^

Health

Oils for the treatment of bronchitis

, medical expert
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
Fact-checked
х

All iLive content is medically reviewed or fact checked to ensure as much factual accuracy as possible.

We have strict sourcing guidelines and only link to reputable media sites, academic research institutions and, whenever possible, medically peer reviewed studies. Note that the numbers in parentheses ([1], [2], etc.) are clickable links to these studies.

If you feel that any of our content is inaccurate, out-of-date, or otherwise questionable, please select it and press Ctrl + Enter.

In the cold season, diseases of the respiratory system accompanied by a cough are very common. The body includes this protective mechanism to release the bronchial mucosa from infectious agents and products of their vital activity, synthesizing the mucus from which the body is trying hard to get rid by coughing it. With the beginning of treatment, it is not necessary to delay, and if antibiotic therapy is effective in bronchitis of bacterial etiology, then in other cases it is necessary to resort to various ways of helping your body, including treatment with alternative means.

Oils in bronchitis are used in the treatment of cough in different peoples. Their list is great, and everyone can pick up a recipe for themselves and the way to use it, and find ingredients in their fridge without leaving home. Different methods are used - both inhalation, and rubbing, and baths, and compresses, and ingestion. In addition, each family has its favorite and proven means of cough relief, for example, warm milk with soda and butter, oil compress, eucalyptus inhalations, mustard and rubbing.

Practicing pulmonologists criticize such treatment methods, considering their benefits very exaggerated, and sometimes even capable of causing harm. At the same time, they have been used for centuries and facilitate the patient's condition. Although the same skeptics claim that the main effect of home procedures is psychological and reciprocal: healthy relatives sincerely believe that they help the patient, and he, surrounded by care, also recovers faster from the manifested love and attention. In any case - it's not bad.

trusted-source[1]

Indications Oils for the treatment of bronchitis

Oils with bronchitis are used as softening, facilitating the coughing and excretion of mucus funds. They are used both for acute and chronic disease.

They are applied in the form of inhalations, rubbing, compresses and inside.

trusted-source[2], [3]

Dosing and administration

Natural aromatic volatile compounds - essential oils with bronchitis are most often used in the form of inhalations, hot or cold, rubbing or baths. Preferred are hot inhalations with bronchitis. They are made in the old manner - they add a few drops to a container of hot water and inhale evaporation by covering themselves with a towel. You can use a steam inhaler for this. Hot inhalations do not do when the patient's body temperature exceeds the norm, and small children. The procedure lasts an average of five to seven minutes.

Cold inhalations can be done with a nebulizer (if it is designed for oils), an inhaler Mahold (although the oil in it is slightly heated for more intensive evaporation, but the thermal procedure is not called), you can just inhale the fragrance of oil from the bottle.

You can use an aromatic lamp to saturate the patient's room with aromatic vapors. Oils for inhalation in bronchitis have more or less bactericidal and anti-inflammatory properties, so the spread of their molecules in the air will have a general health effect and will facilitate breathing to the patient.

You can mix 100 g of medical alcohol (70% without additives) and 30-40 drops of essential oil or several oils that do not irritate the home and, above all, the patient, put the mixture in a nebulizer and periodically treat the apartment for disinfection.

Skeptics from medicine believe that no molecules of foreign substances are needed for bronchial patients. Inhalation with essential oils can cause a worsening of the course of the disease. Oil from the bronchi slides into the alveoli and rolls there like balls. This can lead to complications - oily pneumonia, which is much heavier than bronchitis.

Essential oils are also used for grinding. They are mixed with a base oil in the proportion of 3-7 drops of ether and 10-15 drops, for example, linseed, Vaseline or baby cream. This composition rubs the neck, the upper part of the chest and back, not in the region of the heart. It is believed that such a procedure activates blood circulation, relieves inflammation and strengthens immunity.

Rubbing is also quite useless for the bronchi, skeptics say, but not as dangerous as inhalations and even beneficial to the skin, and not for the bronchi. Circulation in the superficial layers of the skin is really accelerating, the skin will be grateful for additional nutrition, but this procedure has nothing to do with internal organs, the warming effect will not reach them.

Baths with essential oils are also used in the therapy of bronchitis. On the bath add five drops of essential oil, take it about a quarter of an hour. Steam should be inhaled with your mouth open. Baths are taken at normal body temperature, collect water about 37 ℃, drip the oil and immerse in it. Then you can pour hot water, bringing the temperature to 39 ℃.

With essential oils, warm compresses are made, and some of them (for example, cedar, mint or lemon) are recommended to add one drop of tea to the teapot in tea. This tea is recommended for acute conditions with high temperature.

Some essential oils are considered more effective

Let us consider their properties.

trusted-source[10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15]

Fir oil

Trees, from the needles of which this oil is extracted, grow in ecologically clean places - the forests of Eastern Siberia. Like all coniferous trees, the extract of young shoots of fir has a pronounced antiseptic properties due to the high content of provitamins and phytoncides, phenols.

Fir oil with bronchitis has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, tones the muscles of the bronchi, stimulating expectoration and normalizing breathing.

With acute bronchitis with fir oil, you can do an antipyretic compress. In a container with water, the temperature of which should be 2-3 ℃ below the body temperature of the patient, drip from six to ten drops of the substance, moisten the towel in it and cover the calves and feet of the patient, and also a napkin on the forehead.

To sanitize the patient's room, fir oil is used at the rate of 10-12 droplets per 15m² of room area.

For grinding, 13-14 drops of this aromatic substance is diluted in a tablespoon of any vegetable oil. This mixture rubs the base of the neck, the upper part of the chest and back, without touching the heart area, the feet. Then the patient is wrapped in a sheet, warmly wrapped and given tea with lime, raspberry, honey or other sweatshops.

In the bath it is recommended to dilute eight drops of fir oil, mixed with one tablespoon of honey.

Hot inhalations are also recommended to be carried out with fir oil mixed with honey - eight tablespoons of oil are added to the tablespoon of honey, heated with hot water and covered with a towel, inhale the formed vapors.

You can mix fir oil with other essential oils, for example, with lavender and eucalyptus. Pour on a piece of natural tissue specified oils in a ratio of 2: 1: 4 and inhale the evaporating aroma.

trusted-source[16]

Camphor oil

White camphor laurel essential oil, used for aromatherapy, is a natural product, quite expensive, since this tree does not grow in the European region.

Its semi-synthetic analogue, extracted from fir tree, is mainly represented in pharmacies as a 10% camphor oil solution for external use. There is also a synthetic analogue, in this case, racemic camphor, obtained by distillation of turpentine and α-pinene, will be indicated in the formulation.

According to the properties and effects on the body, camphor oil of any kind is not fundamentally different from each other, except that preparations from natural wood are considered cleaner in the ecological sense. Camphor as a component is part of the extracts of many plants - basil, wormwood, fir.

Camphoric oil for bronchitis in the home is only applied externally. Inhalations, massages, rubbing with this component stimulate the respiratory function, improve the separation of sputum, warm and activate blood circulation. The oil has an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. Upon contact with the epithelium of the skin, an active oxygen molecule is released from camphor, which has the ability to enter into oxidative reactions with substances contained in the cell membranes of pathogenic microorganisms, thus exerting a bactericidal action.

With camphor oil at a bronchitis do inhalations. It is added to well-known inhalations over a steam emanating from boiled potatoes. Cook two potatoes, with the addition of boiling water 20 drops of camphor oil. Then the water is drained, the potatoes are kneaded in a bowl, and the patient inhales the steam coming from the vessel, covering the head with a towel.

In the presence of a steam inhaler, just a few drops of oil drip into the hot water poured into its container.

Adults can be triturated with camphor undiluted oil heated up on a direct fire - the collar zone, chest, back and feet. Having finished the procedure, the patient should wear natural clothes, warm sweater, without forgetting the socks, carefully cover and leave so to sleep until morning.

Children older than two years are advised to grind for the night with such a mixture: melted unsalted pork lard rubbed with turpentine (on a teaspoonful of both), add to the mixture four drops of camphor oil. Dress and put him to bed. Relief promised in the morning.

You can grind the child with any vegetable oil with the addition of camphor, the composition before the procedure slightly warm.

Adults are recommended to drink twice a day warm milk with camphor oil, dosing four drops per glass.

A few drops of camphor oil can be added to the bath for medical purposes.

trusted-source[17], [18], [19]

Black cumin oil

In both acute and chronic bronchitis, cumin oil is used as an expectorant. It can be used in place of medicinal expectorants with a wet cough. It is considered a pronounced immunomodulator and a natural antiseptic. Its composition and properties are still in the process of studying, so maybe it will still surprise the world with new qualities. The most useful is oil obtained by cold pressing.

Oil of black cumin at a bronchitis accept inside on a teaspoon for a quarter of an hour before meal twice or thrice a day. Children from the age of six give half a teaspoon of honey or syrup. In addition to this substance, it is possible to do trituration, mixing it in proportions: one part of caraway seeds to five parts of linseed, olive or sunflower oil.

To alleviate the painful attacks of dry cough and transfer it to the moist, steam inhalations are made with a solution of oil (a tablespoon) in a liter of water.

From spasms of the bronchi helps sublingual administration of caraway oil - a quarter teaspoons dissolve under the tongue.

trusted-source[20], [21], [22], [23]

Eucalyptus oil

Acute bronchitis is accompanied at the beginning of the disease by a dry painful cough and a rise in temperature. It is in such cases that eucalyptus oil is used for bronchitis. Natural antiseptic, which also has mucolytic and analgesic properties, eucalyptus is considered one of the best natural remedies for the treatment of an excruciating painful cough. It is used universally: for disinfection of the room in which the patient is, inhalation with the aroma lamp, steam and cold, throat irrigation, massage and balneological procedures.

In chronic bronchitis eucalyptus oil is also used to facilitate expectoration of viscous sputum. This remedy has the ability to expand the narrowed lumens of the bronchi and cough up mucus accumulations.

With a dry cough eucalyptus oil is recommended to mix with chamomile oil, and when wet - with tea tree oil. Children in the water (a glass) add one or two drops of oil, adults - about three or four.

Cold inhalation of eucalyptus oil can be done by inhaling it directly from the bottle.

For a warming massage of the upper body and feet, an oil mixture is made in a proportion of 1: 1 with any table vegetable oil.

Two to five drops of oil are added to the healing bath.

This remedy can be used inside, consuming tea with the addition of a droplet of this fragrant product.

trusted-source[24], [25]

Tea tree oil

A pleasant unobtrusive aroma in combination with anti-inflammatory activity makes this essential oil one of the most widely used. It is not toxic and usually does not cause irritation. Nevertheless, he is referred to a fairly strong antiseptic.

In the aroma lamp for rooms of 15 m², a dosage of five to eight droplets is recommended.

A bath with a capacity of 200 liters of water is dosed into 5-7 drops in a solution of sea salt, honey or oil.

Steam inhalations are done over a bowl with well-heated water, into which one or two drops of fragrant substance are added.

Tea tree oil in bronchitis for patients of any age is mixed with an oil base in a proportion of 2: 3, for warm oil compresses dilute in a ratio of 1: 2.

Cedar oil

The agent has the properties to remove inflammation of the respiratory organs, normalize breathing, exerting an expectorant effect and stopping coughing attacks. In addition, the oil has a calming effect.

Cedar oil for bronchitis for aromatherapy is added to the lamp at a rate of four to seven drops per 15m².

For steam inhalations, add one or two drops of oil to the bowl with boiling water.

Trituration is done by a mixture in a proportion of 1: 1.5 with a base oil, four to seven drops of cedar oil is added to the bath.

Cedar oil is taken inside. It is made from pine nuts, it is rich in vitamins and microelements, helps to maintain immunity at a proper level and strengthen the shaken, which is the main thing in the treatment of both acute and chronic diseases. A high-quality oil is golden yellow, the consistency is quite dense, with a pleasant nut flavor, combined with the aroma of coniferous wood. Cedar oil is also available in capsules. For internal use this is the most optimal option.

In addition to the above described in the therapy of bronchitis, other essential oils are also used, most often in combinations. In case of complications of a viral infection, butter of thyme or thyme, rosewood, cypress and rosemary are good.

Essential oil of orange, lemon sorghum, and also - mint oil contribute to the normalization of respiration and restore the epithelium of the respiratory system.

Clove oil is recommended for purulent bronchitis with painful sensations when coughing, lavender oil also has an analgesic effect.

Expectorant properties are ginger oil, liquefied sputum are considered oils of marjoram and jasmine, they are recommended to be used when stagnating sputum in the bronchi.

For example, for steam inhalation, the following recipe can be used: dissolve a tablespoon of honey in a bowl of water at a temperature not exceeding 60 ℃, drop three drops of lavender, eucalyptus and tea tree oil into it, add ten drops of camphor oil. Cover your head with a towel and inhale the evaporation for no more than ten minutes.

For grinding on 50 g of any oil base, add:

  • four drops of essential oils of thyme, tea tree, chamomile and eucalyptus;
  • two drops of sandalwood and bergamot oil, three drops of thyme;
  • six drops of essential oil of thyme, sage and lavender, as well as nine drops of anise oil.

Table and other oils with bronchitis

In the treatment of bronchitis, not only ethereal, but also other types of oils are used, both as a base and an independent therapeutic agent. Therefore, in the household, you can always find a product to help yourself or a loved one, tormented by coughing attacks.

Cacao butter

Fat, synthesized from cocoa beans, contains ascorbic, oleic, lauric, palmic acids, triglycerides, tannins, tannins, minerals, vitamins A and E. Thanks to this rich composition, cocoa butter helps the body resist viruses and bacteria, has an anti-inflammatory and restorative effect .

Cacao oil can be rubbed with bronchitis. They promote the activation of blood circulation and the normalization of respiratory function.

When a cough is caused by bronchitis, cocoa butter is added to warm milk in half teaspoon per glass. Such a drink can be drunk to adults, children, pregnant and lactating women two or three times a day.

Cocoa butter can be mixed with propolis in proportions of one to ten parts. Take this drug you need an hour before eating three times a day for half a tablespoon.

This oil has practically no contraindications, hypersensitivity to it is extremely rare.

Store cocoa butter in the refrigerator, placing in a closed container. It is stored for a long time, the period depends on the degree of freshness of the product purchased and should be indicated on the package.

trusted-source[26]

Sea buckthorn oil

The oil extract of the fruit of sea-buckthorn with seeds is a natural multivitamin complex, especially rich in carotenoids and vitamin A, which gives it a bright orange color.

Sea-buckthorn oil for bronchitis is used topically and orally, as it has a beneficial effect on the skin and mucous membranes, relieving inflammation, stopping the multiplication of pathogens and restoring the damaged surface, and also - strengthens the immune system.

With this oil, you can make steam inhalations by adding it to a glass of hot water in the amount of two teaspoons. It is a good alternative to essential oils, which have sharp odors, which are not tolerated by all patients.

You can use such a complex for hot inhalation: in a container with a hot (about 40 ℃) water, stir on a tablespoon of sea salt and baking soda, then drip 20 drops of butter - camphor and sea buckthorn. Inhale steam for at least ten to fifteen minutes.

You can put on the top of the chest and back compress of sea buckthorn oil and keep it thrice a day for an hour. At night you can leave. The disadvantage of this treatment is the need to use old things and bed linen, which will later have to be thrown away, since it is unlikely to wash out the stains of sea buckthorn oil.

As a means of strengthening the immune system, take an oleaginous extract on a teaspoon twice or thrice a day for a quarter of an hour before a meal.

Castor oil

A well-known ancient laxative was also used in getting rid of bronchitis. True, as an internal means it is not used. But to get rid of a cough, rub the patient before going to bed, mixing slightly warmed castor oil with bronchitis (two tablespoons) from one - turpentine. The mixture is rubbed into the skin of the upper part of the chest and back, and also rubbing the feet. Wear a woolen socks, a T-shirt and a sweater, well cover. With a strong cough, the procedure is carried out twice a day.

trusted-source[27], [28]

Linseed oil

This product, unlike the previous one, is taken only inside. Its rich vitamin composition, as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids contained in the oil, especially Omega-3, which is rare in products, make linseed oil in bronchitis a good alternative to medicines. According to the reviews, it also helps well with advanced chronic bronchial disease.

You can eat after taking oil in an hour. Adults are recommended a daily dose corresponding to one or two tablespoons. Children under six years of age are given one teaspoonful. Dose build up gradually, a day in two or three.

Flaxseed oil in bronchitis can be used as an oil base for the preparation of mixtures for inhalation and rubbing.

This type of oil is rapidly oxidized in air, so an open bottle should be used within a month and a half. It is afraid of light and high temperatures. A good oil is yellow with a greenish tinge, a delicate aroma and slightly bitter. If the oil is dark, clouded, rancid, and it has a pronounced smell, it should be discarded immediately. The shelf life of even a corked bottle is not too long, so it should be used immediately after purchase.

Sunflower oil

This very common product, which can always be found in every kitchen, is also used in the fight against bronchitis. It can be taken as a basis for inhalations and rubbing for mixing with essential oils, when required by prescription.

Oily wrapping can be done to a child with acute bronchitis. One third of a glass of unrefined sunflower oil is heated in a water bath, a towel is soaked in it and the baby is wrapped in it, wrapped with baking paper and a blanket on top.

Adults can make a compress on sunflower oil. As an option, after wetting a piece of cloth or towel in warmed sunflower oil, it is squeezed and impregnated with black radish juice. Then they are applied to the chest and / or the back of the patient, covered with tracing paper or parchment paper, warmly wrapped and well covered with the patient. This procedure can be done at night if the juice of black radish does not cause irritation.

Sunflower oil for bronchitis is used in various mixtures. For example, take equal parts of light flower honey, pine resin, chopped beeswax and refined oil. The ingredients are placed in a container of inert material and tanned in a water bath until a uniform state is obtained. The finished medicine is stored in the refrigerator. Take a teaspoon after two or three meals, be sure to wash down with warm milk, the floor of a tea cup of which will be enough.

Sunflower or olive oil can be soaked mustard,

This method of their application is considered more sparing than the classical soaking in water. Gorchiki in oil with bronchitis does not irritate the sensitive skin, you can not be afraid of a burn in the place of their application.

Butter

In diseases of the respiratory system, animal fats have always been used in alternative medicine, and especially such delicate fat as butter, which has no contraindications. Especially for cough relief in children.

Butter in bronchitis is a common ingredient in many home-made recipes. Probably, there is no person who in the childhood would not drink milk with butter or oil at a bronchitis. This simple means is drunk three to four times a day, and coughing really does go away quickly.

There are many different variations of this drink. For example, you can add ½ teaspoon of butter not to milk, but to cocoa or hot chocolate.

Or take two yolks of chicken eggs (six yolks quail), whisk them with two full (with a slide) teaspoons of sugar, pour hot, but not boiling, boiled milk and add half a teaspoon of butter.

A good therapeutic effect is provided by warm milk with soda and butter in bronchitis. Hot in this case is not suitable, because the antiseptic properties of soda at a temperature above 37 ℃ disappear, there is only a smack.

Such drinks are drunk slowly, in small sips, at least twice a day.

With butter and prepare ointments, which are used for acute and protracted cough. Take the same amount, for example, on a teaspoon of butter and honey, mix until homogeneous, warming up in a water bath. Finished means without fanaticism pound the collar zone, the upper part of the chest and back. Cover with a layer of gauze, put on a T-shirt and warm the patient. Such a procedure has no contraindications, except intolerance to honey.

trusted-source[29]

Stone oil

Mineral substance, which is formed during the leaching of rocks and is a natural alum, containing many necessary for the life of the human body of mineral components - half of the periodic table, dissolves well in water and is applied in the form of an aqueous solution.

Stone oil is able to cure inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system and bronchitis among them. Its action is based on the obtaining by the body of the majority of the necessary mineral substances and the activation of its own protective forces.

Chronic diseases require long-term treatment. The stone oil is diluted in warm water (no more than 60 ℃) in the ratio of a teaspoon to a three-liter jar. The first time you need to dilute not a whole, but half a spoon.

Begin the reception with one tablespoon of the solution during the meal. If there is no deterioration, the dose is increased every day, watching for changes in your health.

The therapeutic dose is three glasses a day. They need to be taken during the day, one for half an hour before the three main meals. It is achieved gradually, increasing the dose of dilution of the solution and gradually switching to a meal before eating.

In chronic forms of bronchitis, the treatment cycle is twenty-eight days, after which a monthly break is made and the cycle is repeated. In a year, you can spend four treatment cycles.

The finished solution should not be stored for more than ten days away from sunlight at room temperature.

Before the beginning of the treatment course it is necessary to pass blood and urine tests, as well as to monitor these laboratory indicators during treatment.

Acute forms of bronchitis and pneumonia are treated according to the following scheme: one tablespoon is taken half an hour before meals twice a day. If the patient has high acidity of gastric juice, the interval is extended to an hour. The solution is prepared from the calculation - a teaspoon per liter bank of boiled water at room temperature.

Compresses make a solution: a glass of water - a teaspoon of rock oil and a dining room - honey. Gauze cut is folded into six layers, lowered into a solution, squeezed and applied to the chest and back in turn.

To treat any of the described oils successfully, it is necessary to use, first of all, quality products. Conscientious producers always indicate on the packaging the storage conditions that must be observed, and the shelf life of the product, the use of oil after the expiration of which is unacceptable.

Use Oils for the treatment of bronchitis during pregnancy

Pregnant women can use a small amount of essential oils. This contraindication is not found in the eucalyptus oil, which is very popular with bronchitis, ginger, citrus, sandalwood and tea tree oils.

Although some of them are used with caution in the first half of pregnancy - tea tree, fennel, cypress, pink. On later terms, they can be used.

Cedar oil is useful for pregnant women, as it has all the necessary vitamins and microelements.

Even future mothers when choosing aromatic oil should check whether it is not intolerant to the chosen flavor.

Contraindicated in the pregnancy of anise oil, wormwood, basil, camphor, sage, juniper, mint, thyme, fir and many others. Usually it is a poisonous substance or capable of stimulating contractions of the uterine musculature.

However, these contraindications relate, in the main, to the actions of these herbal remedies when ingested and are associated with the fact that serious studies of their effect on the body of pregnant women have not been conducted. And in a diluted form with a base of any vegetable oil (olive, sunflower), their application in the form of massage or one-two-time grindings will not have a noticeable effect on the body.

For example, plants such as lavender and chamomile also have the ability to tone the muscles of the uterus, but if there is no threat of miscarriage, then their use is entirely acceptable.

Castor oil inside during pregnancy is not used. With linen - pregnant women should also be careful.

Stone oil is not recommended for use during pregnancy.

Contraindications

Sensitization of the body is a general contraindication for all substances. Also, each of them, apart from the general, has specific contraindications to the application:

Fir oil is not recommended for pregnant and lactating women, as well as for patients younger than 3 years old, suffering from acute nephritis, peptic ulcer disease. In its pure form, it is not recommended to apply it to the skin.

Camphor oil is not recommended for use in children under two years of age, expectant mothers, epileptics.

Black cumin oil inside is not used by pregnant and lactating women (local use is allowed); patients undergoing immunosuppressor therapy; diabetics; Its intake is not recommended to combine with the intake of antibiotics and expectorants.

Eucalyptus oil is not prescribed for children up to the age of two, patients with whooping cough and bronchial asthma.

Tea tree oil is not prescribed for preschool children (in other sources - the lower age limit is 10 years), it is not applied inside. The use of pregnant women is not well understood, but outdoors and not for long is quite acceptable.

Sea-buckthorn oil is not used internally for diarrhea in the patient, it is also not recommended to drink it to people with high acidity of gastric juice, inflammatory processes and stone formations in the pancreas, gall bladder and urinary tract.

During the course of treatment with stone oil, antibiotics, spirits, fatty meat and poultry, drinks with caffeine (coffee, tea), products from cocoa beans, radish and radish should be excluded. It is not prescribed for children, people with severe chronic illnesses in the stage of decompensation.

Thermal procedures - baths, steam inhalations, intensive rubbing and compresses are contraindicated at elevated body temperature, as they can provoke further increase.

trusted-source[4], [5], [6], [7]

Side effects Oils for the treatment of bronchitis

Undesirable effects usually accompany an overdose, non-compliance with storage conditions or use after the expiration date.

Side effects are often expressed in allergic reactions, nausea, headache, photosensitivity.

Castrol oil when ingested causes diarrhea.

trusted-source[8], [9]

Attention!

To simplify the perception of information, this instruction for use of the drug "Oils for the treatment of bronchitis" translated and presented in a special form on the basis of the official instructions for medical use of the drug. Before use read the annotation that came directly to medicines.

Description provided for informational purposes and is not a guide to self-healing. The need for this drug, the purpose of the treatment regimen, methods and dose of the drug is determined solely by the attending physician. Self-medication is dangerous for your health.

You are reporting a typo in the following text:
Simply click the "Send typo report" button to complete the report. You can also include a comment.