Hexoprenaline

Hexoprenaline is a drug that primarily affects the function of the PNS. It belongs to the category of selective β2-adrenergic stimulants.

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Indications Hexoprenaline

It is used in obstetric procedures:

• to slow down contractions occurring during labor (if the fetus has acute intrauterine asphyxia or uncoordinated labor activity is observed);
• to immobilize the uterus before performing an obstetric or surgical procedure (such as a cesarean section; or in case of cord prolapse, manual repositioning of the fetus inside the womb, as well as in case of problems with labor activity);
• to suppress premature contractions during the pre-hospital stage.

Long-term therapy – to prevent the possible onset of premature labor, when frequent or extremely painful contractions are observed, during which there is no shortening or opening of the cervix, and also during or after operations on the cervix.

Use in pulmonology: stopping the development of BOS during an exacerbation of existing bronchial asthma or obstructive pathologies of a chronic nature. Also used to eliminate bronchospastic symptoms of various origins and to prevent attacks of existing bronchial asthma.

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Release form

It is released in an aerosol package, in a 15 ml bottle, equipped with a dosing nozzle that regulates the dosage after pressing (one injection is equal to 0.2 mg of the substance). In total, the bottle contains about 400 portions.

Also produced in 0.5 mg tablets, in quantities of 20 or 100 pieces per box.

The medicine can be released in a solution - inside ampoules with a volume of 2 ml (ampoule capacity - 5 mg). Inside the pack - 5 such ampoules.

It is produced in the form of a children's syrup - 0.125 mg of medicine inside 1 measuring spoon (volume 5 ml). The volume of 1 bottle is 150 ml.

For use through simple inhalers, a 0.025% solution of the drug is also produced (capacity - 0.25 mg of substance per 1 ml) - inside 50 ml bottles.

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Pharmacodynamics

The medicine reduces contractile activity and myometrial tone; is a β2-sympathomimetic. Reduces the intensity and frequency of uterine contractions. Suppresses oxytocin-induced or spontaneous attacks of labor contractions. At the same time, during labor, it stabilizes the condition with irregular or too painful contractions.

The effect of hexoprenaline often allows preventing the development of premature contractions, as a result of which the pregnancy is prolonged to a period acceptable for delivery. The selectivity of the drug in relation to β2-adrenoreceptors allows the drug not to have a significant effect on the work of the heart, as well as the blood flow of the pregnant woman and the fetus.

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Dosing and administration

Use of the drug tablets.

The dosage of tablets for an adult is 0.5-1 g, taken three times a day.

Serving sizes for children:

• infants aged 3-6 months – take 0.125 mg of the drug (a quarter of a tablet) 1-2 times a day;
• infants aged 7-12 months – take 0.125 mg of the drug (a quarter of a tablet) 1-3 times a day;
• children 1-3 years old – use 0.125-0.25 mg (quarter/half tablet) 1-3 times a day;
• age category 4-6 years – use of 0.25 mg of medication (0.5 tablets), taken 1-3 times per day;
• age group 7-10 years – use of 0.5 mg of the substance (1 tablet of the drug), 1-3 times in 24 hours.

Using an aerosol.

To eliminate the onset of an asthma attack, the drug is used in the form of an aerosol. For children from 3 years old, as well as adults, the dose is 0.2-0.4 mg (1-2 sprays). A maximum of 2 mg of the substance is allowed per day - in the amount of 0.4 mg (2 sprays) five times per day. The interval between inhalations should be at least half an hour.

Application of medicinal solution.

For adults, an intravenous injection of 0.5 mg of the drug (2 ml) is required. If necessary, the dosage can be increased to 1.5-2 mg of the drug (3-4 ml of solution).

When treating asthmatic status (an excessively prolonged attack of existing bronchial asthma that cannot be eliminated with the patient's usual medications), it is recommended to administer 0.5 mg of the medication (2 ml of solution) 3-4 times over 24 hours.

Single serving size for children:

• infants aged 3-6 months – use of 1 mcg of the drug;
• age group 7-12 months – administration of 2 mcg of the drug;
• children 1-3 years old – use of 2-3 mcg of the substance;
• age 4-10 years – injection of 3-4 mcg of medication.

Using the jet method, intravenous injection is carried out over 2 minutes.

Before performing an intravenous drip injection, it is necessary to dilute the solution using a saline solution of sodium chloride or glucose.

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Use Hexoprenaline during pregnancy

Hexoprenaline is prohibited to be prescribed in the 1st trimester.

When using drugs during pregnancy, fetal heart rate values often change only slightly or do not change at all.

During the period of therapy, it is necessary to stop breastfeeding.

Contraindications

Main contraindications:

• the presence of high sensitivity to the elements of the drug, as well as to sulfites;
• premature detachment of the placenta;
• infection of the endometrium or bleeding from the uterus;
• pathologies affecting the function of the cardiovascular system, against the background of which tachyarrhythmias are observed;
• myocarditis or heart defects (mitral type; aortic stenosis);
• cardiomyopathies, including IHSS;
• elevated blood pressure or the presence of coronary heart disease;
• severe kidney or liver disease;
• thyrotoxicosis;
• closed-angle glaucoma.

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Side effects Hexoprenaline

The use of the drug may lead to the following side effects:

• feeling of anxiety, headaches, hyperhidrosis, muscle tremors and dizziness;
• the appearance of pain in the heart, the development of tachycardia or ventricular extrasystole, and in addition, a sharp decrease in blood pressure;
• intestinal atony or deterioration of intestinal peristalsis;
• increased functional activity of liver transaminases, occurrence of hypokalemia or hyperglycemia, appearance of edema and decreased diuresis;
• In addition, newborn babies may experience acidosis, as well as hypoglycemia, anaphylaxis, or acute bronchospasm.

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Overdose

Among the manifestations of intoxication: a feeling of restlessness or anxiety, the development of hyperhidrosis, headaches, fine-scale tremor of a distal nature, a pronounced form of tachycardia, as well as heart rhythm disorders, dyspnea and cardialgia. A decrease in blood pressure is also noted.

To eliminate the disorders, it is necessary to prescribe the use of non-selective β-blockers (such as propranolol) to the victim.

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Interactions with other drugs

The properties of the drug are weakened when combined with non-selective β-blockers.

Increased efficacy is observed when combined with methylxanthines (such as theophylline).

Drugs used for anesthesia (eg, fluorothane) and sympathomimetics potentiate adverse effects on the cardiovascular system.

Hexoprenaline reduces the effectiveness of orally administered hypoglycemic drugs.

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Storage conditions

Hexoprenaline should be kept in a dark place, out of the reach of small children. The temperature level should not exceed 25°C.

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Shelf life

Hexoprenaline is allowed to be used for 5 years from the date of release of the drug.

Analogues

Analogues of the drug are Ginipral and Ipradol.

The drugs Salbutal, Terbutaline with Berotek, and also Fenoterol have a similar medicinal effect.

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