Madopar

Madopar belongs to the antiparkinsonian drugs based on levodopa.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5]

Indications Madopar

Madopar can be indicated for the therapy of any variation in Parkinson's disease. An exception is parkinsonism, induced by drugs.

In addition, Madopar can be used for specific therapy of idiopathic and symptomatic "restless legs syndrome".

[6], [7]

Release form

Madopar is presented by the encapsulated form of the preparation (size No. 1), with a dense bluish-green capsule and a rich-green lid, with fine granules of the powder inside. On the capsule there is a clear inscription "Roche".

The active component is represented by two substances: levodopa and benserazide.

Standard packaging contains 100 pcs. Capsule preparation in a brown flacon with a screw cap. The lid has a control strip for guaranteed "first opening" of the vial.

[8], [9], [10], [11], [12]

Pharmacodynamics

One of the main ingredients of Madopar - levodopa - is the link in the production of dopamine - the neurotransmitter of the brain. It is the deficiency of dopamine is considered the main factor in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.

Madopar is used primarily to increase the level of dopamine, as this drug perfectly crosses the blood-brain barrier. After entering the structure of the central nervous system, levodopa is transformed into dopamine by a complex bioreaction.

Dopamine belongs to one of the main roles in the development of restless legs syndrome, so the application of Madopar is absolutely justified in this case.

Madopar is a combination of levodopa and benserazide - this combination is optimal, which is confirmed by clinical and therapeutic tests. This combination allows you to correct the shortage of dopamine in the structures of the brain.

[13], [14], [15],

Pharmacokinetics

The components of Madopar are slowly digested in the digestive tract. Limit plasma concentration is achieved after 3 hours after taking the medication.

Levodopa overcomes the blood-brain barrier, without forming a connection with plasma proteins. The value of the distribution volume is 57 liters.

The second active ingredient, benserazide, is not able to pass through the blood-brain barrier. Its accumulation is fixed in the tissues of the liver, kidneys, lungs and small intestine.

The main products of the drug metabolism are homovaniline and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid. The half-life of the main plasma metabolite lasts from 15 to 17 hours, which means that when taking the standard dosages of the medication in the body, the accumulation of active substances is observed.

Benserazide is almost completely excreted in the form of metabolites: more than 60% - with the urinary fluid, more than 20% - with the feces.

[16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22]

Dosing and administration

Standard at the beginning of treatment take 1 capsule Madopar 125 mg three times a day, for 7 days.

After this, weekly dosage is increased by one capsule, watching the effect of the drug. Having reached the optimum effect, the dose increase is stopped. Usually there are enough 4-8 capsules of 125 mg (sometimes - up to 10 pcs.) Daily, divided into three doses.

The supporting amount of the drug is 250 mg Madopar three times a day.

Capsules are swallowed in their entirety without opening them and chewing them.

The exact dosage and frequency of reception is carefully determined for each patient individually.

Use Madopar during pregnancy

Madopar is strictly contraindicated for use not only by pregnant women, but also by women of childbearing age who are not sufficiently protected or not protected at all.

If during the therapy Madopar the doctor diagnoses the patient's pregnancy, then the drug in strict order is canceled.

Madopar negatively affects the amount of breast milk in a nursing woman, and can also affect the malformed bone system in a baby. For these reasons, lactation and simultaneous administration of Madopar are incompatible.

Contraindications

• Diagnosed hypersensitivity to any ingredient in the preparation.
• Combination of drugs-inhibitors MAO.
• Decompensated conditions associated with the endocrine system, kidneys, liver, heart, as well as psychopathology with psychotic elements.
• Closed-angle glaucoma.
• Period of pregnancy and breastfeeding.

In addition, Madopar is not used to treat patients under 25 years of age (the period of completion of the growth of the bone system).

[23],

Side effects Madopar

• Feeling of anxiety, sleep disorders, delusional and hallucinatory conditions, spatial disorientation, depression, headaches, episodic uncontrollable movements, episodes of drowsiness, dizziness.
• Dyspepsia, taste, thirst.
• Heart rhythm disturbances, changes in blood pressure.
• Runny nose, bronchitis.
• Anemia, changes in the number of leukocytes and platelets.
• Rashes, itching.
• Emaciation.
• Infectious diseases.

[24], [25],

Overdose

Characterized by an overdose of the appearance of the following symptoms:

• heart rhythm disturbances;
• impaired consciousness;
• sleep disorders;
• attacks of nausea and vomiting;
• uncontrolled motor activity.

Medical measures in such situations consist of the appointment of symptomatic drugs: medications to maintain the respiratory system, antiarrhythmic drugs, neuroleptics. The main goal for the doctor is to control the vital functions of the body.

[26]

Interactions with other drugs

The combination of Madopar with other medicines can be controlled according to the following table:

Trihexyphenidyl	Reduces the speed of assimilation Madopar
Antacid agents	Reduces the absorption of Madopar
Ferrous Sulphate	Reduces the limiting concentration of Madopar in plasma.
Metoclopramide	Accelerates the absorption of Madopar
Neuroleptics, reserpine-based drugs and opium preparations	Oppress the properties of Madopar
Sympathomimetics	Their effect is enhanced by the influence of Madopar
Other anti-Parkinsonics	Mutually enhance the effect and increase the likelihood of side effects
Comt inhibitors	Require a reduction in dosage Madopar
Protein-rich food	Disrupts the assimilation of Madopar from the digestive system

[27], [28], [29], [30]

Storage conditions

The antiparksonic drug Madopar is stored in places completely inaccessible to children's antics. The optimum storage temperature is up to + 30 ° C.

[31], [32],

Shelf life

They store Madopar for up to 3 years, in their original packaging.

[33], [34]