Hexoprenaline

Hexoprenaline - a drug that primarily affects the function of PNS. Included in the category of selective β2-adrenostimulants.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5]

Indications of the hexoprenaline

It is used for obstetric procedures:

• to slow down the contractions occurring in the process of labor (if the fetus has an acute form of intrauterine asphyxia or discordant birth activity is noted);
• to immobilize the uterus before performing an obstetric or surgical procedure (such as a caesarean section, or with an umbilical cord, a manual change in the position of the fetus inside the womb, and also with problems with generic activity);
• to suppress prematurely begun fights during the prehospital stage.

Long-term therapy - to prevent the possible onset of premature birth, when there are frequent or extremely painful contractions, in which there is no shortening or opening of the uterine neck, but also during operations on the uterine neck or after them.

Use in pulmonology: stopping the development of BOS during exacerbation of existing bronchial asthma or obstructive pathologies of a chronic nature. Also used to eliminate bronchospastic symptoms of a different nature and to prevent the occurrence of seizures of existing bronchial asthma.

[6], [7], [8], [9]

Release form

The release takes place in an aerosol container, in a 15 ml bottle, equipped with a metering nozzle, which regulates the dosage after pressing (one injection is 0.2 mg of the substance). In general, the bottle contains approximately 400 servings.

Also produced in tablets with a volume of 0.5 mg, in quantities of 20 or 100 pieces inside the box.

The medication can be released in solution - inside ampoules in a volume of 2 ml (ampoule capacity - 5 mg). Inside the pack there are 5 such ampoules.

Produced in the form of baby syrup - 0,125 mg of medicine inside the first measuring spoon (5 ml volume). The volume of the 1st bottle is 150 ml.

For use through simple inhalers, another 0.025% solution of the drug is produced (capacity - 0.25 mg of substance per 1 ml) - inside the bottles with a capacity of 50 ml.

[10]

Pharmacodynamics

The medicine lowers the contractile activity, as well as the tone of the myometrium; is β2-sympathomimetic. Reduces the intensity and frequency of uterine contractions. Suppresses induced by oxytocin or spontaneous attacks of birth pains. At the same time, during childbirth, it stabilizes the condition with irregular or too painful bouts.

The effect of hexoprenaline often prevents the development of premature labor, resulting in the pregnancy is prolonged until an acceptable period for delivery. The selectivity of the drug substance for β2-adrenergic receptors allows the drug to not have a significant effect on heart function, as well as the blood flow of the pregnant woman and fetus.

[11], [12], [13], [14]

Dosing and administration

Use of medication tablets.

The dosage of tablets for an adult is 0.5-1 g with a triple take for the day.

Serving size for children:

• infants aged 3-6 months - receiving 0.125 mg LS (quarter tablet) in the multiplicity of 1-2 times / day;
• infants in the age category 7-12 months - use 0.125 mg of the drug (quarter tablet) in an amount of 1-3 times / day;
• children 1-3 years - application 0,125-0,25 mg (quarter / half of the tablet) with 1-3 times a day;
• age category 4-6 years - use of 0.25 mg of medicament (0.5 tablets), with a 1-3-fold intake per day;
• group in the age range of 7-10 years - use of 0.5 mg of the substance (1st tablet of drugs), 1-3 times in 24 hours.

Use of aerosol.

To eliminate the onset of asthma attack, the drug is applied in the form of an aerosol. For children from 3 years old, as well as adults, the dose size is 0.2-0.4 mg (1-2 injections). For a day it is allowed to take a maximum of 2 mg of the substance - in the amount of 0.4 mg (2 injections) five times per day. The interval between inhalations should be at least half an hour.

Use of medicinal solution.

For adults, it is required to administer an intravenous injection of 0.5 mg of the drug (2 ml). If necessary, it is possible to increase the dosage to 1.5-2 mg of the drug (3-4 ml solution).

In the treatment of asthmatic status (an excessively prolonged attack of existing bronchial asthma, which can not be eliminated with the usual drugs used by the patient), it is recommended to administer 0.5 mg of medicament (2 ml of solution) 3-4 times per 24 hours.

Size of a single portion of children:

• infants aged 3-6 months - use of the 1st mcg preparation;
• age group 7-12 months - introduction of 2 mcg of drugs;
• children 1-3 years old - use 2-3 μg of substance;
• age 4-10 years - injection of 3-4 mcg of medicament.

Injection method is performed by an intravenous method during 2 minutes.

Before drip intravenous injection requires dilution of the solution, using for this saline solution of sodium chloride or glucose.

[18], [19], [20], [21], [22]

Use of the hexoprenaline during pregnancy

Hexoprenaline is prohibited from prescribing for the 1st trimester.

In the case of using drugs during pregnancy, fetal heart rate values often change only slightly or do not change at all.

For the period of therapy, it is necessary to refuse breastfeeding.

Contraindications

The main contraindications:

• presence of high sensitivity to the elements of the medicament, as well as with respect to sulfites;
• placental abruption, which occurred prematurely;
• infection of the endometrium or bleeding from the uterus;
• pathologies affecting the function of SSS, against which tachyarrhythmias are noted;
• myocarditis or cardiac malformations (mitral type, stenosis of the aortic aorta);
• cardiomyopathy, including IGSS;
• increased values of blood pressure or the presence of IHD;
• renal or hepatic diseases in severe degree;
• thyrotoxicosis;
• glaucoma of an occluded nature.

[15]

Side effects of the hexoprenaline

The use of medication can lead to the appearance of the following side symptoms:

• anxiety, headaches, hyperhidrosis, muscle tremors and dizziness;
• the appearance of pain in the heart, the development of tachycardia or ventricular extrasystole, and in addition a sharp decrease in blood pressure;
• intestinal atony or impaired intestinal peristalsis;
• increased functional activity of hepatic transaminases, the emergence of hypokalemia or hyperglycemia, the appearance of swelling and decreased diuresis;
• In addition, newborn babies may experience acidosis, but in addition hypoglycemia, anaphylaxis, or acute spasm of the bronchi.

[16], [17],

Overdose

Among the manifestations of intoxication: a feeling of anxiety or anxiety, the development of hyperhidrosis, headaches, small-scale tremor of distal character, severe form of tachycardia, and in addition disorders of heart rhythm, dyspnoea and cardialgia. There is also a decrease in blood pressure.

To eliminate the violations, it is necessary to appoint the patient to use non-selective β-blockers (such as propranolol).

[23], [24]

Interactions with other drugs

Properties of the drug are weakened when combined with non-selective β-blockers.

Increased efficacy is observed when combined with methylxanthines (such as theophylline).

Drugs used for anesthesia (eg, fluorothane), and sympathomimetics potentiate side-effects on the part of the CCC.

Hexoprenaline weakens the effectiveness of orally administered hypoglycemic medications.

[25], [26]

Storage conditions

Hexoprenaline is required to be kept in a dark place, closed from the access of young children. The temperature level is not higher than 25 ° C.

[27], [28]

Shelf life

Hexoprenaline is allowed to be used for 5 years from the date of release of the drug.

Analogues

Analogues of the drug are Ginipral preparations, as well as Ipradol.

Similar medicinal effects are medications Salbutal, Terbutaline with Berotek, and in addition Fenoterol.

[29], [30], [31]