Lyoton 1000

Lyoton 1000 is a medical preparation based on heparin, which has anticoagulant (antithrombotic) properties and is used for the treatment and prevention of various diseases of blood vessels and muscles.

"Lyoton 1000" is usually applied to the skin in the area of the lesion with light massage movements. Before using the drug, it is necessary to consult a doctor and carefully study the instructions for use.

Indications Lyoton 1000.

1. Varicose veins and its complications: The drug can be used to treat symptoms of varicoseveins such as swelling, soreness and fatigue in the legs, trophic ulcers.
2. Thrombophlebitis and phlebitis: Lyoton 1000 can help reduce inflammation and pain in thrombophlebitis (inflammation of a vein with blood clot formation) and phlebitis (inflammation of veins).
3. Deep vein thrombosis: The drug may be used as part of complex therapy for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis (thrombus formation in deep veins), especially in patients at high risk of thromboembolic complications.
4. Tendon and muscle injury: Lyoton 1000 can be used to relieve pain, swelling and inflammation in injuries, sprains, muscle overload syndrome and other tendon and muscle injuries.
5. Swelling of various origins (including after trauma and surgery).
6. Lymphostasis (impaired lymph flow).
7. Severity Syndrome and leg pain.
8. Post-thrombotic syndrome (consequences of venous thrombosis).
9. Painful touch syndrome (marked soreness with slight pressure on the skin).
10. Prevention of thrombosis after surgery: The drug may be prescribed as a prophylactic agent to prevent thrombosis after surgical interventions, especially on the lower extremities.

Release form

Lyoton 1000 is available in the form of a gel for external use. It is convenient to use directly on the affected areas of the skin due to rapid absorption and lack of greasy residue after application.

• Gel for external use: Usually available in tubes of various capacities (e.g. 30 g, 50 g, 100 g). The concentration of sodium heparin in Lyoton 1000 is 1000 IU (international units) per 1 g of gel, which ensures its high efficacy in the treatment of the above mentioned conditions.

Pharmacodynamics

1. Anti-inflammatory action:

   • Heparin, the main active ingredient of Lyoton 1000, helps reduce inflammation by inhibiting the activation of inflammatory mediators and platelet aggregation.

2. Anticoagulant action:

   • Heparin is an indirect anticoagulant that inhibits the activation of clotting factor XII and X as well as thrombin. This has the effect of reducing the formation of blood clots and preventing further growth of existing clots.

3. Anti-exudative action:

   • Heparin reduces vascular permeability and facilitates the outflow of fluid from tissues, which helps to reduce swelling and inflammation.

4. Stimulation of tissue regeneration:

   • Some studies suggest that heparin may promote tissue regeneration and improve microcirculation, which in turn promotes wound and injury healing.

Pharmacokinetics

1. Absorption: Lyoton 1000 is usually used intramuscularly or subcutaneously. After subcutaneous administration, the low molecular weight heparin is rapidly and completely absorbed into the bloodstream.
2. Distribution: Lyoton 1000 is distributed in the body, reaching various tissues and organs, including sites of thrombosis or thromboembolism.
3. Metabolism: Low molecular weight heparin is not metabolized in the body. It acts as a direct thrombin inhibitor, which reduces blood clot formation.
4. Excretion: Low molecular weight heparin is excreted from the body, mainly through the kidneys, in unchanged form. Dose adjustment may be required in patients with impaired renal function.
5. Half-life: The half-life of Lyoton 1000 varies depending on individual patient characteristics, but is usually several hours.

Dosing and administration

General recommendations for use

• Quantity: It is generally recommended to apply a 3 to 10 cm strip of gel to the affected area of skin.
• Frequency of use: The gel should be applied to the skin 1-3 times a day.
• Method of application: The gel is applied directly to the skin in the area of the lesion and is easily rubbed in until it is completely absorbed. It is necessary to avoid contact of the gel with open wounds or mucous membranes.

For various conditions

• For varicose veins and thrombophlebitis: It is recommended to apply the gel according to general recommendations, gently rubbing it into the skin to improve microcirculation and reduce inflammation.
• For bruises, bruises and swellings: The gel effectively helps to resorbbruises and reduce swelling, for this purpose it should be applied to the damaged area 1-3 times a day.

Important points

• Hands must be clean and dry before applying the gel.
• After applying the gel, hands should be washed thoroughly, especially if the gel has gotten on your fingers or palms.
• Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes. In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water.
• If the condition does not improve or worsens within a few days of starting to use the gel, you should consult your doctor.
• Lyoton 1000 gel is intended for external use only.

Use Lyoton 1000. during pregnancy

Regarding the use of Lyoton 1000 during pregnancy, it is important to note the following:

1. Benefit and risk assessment: When deciding whether to prescribe Lyoton 1000 during pregnancy, the doctor should carefully evaluate the potential benefits of treatment for the mother and child, as well as possible risks.
2. Risk of bleeding: A drug containing heparin may increase the risk of bleeding, which can be particularly dangerous during pregnancy, especially during labor or in the postpartum period.
3. Maternal and fetal monitoring: While taking Lyoton 1000 during pregnancy, regular medical monitoring may be required to assess the condition of both mother and fetus.
4. Alternative therapies: In some cases where a patient requires anticoagulant therapy during pregnancy, alternative medications with less risk to the mother and fetus may be preferred.
5. Individual characteristics: The decision to use Lyoton 1000 during pregnancy should be individualized and based on the peculiarities of each specific clinical situation.

Contraindications

1. Hypersensitivity: Patients with known hypersensitivity to heparin or other components of the drug should not use Lyoton 1000 due to the risk of allergic reactions.
2. Open Wounds and Ulcers: Application of Lyoton 1000 to open wounds or ulcers may increase the risk of bleeding and other complications, so it should be avoided in such cases.
3. Hemophilia and other bleeding disorders: Lyoton 1000 is contraindicated in patients with hemophilia and other clotting disorders, as it may increase the risk of bleeding.
4. Pregnancy: The use of Lyoton 1000 during pregnancy may require careful weighing of benefits and risks, and the decision on its use should be made by a doctor.
5. Breastfeeding: There is insufficient data on the safety of Lyoton 1000 use during breastfeeding, so its use in this case may require caution and a doctor's recommendation.
6. Children: The safety and efficacy of Lyoton 1000 in children under 18 years of age have not been adequately established, so its use in this age group may be limited.

Side effects Lyoton 1000.

1. Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching, hives, swelling of the face or throat.
2. Local reactions at the application site: skin redness, burning, itching.
3. Rarely, systemic reactions may occur: headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting.
4. Occasional bleeding or aggravation of existing bleeding may occur.
5. Increased sensitivity to sunlight is possible.

Overdose

There is limited information on Lyoton 1000 overdose in the literature. However, given that Lyoton 1000 is a topically applied heparin-based preparation, overdose is likely to be associated with increased systemic absorption of heparin through the skin.

In case of possible overdose with topically applied Lyoton 1000, the following measures should be taken:

1. Skin flushing:Rinse the skin area where Lyoton 1000 has been applied with plenty of water.
2. Medical attention: Seek medical attention to get professional guidance and evaluation of the condition.
3. Symptomatic treatment: Treatment will focus on managing any side effects and symptoms that may occur due to overdose, such as allergic reactions, skin irritation, and other unwanted effects.
4. Condition Monitoring: It is important to monitor the patient closely and watch for possible complications of overdose.

Interactions with other drugs

1. Antiplateletdrugs (anticoagulants): Co-administration of Lyoton 1000 with other anticoagulants such as warfarin or heparin may increase the anticoagulant effect and increase the risk of bleeding.
2. Platelet function drugs: Lyoton 1000 may interact with platelet function drugs such as acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which may also result in an increased anticoagulant effect and increased risk of bleeding.
3. Drugs affecting renal function: Since Lyoton 1000 is partially excreted through the kidneys, co-administration with other drugs affecting renal function may alter its pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics.
4. Drugs that increase the risk of bleeding: Co-administration of Lyoton 1000 with drugs that increase the risk of bleeding (e.g., antiaggregants, anticoagulants, some antibiotics) may increase this risk.
5. Drugs that reduce the risk of bleeding: On the other hand, drugs that reduce the risk of bleeding (e.g., anti-clotting drugs) may reduce the effectiveness of the anticoagulant effect of Lyoton 1000.

Storage conditions

1. Temperature: The drug should be stored at a controlled temperature between 15 and 25 degrees Celsius.
2. Dryness: Lyoton 1000 should be stored in a dry place to avoid moisture, which may affect its stability and efficacy.
3. Light: The drug should be stored in packaging protected from direct sunlight, as light can degrade the active ingredients.
4. Children: Keep Lyoton 1000 out of the reach of children to prevent accidental use.
5. Manufacturer's instructions: Always follow the storage instructions on the package or in the instructions for use provided by the drug manufacturer.
6. Avoid extreme conditions: Do not store Lyoton 1000 in places with high humidity, heat or cold, as this may affect its quality.