Humpy

Humodar is a hypoglycemic medicine, is included in the category of insulin.

Indications Homodara

It is used for the treatment of diabetes.

Release form

The release of the drug is realized in the form of an injectable suspension, inside cartridges with a volume of 3 ml (corresponding to 100 U / ml), 3 or 5 pieces inside the package.

Pharmacodynamics

Insulin medication, similar in structure to human insulin. The drug reduces blood glucose levels. The active ingredients of the drug are a neutral insulin solution, as well as NPH-insulin.

Pharmacokinetics

Humodar has a rapid onset of drug exposure and its average duration. Its effect develops after 30-45 minutes from the moment of application, reaching its maximum after 1-3 hours. The duration of therapeutic effect is about 12-16 hours.

The duration of the influence of drugs described above is indicated approximately. Its exact scope depends on the size of the dose of the drug, the patient's condition and his individual characteristics.

Dosing and administration

Before the initial use of the drug, it is required to clinically check the patient's tolerance - for this, it is necessary to inject a substance by the method (30-45 minutes before eating). The injection site must be changed with each new injection.

It is strictly forbidden to enter the drug in an intravenous manner.

Before performing the injection procedure, it is necessary to wipe the epidermis in the injection area. Next you need to enter the needle to the desired depth inside the subcutaneous tissue. The injection should be done carefully, taking care not to touch the vein. At the same time it is impossible to massage the injection site.

Immediately after the end of the injection, the needle must be removed from the syringe. This will prevent the release of insulin, as well as contribute to sterility.

Dosages and time for injections are selected by the treating doctor for each patient separately, taking into account his needs. In the case of adult serving, the daily need for insulin is in the range of 0.5-1.0 IU / kg.

You can make the transition from other insulin drugs only under medical supervision. The patient must carefully observe all medical instructions (diet, daily ration of insulin, and with it physical activity).

Use Homodara during pregnancy

Insulin cannot pass through the placenta, which is why the medicine is allowed to be used during pregnancy. It must be borne in mind that the need for insulin is often reduced in the first trimester, and then significantly increased in the second and third. Immediately after giving birth, a woman's need for insulin is dramatically reduced, which increases the risk of hypoglycemia. But in the future, these indicators quickly come to their usual level.

During lactation, it may be necessary to correct the diet or a portion of insulin.

Contraindications

Among the contraindications: intolerance to the elements of the drug and allergy of a paragroup nature (for example, in relation to phenol, protamine sulfate and m-cresol). A conditional contraindication may be a severe form of allergy (immediate) against insulin. In addition, there may be cross-immunological feedback between human and animal insulin.

Side effects Homodara

Disorders of metabolic processes.

Often, hypoglycemia develops in connection with insulin therapy, which occurs when an excessively large portion of the drug is used. In hypoglycemia, a decrease in glucose values to less than 40-50 mg / dL is observed. Among the signs of hypoglycemia are pallor of the epidermis, a feeling of irritability, weakness, anxiety, nervousness or unusual tiredness, cold sweat, tremor, and also loss of orientation, increased hunger, problems with concentration, headaches, increased heart rate and transient visual disturbances. Hypoglycemia in a severe degree can cause loss of consciousness or convulsions, as well as transient or permanent disorder of brain functions and, sometimes, even a threat to life.

With inadequate portions of insulin, the development of a diabetic form of ketoacidosis or hyperglycemia is possible. Among the signs of hyperglycemia are increased urinary processes, drowsiness or thirst, nausea, dry oral mucosa, dryness and redness of the epidermis, loss of appetite, and the smell of acetone during breathing.

In the first weeks of insulin therapy, the legs can swell up (this is called insulin swelling), which is associated with the processes of fluid retention within the body; such manifestations disappear on their own.

Immune manifestations.

Occasionally, the use of insulin causes allergies, manifested in the form of local symptoms - swelling, redness or itching at the injection site. Allergy symptoms that have a generalized nature, and manifested in the form of nausea, erosion in the mucous membranes, and in addition to this chill, develop individually. Among the severe generalized reactions - anaphylaxis, accompanied by impaired cardiac and respiratory function, as well as angioedema. Such symptoms can potentially be life-threatening for the patient.

The single use of insulin can lead to the appearance of antibodies against it. Their presence may cause the need for dosage adjustment to avoid the occurrence of hyper- or hypoglycemia.

In people with hypersensitivity to insulin, it is possible to reduce its effect on tissue cells that are sensitive to the substance (development of insulin resistance). This disorder results from the hyper-production of antibodies against insulin or its endings, or due to the hyper-secretion of counter-insulin hormones. When using more than 60 U of insulin per day, it is necessary to assume the presence of insulin resistance and to consult with the doctor about the change in dosage and type of insulin, and in addition to this compliance with the required diet.

Lesions of the subcutaneous layer or epidermis.

At the initial stage of therapy with insulin, there may be changes in the appearance of the epidermis at the injection site, as well as a short cumulation of the fluid inside the tissues (transient puffiness) and light redness. These symptoms go away independently during the course of therapy.

When a large erythema occurs, against the background of which bubbles and itching appear, rapidly spreading beyond the borders of the injection area, and in addition to other severe symptoms of intolerance regarding the elements of the drug, you must notify the doctor, because sometimes these manifestations can be life-threatening. Medic decides on further measures.

At the injection site, hypertrophy or atrophy of adipose tissues rarely develops. Due to the constant change of the introduction sites, such signs can be weakened or avoided completely during subsequent therapy.

At times, there are complications associated with damage to the innervation of the skin apparatus with a needle of a syringe, and besides, possibly, chemical elements that are contained in insulin products in the form of preservatives.

Violations of the visual function.

At the initial stage of insulin therapy, the development of eye refraction disorders is possible. Similar symptoms disappear themselves after 2-3 weeks.

Neurological problems.

Occasionally, treatable polyneuropathy develops.

Overdose

Intoxication can be caused by the following factors: absolute insulin overdose, changing drugs, vomiting, skipping meals, diarrhea, physical activity and diseases in which the need for insulin is reduced (hypofunction affecting the pituitary, adrenal cortex or thyroid, and liver or kidney pathology ). Also, this can be promoted by changing the location of the injection (for example, the skin on the thigh, stomach or forearm) or the interaction of insulin with other drugs that cause a sharp decrease in blood glucose values.

When symptoms of hypoglycemia appear in a diabetic, you can try to prevent this condition yourself by taking glucose or sugar (recommended in the form of a solution), or food high in carbohydrates or sugar. For this purpose, you should always have a minimum of 20 g of dextrose.

In the case of severe conditions, triggered by a decrease in blood glucose indicators, it is required to / in the introduction of this element, carried out by a doctor, or the use of glucagon. Patients who are able after this procedure to resume self-activity, should eat.

If it is impossible to immediately lower the glucose indices, urgent medical assistance is required. In particular, intoxication is dangerous for people with cerebral blood flow disorders and for those who, in addition to diabetes, have coronary heart disease of a pronounced nature.

Interactions with other drugs

With the additional use of other medications, the effects of insulin on blood sugar levels may potentiate or weaken. Because of this, they are allowed to apply only with the permission of the doctor.

The hypoglycemic effect can develop with a combination of insulin with amphetamine, clofibrate, α-adrenoreceptor blockers or β-receptors, anabolics, MAOI, phosphamide, and also fenfluramide, methyldopa, cyclophosphamide, tetracycline and fluoxetine. Hinetidine, trofosfamide and tricyqualines are also on the list.

Reducing the effectiveness of insulin can occur with combined administration with diazoxide or chlorprothixene, diuretic drugs (saluretics), hormonal contraception, isoniazid, heparin, niacin, and in addition GCS, phenolphthalein or lithium carbonate. In addition, phenytoin, phenothiazine derivatives with sympathomimetics, thyroid hormones and tricyclics are on the list.

In humans, in combination with insulin receiving salicylates, and in addition clonidine or reserpine, both reduction and potentiation of the effect exerted by insulin can develop.

When drinking alcohol, there may be a dangerous lowering of blood glucose values.

Storage conditions

Humodar is required to be kept in a place closed from access for small children. Do not freeze the drug, and you should prevent direct contact of the cartridge with a therapeutic substance with cold storage or freezer compartment. Temperature - in the range of 2-8 ° C. A used cartridge can be stored at standard room temperature if it is protected from sunlight and heat.

Shelf life

Humodar can be used within 24 months from the date of manufacture of the pharmaceutical product.

Application for children

There is not enough information regarding the use of drugs in pediatrics.

Analogs

Analogues of drugs are drugs Aktrapid, Epaydra, Insular asset, Humalog, Novorapid penfil, Humulin regular, as well as Novorapid flekspen.