Cardazine

Cardazine has an effect at the cellular level, stabilizing the energy balance within them during hypoxia, and preventing a decrease in ATP levels. At the same time, it maintains cellular homeostasis, helping the healthy functioning of ion channels in cell walls and the movement of potassium ions through them.

By interfering with metabolic processes and optimizing oxygen use in cases of myocardial ischemia, the drug preserves energy potential, preventing the reduction of ATP energy reserves inside myocardial cells. [ 1 ]

Indications Cardazine

It is used in the following situations:

• cardiology: prevention of the development of angina attacks (in monotherapy or in combination with antianginal agents);
• otolaryngology: therapy in cases of cochlear-vestibular disorders of ischemic origin ( tinnitus, dizziness and hearing loss);
• ophthalmology: ischemia-related chorioretinal disorders.

Release form

The release of the therapeutic substance is realized in tablets - 10 pieces inside a cell pack, 3 packs inside a box; 30 pieces inside a blister pack, 2 packs inside a pack.

Pharmacodynamics

The drug selectively slows down the mitochondrial enzyme – substance 3-KAT, as a result of which oxidation directed at fatty acids is weakened, and the coupling of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation processes is restored. All this leads to an increase in myocardial resistance to ischemia – due to the rationalization of oxygen use.

The drug helps maintain ATP levels, as well as cAMP inside brain cells, supports the activity of hepatocyte mitochondria, and at the same time eliminates the negative impact of free radicals - reducing the severity of lipid peroxidation and increasing the potential of the protective antioxidant system. [ 2 ]

In people with angina, the drug increases exercise tolerance without changing heart rate, and also reduces the number of angina attacks. [ 3 ]

In otolaryngology, the drug increases the tolerability of vestibular tests, eliminates ear noise, improves hearing, and effectively reduces the duration, severity, and frequency of dizziness attacks in the case of Meniere's morbus or dizziness of vascular origin. In people with perceptual deafness, the spectrum of perception in dB increases, and auditory dysfunctions are weakened.

In people with choroidal retinal vascular lesions, the drug helps restore retinal function, thereby stabilizing electroretinogram readings and improving the visual field and acuity due to positive anatomical changes. As a result, the functional signs of retinal lesions are reduced (especially in the case of macular degeneration in the elderly).

Pharmacokinetics

The drug is fully and rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Plasma Cmax values are reached less than after 120 minutes; they are equal to 55 mg/ml with a single use of 20 mg of the drug.

The bioavailability level is above 85%. Stable values are reached after approximately 24-36 hours with repeated use; the indicators are maintained throughout the entire treatment cycle.

Protein synthesis in vitro is approximately 16%. The substance is well involved in tissue distribution. The distribution volume index is 4.8 l/kg.

Excretion is mainly via the kidneys, with 51% being in an unchanged state. The half-life is approximately 6 hours; in the elderly (over 65 years of age) – 12 hours.

Food intake does not alter the pharmacokinetics of the drug.

Dosing and administration

The medicine is taken orally - 1 tablet 2-3 times a day, with food; it should be washed down with plain water. Within 40-60 mg of the drug can be administered per day. The duration of therapy is selected by the doctor, taking into account the course and severity of the pathology.

• Application for children

It is not used in pediatrics, since there is no experience in prescribing drugs to children.

Use Cardazine during pregnancy

It is prohibited to prescribe Cardazine during breastfeeding or pregnancy.

Contraindications

Contraindicated for use in cases of severe personal intolerance to the medication.

Side effects Cardazine

Side effects include:

• gastrointestinal tract lesions: vomiting or nausea;
• Allergy symptoms: itching or epidermal rashes may occur.

Storage conditions

Cardazine should be stored in a dark and dry place, out of the reach of small children. The temperature level should be in the range of 15-25 °C.

Shelf life

Cardazine is allowed to be used within 24 months from the date of manufacture of the drug.

Analogues

The analogs of the drug are Preductal, Trimet with Karduktal, Trikard and Predizin with Triduktan, as well as Energoton and Trimetazidine.