Gyno-Tardiferon

Gino-Tardiferon is a combination drug that contains two active ingredients: iron sulfate and folic acid.

1. Ferrous Sulfate: Iron is an essential mineral needed for red blood cell production and body function. Ferrous sulfate is often used to treat and prevent iron deficiency anemia, a condition in which the body has low levels of iron. This medication helps to replace the iron deficiency and restore the body's red blood cell count to normal.
2. Folic acid: Folic acid, or vitamin B9, plays an important role in the production of new cells, including red blood cells. Supplementation may be helpful for women during pregnancy, to prevent neural tube defects in the fetus, and to treat iron deficiency anemia, especially if the anemia is due to folate deficiency.

Gyno-Tardiferon is commonly used to treat and prevent iron deficiency anemia, especially in women during pregnancy or those with increased iron and folic acid needs. It provides the body with essential nutrients to maintain normal red blood cell levels and overall health.

Indications Gyno-Tardiferone

1. Iron deficiency anemia: The drug is used to treat anemia caused by iron deficiency. Iron sulfate helps to replenish the iron deficiency in the body by increasing the number of red blood cells and improving oxygen conduction in tissues.
2. Prevention of anemia: Gyno-Tardiferon can be used as a prophylactic agent to prevent the development of iron deficiency anemia in individuals at increased risk (e.g. pregnant women, children, adolescents during periods of rapid growth, people with insufficient iron intake in food).
3. Folic acid supplementation: Folic acid in the preparation may also be used to prevent neural tube defects in the fetus during pregnancy and to treat iron deficiency anemia, especially if the anemia is due to folate deficiency.

Release form

Tablets or capsules are usually coated or formulated to prevent gastrointestinal irritation and improve absorption of the ingredients. They are typically taken with or during meals to improve absorption.

Pharmacodynamics

The pharmacodynamics of Gyno-Tardiferon lies in its ability to prevent and treat iron deficiency anemia, as well as promote normal fetal development due to the components of iron sulfate and folic acid.

1. Ferrous Sulfate: Iron is a key component of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen to the body's cells. The ferrous sulfate in Gyno-Tardiferon increases iron levels in the body, which helps increase hemoglobin production and improve oxygen metabolism.
2. Folic acid: This component is critical for cell division and growth. Folic acid helps the fetus' neural tube form properly, which reduces the risk of neurological defects in newborns.

The study showed that the use of Gyno-Tardiferon is effective in treating latent iron deficiency in pregnant women, preventing its progression to overt anemia and improving overall pregnancy and childbirth outcomes (Kutsenko et al., 2023).

These properties make Gino-Tardiferon an important tool for maintaining the health of mother and child during pregnancy.

Pharmacokinetics

1. Ferrous Sulfate: Ferrous sulfate is usually absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Absorption occurs in the upper portions of the intestine, primarily in the duodenum and small intestine. Factors that can affect iron absorption include the presence of other dietary components (such as phytates or tannins) and the degree of iron deficiency in the body. Once absorbed, iron sulfate circulates in the blood, binds to transport proteins such as transferrin, and is distributed to organs and tissues.
2. Folic acid: Folic acid is also normally absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, primarily in the upper portions of the intestine. It is rapidly metabolized into active folate forms in the liver. These active forms can then circulate in the blood and be used by the body to synthesize nucleic acids and other important biological molecules.
3. Interactions and Metabolism: Iron sulfate and folic acid may interact with other food components and drugs, which may affect their absorption, metabolism and excretion from the body.
4. Excretion: Excess iron is usually excreted from the body through the intestines, and folic acid is excreted in the urine.
5. Clinical aspects: When using Gyno-Tardiferon, it is important to take into account the individual characteristics of the patient, such as the degree of iron and folate deficiency, as well as possible interactions with other drugs or food components.

Dosing and administration

1. Dosage:

   • The dosage of iron sulfate and folic acid in Gyno-Tardiferon may vary depending on the level of iron and folate deficiency in the body.
   • It is usually recommended to take a tablet once or twice a day. The dosage may vary depending on the specific formulation of the drug.
   • The dosage of folic acid is usually 0.4 to 1 mg per day, but may be increased if medically indicated.

2. Directions for use:

   • Gyno-Tardiferon tablets are usually taken orally, that is, through the mouth, and are swallowed whole, often after meals, to reduce possible iron-related side effects such as irritation of the stomach lining.
   • It is important to follow the instructions on the package or your doctor's recommendations regarding when to take the tablets and how many tablets to take.

3. Course duration:

   • The duration of treatment with Gyno-Tardiferone is determined by the doctor depending on the severity of the anemia and the patient's response to treatment.
   • Typically, a course of treatment can last from several weeks to several months.

Use Gyno-Tardiferone during pregnancy

The use of Gyno-Tardiferon during pregnancy is considered safe and effective for the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia, which is common in pregnant women. Iron sulfate and folic acid, which are part of Gyno-Tardiferon, help prevent anemia and maintain the health of both the mother and the developing fetus.

One study showed that timely treatment of latent iron deficiency with an iron-containing drug (such as Gyno-Tardiferon) prevents the development of severe iron deficiency anemia and hypoxia, which ultimately reduces the risk of complications during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period (Kutsenko et al., 2023).

Thus, Gino-Tardiferon is recommended for use as a supplement to the diet of pregnant women for the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia, especially in cases of high risk of its development or existing iron deficiency.

Contraindications

1. Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug: People with known hypersensitivity to iron sulfate, folic acid or other components of Gyno-Tardiferon should avoid its use.
2. Conditions that contraindicate iron supplementation: This may include conditions such as hemochromatosis (excess iron in the body), hemolytic anemia, or other iron metabolism disorders.
3. Conditions in which taking folic acid is contraindicated: These may include conditions associated with the possibility of accumulation of folic acid in the body, such as leukocytosis, leukemia, or some types of megaloblastic anemia.
4. Conditions requiring specialized treatment: People with serious conditions such as heart disease, kidney disease or other chronic diseases should consult a doctor before starting to take Gyno-Tardiferon.
5. Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Taking Gyno-Tardiferon during pregnancy and breastfeeding should only be done under the supervision of a physician and on his recommendation.

Side effects Gyno-Tardiferone

1. Gastrointestinal disorders: Including nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, or abdominal pain. These are especially common with iron sulfate.
2. Changes in taste: Some people may experience a metallic taste in their mouth after taking iron.
3. Allergic reactions: Including skin rash, itching, swelling of the face, lips or tongue. These reactions, although rare, may require medical attention.
4. Digestive problems: Some people may experience stomach discomfort or worsening of existing disorders, such as stomach ulcers or ulcerative colitis.
5. Risk of Iron Overdose: If you take more than the recommended dose of ferrous sulfate, you may overdose, which can lead to serious complications such as iron poisoning.
6. Interference with the absorption of other drugs: Iron can interact with some other drugs, causing them to be less effective or making your health worse.

Overdose

Symptoms of overdose may include:

1. Iron (ferrous sulfate):

   • Acute iron overdose can lead to acute poisoning with possible symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea, glandular reaction (dark porridge-colored diarrhea) and even life-threatening complications such as acute renal failure and red blood cell destruction syndrome (hemolytic anemia syndrome).

2. Folic acid:

   • Overdosing on folic acid is rare because it is water-soluble and excess is usually excreted from the body through urine.
   • However, with long-term use of high doses of folic acid, undesirable effects may occur, such as masking the symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency and possible masking of megaloblastic anemia.

Interactions with other drugs

1. Iron-affecting drugs: Drugs containing calcium, antacids, tannins or magnesium may reduce iron absorption. Therefore, Gyno-Tardiferon should be taken at some interval relative to such drugs.
2. Iron absorption enhancing drugs: Vitamin C may enhance iron absorption. Therefore, in some cases, taking vitamin C or vitamin C-rich foods may improve the effectiveness of Gyno-Tardiferon.
3. Iron-containing preparations: When used simultaneously with other iron-containing preparations, the undesirable effects of iron, such as constipation or dyspepsia, may be increased.
4. Drugs that affect folate metabolism: Some drugs may affect folate metabolism, such as antiepileptic drugs (eg, phenytoin or carbamazepine), antibiotics (eg, sulfonamides), methotrexate, etc. This may require adjustment of the folate dose.
5. Drugs that affect absorption: Some drugs or foods may affect the absorption of folic acid, which may require dosage adjustments.