should be kept at temperature values not exceeding 25 ° C.

Shelf life

Ominpak can be used within 36 months from the date of manufacture of the medicinal product.

Analogues

Analogues of the drug are such drugs as Ultravist, Unipack with Tomohexol, and also Unigexol and Yogexol.

Reviews

Omnipak in most reviews compared with other contrast agents (mainly for comparison used Urografin). The latter is recommended to use more often, because it has a lower price. Although doctors and many patients mention that portability is significantly higher in Omnipack. In connection with this, medical specialists, if there is no reaction to iodine, recommend using this drug.