Nandrolone

Nandrolone is an anabolic steroid, has androgenic, antitumor, antianemic, and anabolic properties.

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Indications Nandrolone

Among the indications:

• diabetic form of retinopathy;
• progressive stage of muscular dystrophy;
• spinal muscular atrophy;
• conditions in which a negative ratio of the element Ca2+ is observed (with prolonged treatment using GCS, as well as with osteoporosis (post-menopausal or senile form));
• increased catabolic processes that reduce the body's internal resources (development of steroid myopathy or chronic infectious pathologies, receiving severe injuries, performing extensive surgical operations);
• anemias arising against the background of myelofibrosis, renal failure, bone marrow myeloid aplasia (resistant to standard treatment), as well as with metastatic lesions (malignant tumors) of the bone marrow and treatment using myelotoxic drugs, as well as salts from the category of heavy metals;
• malignant inoperable (with development of metastases) tumor of the mammary gland in women during the postmenopausal period or after an ovariectomy procedure;
• growth retardation in adolescents caused by a deficiency of somatotropin in the body.

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Release form

It is produced as an oil injection solution in 1 ml ampoules. There is 1 ampoule inside a separate pack.

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Pharmacodynamics

Nandrolone is a hormonal agent, an artificial derivative of testosterone. Its main active component is nandrolone decanoate.

The drug is synthesized with special protein conductors located on the cell surface of target organs. As a result, a conductor-nandrolone complex is formed, which helps the latter move through the cell membrane into the hyaloplasm, and then the substance penetrates through the membrane of the nucleus into its cells, provoking the activation of genes that regulate the process.

The androgenic effect of the drug occurs by stimulating the processes of binding nucleic acids (such as DNA with RNA) and structural proteins, and in addition, by increasing the respiratory activity of tissues and the oxidative phosphorylation process inside the skeletal muscles (against this background, there is an accumulation of macroergs - such as ATP and phosphocreatine). Along with this, the drug increases muscle mass and reduces the amount of fat deposits. It also activates the growth process of male genitals along with the formation of secondary sexual characteristics (male type). The active component helps to stop skeletal growth and stimulates the process of bone calcification in the growth zones. The drug also accelerates the excretory activity of androgen-dependent glands - male sex glands (stimulates spermatogenesis), as well as sebaceous glands. High doses of drugs suppress interstitial cells and also reduce the binding of internal sex hormones (by inhibiting the pituitary processes of FSH production, as well as LH (negative feedback)).

The anabolic effect occurs by stimulating healing processes in the epithelium (both glandular and integumentary), and in addition to this, muscle and bone tissues - it activates the process of protein synthesis with structural cellular elements. The drug increases the degree of absorption of amino acids from the small intestine (if the patient adheres to a protein diet), thereby creating a positive ratio of nitrogen indicators. It promotes the production of erythropoietin, as well as anabolic bone marrow processes (this property, in the case of a combination with iron drugs, causes an anti-anemic effect).

It prevents the process of binding plasma factors (dependent on vitamin K) of blood coagulation (types 2, 7, as well as 9 and 10), which occurs in the liver. In addition, it changes the nature of the lipid plasma profile (increases the value of LDL, while reducing the level of HDL), and also increases the indicators of renal reabsorption of water with sodium, leading to the formation of peripheral edema.

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Pharmacokinetics

With an intramuscular injection of 100 mg of the drug, the peak level of the substance is observed after 1-3 weeks.

A biotransformation process takes place inside the liver, resulting in the formation of the 17-ketosteroid element.

Excretion occurs mainly in urine (more than 90%), with approximately 6% excreted in feces.

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Dosing and administration

The solution is prescribed in the amount of 50 mg intramuscularly (once, with an interval of 3 weeks). If a disorder of protein metabolism processes is observed, it is allowed to administer the drug in a reduced dose - 25 mg intramuscularly (once with an interval of 3 weeks).

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Use Nandrolone during pregnancy

The drug is contraindicated for pregnant women because it has fetotoxic and embryotoxic properties, and in addition, it can provoke masculinization of the fetus (girls).

Contraindications

Among the contraindications:

• presence of hypersensitivity to drug components;
• prostate cancer;
• malignant neoplasms in men in the mammary glands;
• breast cancer in women complicated by hypercalcemia (as it can provoke the development of osteoclasts, as well as the process of resorption within bone tissue);
• liver pathologies (in acute or chronic form), including those caused by alcohol;
• development of nephrotic syndrome or nephritis;
• lactation period.

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Side effects Nandrolone

As a result of using the drug, the following side effects may occur:

• in both women and men: atherosclerosis begins to progress (LDL levels increase, while HDL levels decrease), peripheral edema and anemia (iron deficiency form) develop, as well as dyspeptic symptoms (including vomiting, pain in the epigastrium or abdominal region, and nausea). Liver dysfunction complicated by jaundice may be observed, as well as leukemia-like syndrome (in this case, changes in the leukocyte formula values occur and pain in the tubular long bones appears). Hypocoagulation is possible, complicated by a tendency to develop bleeding, and hepatonecrosis (symptoms include bloody vomiting, darkening of the stool, a feeling of discomfort, headaches and respiratory dysfunction). There is a risk of developing liver cancer (manifested as urticaria, darkening of urine along with discoloration of feces, and in addition to this, the appearance of macular or point hemorrhagic rash on the mucous membranes and skin, and in addition to this, the development of tonsillitis/pharyngitis) and cholestatic hepatitis (the skin and sclera turn yellow, feces become discolored, urine darkens, and pain occurs in the right hypochondrium);
• manifestations of disorders exclusively in women: development of virilism (the voice becomes rougher, the clitoris increases in size, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea develop, hair begins to grow in a male pattern), and in addition hypercalcemia (a feeling of severe fatigue, vomiting with nausea, as well as suppression of central nervous system function occurs);
• Symptoms in men only: prepubertal period – development of virilism (penis size increases, acne appears, secondary sexual characteristics begin to form, and priapism develops), as well as hyperpigmentation of the skin (idiopathic type), growth inhibition or complete cessation is also observed (in the area of epiphyseal growth sites inside tubular bones, the process of calcification begins). During the postpubertal period, a lump in the mammary glands may be observed, priapism or gynecomastia may develop, as well as problems with the bladder (increased frequency of urination). In older men, prostate adenoma or carcinoma may develop.

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Overdose

As a result of drug overdose, negative manifestations become more severe.

In this case, it is necessary to stop using the solution and carry out therapy aimed at getting rid of the symptoms of the disorder.

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Interactions with other drugs

Mutual enhancement of fluid retention within the body is observed when the solution is combined with mineralocorticoids, as well as glucocorticoids, and in addition with food and drugs containing sodium, and corticotropin. In addition, the likelihood of swelling increases and the severity of skin acne increases.

Combination with indirect anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, and hypoglycemic drugs (their biotransformation process is suppressed) and insulin increases their effect. When combined with Nandrolone solution, the properties of STH and its derivatives are weakened (the mineralization process in the epiphyseal growth areas in tubular bones is accelerated).

The solution weakens the hepatotoxic properties of other drugs.

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Storage conditions

The solution must be kept in a place protected from sunlight, at a temperature of no more than 25°C.

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Shelf life

Nandrolone is permitted to be used for a period of 5 years from the date of release of the medicinal solution.

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