Megion

Megion - a drug from the group of cephalosporins, which has a wide range of antibacterial activity.

Indications of the megion

It is used to eliminate diseases of an infectious nature that are caused by the action of microbes that are intolerant of ceftriaxone:

• meningitis, and besides this sepsis;
• infections that affect the peritoneum (such as peritonitis and inflammation in the area of GVP or GIT);
• infectious lesions affecting connective tissues, bones, epidermis, joints, urinary ducts and kidneys;
• infection in the respiratory duct (especially pneumonia), as well as ENT organs and genitals (among them gonorrhea);
• pathologies of an infectious nature in immunocompromised individuals;
• to prevent the occurrence of complications of an infectious nature after surgical procedures.

[1], [2]

Release form

The medicine is dispensed in the form of an injection lyophilizate, in 0.5 or 1 g bottles. Inside the box contains 1 bottle of 0.5 g or 1, 5 or 50 vials of 1 g volume.

Pharmacodynamics

The medication demonstrates activity against gram-negative and-positive bacteria-aerobes, among which are strains that produce penicillinase, and in addition to anaerobes.

Megion inhibits the activity of transpeptidase and destroys the biosynthesis of the mucopeptide of the bacterial cell membrane, which leads to the death of pathogenic microbes.

[3]

Pharmacokinetics

When the drug is administered intramuscularly, it is completely and quickly absorbed. The level of bioavailability is approximately 100%. The drug is reversibly synthesized with plasma albumin, and the degree of this synthesis is inversely proportional to the LS value inside the plasma (if the level of the drug inside the blood serum is less than 100 mg / l, the synthesis index will be 95%, and at medicinal values of 300 mg / l - 85 %).

The substance easily passes into the liquids (peritoneal and interstitial), into the synovia and the cerebrospinal fluid (if the patient has inflamed shells of the brain), and besides this tissue. Its bactericidal effect lasts 24 hours. The half-life in an adult is 8 hours, for a newborn - 8 days, and for an elderly person (from 75 years) - 16 hours.

Excretion of the unchanged element is carried out through the kidneys and bile (approximately 40-50%). Inside the intestine under the influence of bacterial flora, the substance is transformed into an inactive metabolic product.

About 70% of the portion injected into the newborn is excreted through the kidneys. Inside the mother's milk, about 3-4% of the serum drug values are noted (the index for intramuscular injection is higher than for intravenous).

Dosing and administration

The medicine is injected intramuscularly (into the buttock), in a dose of no more than 1 g for each gluteal muscle. Also, it is slowly injected intravenously, for 2-4 minutes (injection) or for half an hour (infusion).

For adolescents over the age of 12, and in addition to this adult, the average daily dose is approximately 1-2 g. If a severe form of the disease is observed, up to 4 g of substance per day can be administered.

Serving size for children:

• newborns under the age of 14 days: administer 20-50 mg / kg / day;
• children in the age range from infancy to 12 years: for the day, 20-75 mg / kg is administered;
• Children weighing more than 50 kg are given doses prescribed to adults.

A portion larger than 50 mg / kg should be administered in the form of an infusion over a half an hour.

During treatment of meningitis: children (including newborns) are given an initial daily dose of 100 mg / kg (the maximum allowable dosage size is 4 g).

The duration of therapy for infections caused by meningococcus is 4 days; at pathologies caused by a stick of influenza - 6 days; in diseases caused by the action of pneumococcus - 1 week; with diseases caused by enterobacteria - about 10-14 days.

For treatment of gonorrhea, a single-dose intramuscular injection of LS is administered at a dosage of 0.25 g.

To prevent the emergence of various infections after a surgical procedure, one-time (0.5-1.5 hours before surgery) is administered 1-2 g of the substance.

If the patient has impaired renal activity (KK value is less than 10 ml / minute), he can enter a maximum of 2 grams of drugs per day.

To perform an intramuscular procedure, 1 g of the lyophilizate is dissolved in a 1% lidocaine solution (3.5 ml).

For intravenous injection, 1 g of the drug is dissolved in a sterile distilled liquid (10 ml).

For intravenous infusion, it is required to dilute 2 g of the drug in a solution of sodium chloride or 5 or 10% glucose solution (40 ml).

[6]

Use of the megion during pregnancy

Megion can not be used on the 1st trimester. For the period of therapy, it is necessary to refuse breastfeeding.

Contraindications

Contraindication is the presence of hypersensitivity to the medication, as well as other cephalosporins or penicillins.

[4],

Side effects of the megion

The use of the drug may lead to the appearance of various side effects:

• disorders of the gastrointestinal tract: nausea, stomatitis, diarrhea, glossitis and vomiting, and in addition painful sensations in the right hypochondrium, an increase in activity of the action of liver enzymes and a pseudomembranous form of enterocolitis;
• disorders of the HC function: dizziness or headaches;
• lesions affecting the hematopoietic system, hemostasis and CCC: thrombocyto-, leuko- and granulocytopenia, and in addition eosinophilia, hemolytic anemia and blood upsetting disorder;
• problems associated with the epidermis: an allergic form of dermatitis, exanthema, swelling, urticaria and polyiform erythema;
• disorders in the work of the urogenital system: genital candidiasis or oliguria;
• other disorders: anaphylactic symptoms, chills, an increase in serum creatinine values, and in addition, local manifestations (infiltration or pain in the area of drug administration, and occasionally, thrombophlebitis with intravenous injection).

[5]

Overdose

To eliminate poisoning with a medicine, it is required to perform symptomatic measures. In this case, you need to consider that to reduce the plasma level of ceftriaxone with peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis will not work.

Interactions with other drugs

When combined with aminoglycosides, there is a mutual potentiation of the effects of drugs against bacteria of Gram-negative type.

Has a drug incompatibility with solutions, which contain other antibiotics.

Ceftriaxone, suppressing the flora of the intestine, prevents the binding of vitamin K. Because of this, when combined with drugs that reduce platelet aggregation (such as salicylates, NSAIDs and sulfinpyrazone), the likelihood of bleeding increases. This factor also leads to potentiation of anticoagulant properties when combining Megion with anticoagulants.

Simultaneous use of the drug together with diuretics of the loop character increases the likelihood of developing a nephrotoxic effect.

[7]

Storage conditions

Megion should be kept out of the reach of children and sunlight penetration. Temperature marks - no more than 30 ° C.

Shelf life

Megion can be used for 3 years since the release of the drug.

Application for children

Newborns with hyperbilirubinemia (especially those who were born prematurely) use the medication is allowed only under the strict supervision of a physician.

Analogues

The analogues of the drug are the drugs Azaran, Betasporina, Axon and Biotrakson, and besides IFICEF, Longacef with Lendacin and Lifaxon. The list also includes Medaxon with Oframax, Movigip, Steritsif and Rutsefin, and besides this, Torecef, Fortsef, Tertsef, Chison and Triakson. Along with this, Cefogram, Cefaxon and Cephson, with Cefatrine, Cefatriacon sodium, Ceftriaabol and Ceftriaxone-ACOS. Among the analogues are also Ceftriaxone-Vial, Ceftriaxone-CmP, Ceftriaxone-Jodas and the sodium salt of Ceftriaxone.