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Heferol
Heferol helps to fill the lack of iron in the body. This substance is an important element that takes part in the synthesis of hemoglobin and other globin enzymes.
Indications Heferol
Treatment and prevention of iron deficiency anemia.
Increased loss of iron: bleeding from the digestive tract (stomach ulcer and duodenal ulcer, ulcerative colitis, polyposis, hemorrhoids), bleeding from the urogenital tract (polymenorrhea, hypermenorrhea, metrorrhagia, hematuria), with fibromyomatosis, bleeding of various genesis.
The increased need for an organism in the gland: the period of intensive growth and sexual development, pregnancy, the period of breastfeeding.
Insufficiency of iron intake: reduced intake from food, impaired absorption of iron in malabsorption syndrome, the presence of inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract.
Pharmacodynamics
Heferol contains iron fumarate (2-valent iron). This substance promotes the process of erythropoiesis occurring in the bone marrow, and besides it is an integral part of hemoglobin (about two-thirds of the total iron), as well as myoglobin and individual enzymes. The lack of external intake of iron or a problem with its absorption in the body can lead to the development of latent or pronounced clinically iron deficiency anemia.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption of iron occurs in the intestine, during the sequential release of the substance from the capsules. If a person is healthy, about 10-15% of the dose is absorbed. And if the patient is deficient in iron, the absorption increases to 25-30%. Excretion from the body occurs through the kidneys (the minimum of the substance), and besides this, together with bile and feces. Nursing mothers get about 0.25 mg / day in milk.
Contraindications
Among the contraindications:
- Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug;
- Anemia that is not associated with a lack of iron (such as megaloblastic, which arises from a deficiency of the vitamin B12 group, as well as hemolytic);
- Acute intestinal obstruction or diverticulosis;
- Iron-deficiency anemia (lead);
- Hemosiderosis;
- Regular blood transfusions;
- Simultaneous treatment with iron-containing drugs through intravenous infusions.
Dosing and administration
Take the drug should be on an empty stomach before breakfast, half an hour before it. The capsule should be washed with plenty of water. For children from 12 years and adults, the dosage is 2 capsules / day in 1 or 2 doses (for treatment) and 1 capsule (for prevention). Therapeutic course can be 6-12 weeks. Drug consumption continues until the normalization of blood counts (approximately 3-4 months).
Overdose
Acute overdose manifests itself by such symptoms: pain in the epigastrium and vomiting with nausea, as well as melena and diarrhea. At the same time, paleness, drowsiness, and cyanosis of the skin can also be observed. If the case is severe, shock or collapse may occur, and in some cases a coma condition and death. In case of internal reception, the lethal dose is 180-300 mg / kg of body weight. Sometimes a dosage of 30 mg / kg may become toxic. The appearance of signs of an overdose occurs after 1 hour or several hours after taking the medication.
Treatment: a call of a vomiting and a lavage of a stomach. As a specific antidote, deferoxamine appears. Chelation with deferoxamine is used:
- if the dosage of iron used fumarate is 180-300 + mg / kg;
- the index of saturation of iron in blood serum exceeds the level of 400 mg%;
- the saturation index of iron in the blood serum becomes higher than the total iron-binding capacity of the organism, and / or the patient falls into a coma / shock state.
Conducting hemodialysis will not give the desired effect.
Interactions with other drugs
The process of absorption of iron from the digestive tract decreases when combined with tetracycline and its derivatives, as well as antacids. Iron slows the absorption of penicillamine, tetracycline and individual quinolones (such as norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin) from the digestive tract.
When combined with chloramphenicol, inhibition of the hematologic response to treatment with iron-containing agents occurs.