Megion

Megion is a drug from the cephalosporin group, which has a wide range of antibacterial activity.

Indications Megion

It is used to eliminate diseases of an infectious nature, which are caused by the action of microbes that are intolerant to ceftriaxone:

• meningitis, and in addition sepsis;
• infections affecting the peritoneum (such as peritonitis and inflammation in the biliary or gastrointestinal tract);
• infectious lesions affecting connective tissues, bones, epidermis, joints, urinary tract and kidneys;
• infections in the respiratory tract (especially pneumonia), as well as ENT organs and genitals (including gonorrhea);
• pathologies of an infectious nature in individuals with weakened immunity;
• to prevent the occurrence of infectious complications after surgical procedures.

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Release form

The drug is released in the form of an injection lyophilisate, in vials with a capacity of 0.5 or 1 g. The box contains 1 vial with a volume of 0.5 g or 1, 5 or 50 vials with a volume of 1 g.

Pharmacodynamics

The drug demonstrates activity against gram-negative and -positive aerobic bacteria, including strains that produce penicillinase, and also against anaerobes.

Megion suppresses transpeptidase activity and destroys the processes of biosynthesis of bacterial cell membrane mucopeptide, which leads to the death of pathogenic microbes.

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Pharmacokinetics

When administered intramuscularly, the drug is completely and quickly absorbed. The bioavailability level is approximately 100%. The drug is reversibly synthesized with plasma albumin, and the degree of this synthesis is inversely proportional to the drug level in the plasma (if the drug level in the blood serum is less than 100 mg / l, the synthesis rate will be 95%, and at medicinal values of 300 mg / l - will be 85%).

The substance easily penetrates into fluids (peritoneal and interstitial), into synovium and cerebrospinal fluid (if the patient has inflamed meninges), and also into tissues. Its bactericidal effect lasts 24 hours. The half-life in an adult is 8 hours, in a newborn – 8 days, and in an elderly person (from 75 years) – 16 hours.

Excretion of the unchanged element is carried out through the kidneys and bile (approximately 40-50%). Inside the intestine, under the influence of bacterial flora, the substance is transformed into an inactive metabolic product.

About 70% of the portion administered to the newborn is excreted through the kidneys. About 3-4% of the serum values of the drug are found in mother's milk (the indicator for intramuscular administration is higher than for intravenous administration).

Dosing and administration

The medicine is administered intramuscularly (into the buttock), in a dose of no more than 1 g for each gluteal muscle. It is also administered slowly intravenously, over 2-4 minutes (injection) or over half an hour (infusion).

For adolescents over 12 years of age, and in addition to this, adults, the average daily dose is approximately 1-2 g. If a severe form of the disease is observed, up to 4 g of the substance can be administered per day.

Serving sizes for children:

• newborns up to 14 days of age: administer 20-50 mg/kg/day;
• for children in the age range from infancy to 12 years: 20-75 mg/kg is administered per day;
• For children weighing over 50 kg, the dosages prescribed for adults are used.

A dose greater than 50 mg/kg should be administered as an infusion over half an hour.

During the treatment of meningitis: children (including newborns) are prescribed an initial daily dose of 100 mg/kg (the maximum permissible dosage is 4 g).

The duration of therapy for infections caused by meningococcus is 4 days; for pathologies caused by influenza bacilli - 6 days; for diseases caused by pneumococcus - 1 week; for diseases caused by enterobacteria - approximately 10-14 days.

For the treatment of gonorrhea, a single intramuscular injection of the drug is administered at a dosage of 0.25 g.

To prevent the occurrence of various infections after a surgical procedure, 1-2 g of the substance is administered once (0.5-1.5 hours before surgery).

If the patient has impaired renal function (the CC indicator is less than 10 ml/minute), he can be administered a maximum of 2 g of the drug per day.

To perform an intramuscular procedure, 1 g of lyophilisate is dissolved in a 1% lidocaine solution (3.5 ml).

To perform an intravenous injection, 1 g of the drug is dissolved in sterile distilled liquid (10 ml).

To perform an intravenous infusion, it is necessary to dilute 2 g of the medication in a sodium chloride solution or a 5 or 10% glucose solution (40 ml).

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Use Megion during pregnancy

Megion should not be used in the first trimester. Breastfeeding should be discontinued during the therapy period.

Contraindications

Contraindications include hypersensitivity to the medication, as well as other cephalosporins or penicillins.

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Side effects Megion

The use of the drug may lead to the appearance of various side effects:

• gastrointestinal disorders: nausea, stomatitis, diarrhea, glossitis and vomiting, as well as pain in the right hypochondrium, increased activity of liver enzymes and pseudomembranous enterocolitis;
• disorders of the nervous system: dizziness or headaches;
• lesions affecting the hematopoietic system, hemostasis and cardiovascular system: thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and granulocytopenia, as well as eosinophilia, hemolytic anemia and blood clotting disorder;
• problems associated with the epidermis: allergic dermatitis, exanthema, swelling, urticaria and erythema multiforme;
• disorders of the urogenital system: genital candidiasis or oliguria;
• other disorders: anaphylactic symptoms, chills, increased serum creatinine levels, and in addition local manifestations (infiltrate or pain in the area of drug administration, and in addition, rarely, thrombophlebitis with intravenous injection).

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Overdose

To eliminate drug poisoning, symptomatic measures must be taken. It should be taken into account that it is not possible to reduce the plasma level of ceftriaxone using peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis.

Interactions with other drugs

When combined with aminoglycosides, there is a mutual potentiation of the effect of the drugs against gram-negative bacteria.

It is incompatible with solutions containing other antibiotics.

Ceftriaxone, by inhibiting intestinal flora, prevents the binding of vitamin K. Because of this, when combined with drugs that reduce platelet aggregation (such as salicylates, NSAIDs and sulfinpyrazone), the likelihood of bleeding increases. This factor also leads to potentiation of the anticoagulant properties when Megion is combined with anticoagulants.

The simultaneous use of the drug with loop diuretics increases the likelihood of developing a nephrotoxic effect.

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Storage conditions

Megion should be kept in a place closed to children and sunlight. Temperature marks - no more than 30°C.

Shelf life

Megion can be used for 3 years from the date of release of the drug.

Application for children

Newborns with hyperbilirubinemia (especially those born prematurely) are allowed to use the medication only under strict medical supervision.

Analogues

The analogs of the drug are Azaran, Betasporin, Axone and Biotrakson, as well as IFITSEF, Longacef with Lendacin and Lifaxon. The list also includes Medaxon with Oframax, Movigip, Stericyf and Rocephin, as well as Torotsef, Forcef, Tercef, Hizon and Triaxon. Along with this, the drugs Cefogram, Cefaxon and Cefson with Cefatrin, Cefatriaxone sodium, Ceftriabol and Ceftriaxone-AKOS. Among the analogs are also Ceftriaxone-Vial, Ceftriaxone-KMP, Ceftriaxone-Jodas and sodium salt of Ceftriaxone.