Gensoulin R

Gensulin R is a hypoglycemic drug, an insulin agent.

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Indications Gensulina R

It is used in diabetes mellitus, which requires the administration of insulin substances.

Release form

The substance is released in the form of an injection suspension, inside glass bottles with a capacity of 10 ml (1 bottle inside a pack). It is also sold in cartridges with a volume of 3 ml, 5 pieces inside a box.

Pharmacodynamics

Gensulin is a recombinant human isophane insulin substance that is produced using genetic engineering techniques using a non-pathogenic, genetically modified strain of E. coli.

Insulin is a hormone produced by the cells of the pancreas. It is involved in protein, carbohydrate and fat metabolism, helping, for example, to reduce blood sugar levels. When there is a deficiency of insulin, a person develops diabetes. Insulin administered by injection has an effect similar to that of the hormone produced by the body.

Pharmacokinetics

The effect of the drug begins within half an hour after the injection. Cmax values are noted after 2-8 hours, and the duration of the effect of the drug reaches 24 hours (depending on the size of the dosage portion). In a healthy person, the synthesis of insulin with blood protein is up to 5%. It was found that insulin penetrates into the cerebrospinal fluid in an amount that is about 25% of the indicators determined in the blood serum.

Insulin exchange processes develop inside the kidneys with the liver. Small volumes of it are subject to exchange inside fatty tissues with muscles.

Insulin is excreted by the kidneys. Some trace amounts of the substance are excreted with bile. The half-life of human insulin is approximately 4 minutes. In liver- and kidney-associated diseases, insulin excretion may be delayed. In elderly people, insulin excretion is slower and the period of hypoglycemic effect is prolonged.

Dosing and administration

It is necessary to strictly follow all the doctor's recommendations. If any doubts arise, it is necessary to consult a physician.

Clinical practice has many methods of using insulin. The optimal scheme that will meet all the patient's needs should be selected by the attending physician. Based on blood glucose values, he prescribes the required dosage and type of insulin for the patient.

Only a physician can change the dosage, mix insulin products, or make other changes to the insulin therapy regimen.

The patient needs to monitor the sugar levels in the urine and blood using standard tests (for example, test strips). If the indicators do not correspond to the normal level, you need to inform the doctor about it.

Consultations with a physician are required at all times, especially during the first weeks of insulin treatment.

Gensulin is administered subcutaneously. Only in exceptional circumstances can it be administered intramuscularly.

It is necessary to vary the injection sites to prevent the formation of seals on the epidermis. The most suitable areas for injection are the shoulder, abdomen, front of the thigh and buttocks. When injected into the abdominal area, insulin is absorbed faster than when injected into other areas. The drug should be injected into one area no more than once a month. The medication should be administered 15 minutes before eating.

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Use Gensulina R during pregnancy

It is extremely important for pregnant women to maintain an optimal sugar level, because the development of hyperglycemia can cause abnormalities in the fetus. In the 1st trimester, the need for insulin decreases and in this case it is necessary to reduce its dosage, but already in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters this need increases, which is why it is necessary to increase the dosage of Gensulin (on average up to +75% of the portion used before pregnancy).

Immediately after delivery, the need for insulin drops sharply.

Lactating women with diabetes need to change their insulin dosage or diet. The need for insulin at this time is reduced (compared to the period before pregnancy), leveling off to the initial level occurs after 6-9 months.

Contraindications

Main contraindications:

• the presence of manifestations that indicate the development of hypoglycemia;
• the presence of intolerance to human insulin or other auxiliary components of the drug;
• history of allergy to any insulin product, medication, food, dye or preservative;
• changing your diet or increasing your standard physical activity.

In severe stages of infections, diseases accompanied by high fever, increased emotional stress, and also in case of diarrhea, absorption disorders and gastric motility, diseases in the gastrointestinal tract or vomiting, it is necessary to constantly monitor the sugar levels in the urine and blood, and in case of development of disorders, consult a medical specialist. It is necessary, if possible, to adhere to the prescribed insulin dosages and eat regularly.

If you are planning a long trip (or if you are changing time zones), you may need to adjust the amount or timing of your insulin. Before traveling that requires crossing at least 2 time zones, you should consult your doctor about using insulin. Since the medicine cannot be frozen, it is stored in your carry-on baggage rather than in your checked baggage when flying.

Side effects Gensulina R

Often, the following side effects develop: local signs of allergy - such as swelling, erythema and itching. Such manifestations often disappear after a few days or weeks. Sometimes local signs do not appear because of insulin (for example, under the influence of irritating components contained in the composition of the disinfectant drug, or due to improper injection technique).

Sometimes symptoms such as a lump in the injection area occur.

General allergic symptoms similar to generalized insulin intolerance occur sporadically. Manifestations include dyspnea and rashes all over the body. In addition, there is also stridor, increased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, and hyperhidrosis. Sometimes, generalized allergic manifestations can even become life-threatening. Rarely, a severe reaction to the drug requires urgent treatment. Desensitization and insulin replacement may be necessary.

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Overdose

Insulin intoxication causes hypoglycemia, which manifests itself in the form of a feeling of lethargy and sluggishness, vomiting, palpitations, hyperhidrosis and headaches.

If hypoglycemia is moderate, it is necessary to drink sweet water or eat a sweet product that contains a lot of carbohydrates. In addition, the patient needs to rest. It is recommended to always carry candies, sugar cubes or glucose with you.

In severe cases, seizures, loss of consciousness, and sometimes death may occur. To restore consciousness, a glucagon injection must be administered (this must be done by a qualified specialist).

After the glucagon injection, immediately after consciousness is restored, the patient should eat sugar or something sweet. If there is no consciousness after the injection, the victim should be hospitalized.

It is necessary that everyone who is often around the patient knows what to do if he loses consciousness - he must be laid horizontally, and then immediately call medical specialists. It is forbidden to give the victim any food or drink in this state (due to the high probability of aspiration).

If hypoglycemia develops with subsequent loss of consciousness or in case of frequent hypoglycemic conditions, you should consult with your doctor regarding changing the insulin dose, as well as the time of drug administration, taking into account the person’s physical activity and diet.

The development of hypoglycemia occurs in the following cases:

• injecting too much insulin;
• insufficient amount of food consumed or skipping meals;
• an increase in physical activity that is unusual for the patient.

Interactions with other drugs

Agents and drugs that potentiate the properties of insulin: salicylates (aspirin), orally taken antidiabetic drugs, certain antidepressants (MAOIs), certain ACE inhibitors (such as enalapril or captopril), non-selective 0-adrenergic blockers (sotalol or propranolol) and ethanol.

Medicines that weaken insulin activity: thyroid hormones, GCS, danazol, growth hormones, β2-sympathomimetics (including salbutamol with ritodrine and terbutaline), as well as niacin and thiazide diuretics (for example, hydrochlorothiazide).

Changes in the level of need for insulin can be produced by analogues of the substance somatostatin (such as lanreotide or octreotide).

In some patients who have been treated for a long time for type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases, or in those with a history of stroke, the combined use of insulin with pioglitazone has occasionally resulted in the development of HF. If any manifestations of HF (e.g. cyanosis, weight gain, dyspnea, fatigue, swelling in the legs) occur, seek immediate medical attention.

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Storage conditions

Gensulin should be kept in a dark place (refrigerator), out of the reach of small children, at temperatures between 2-8°C. Freezing the suspension is prohibited.

The medicine in cartridges after opening remains stable for 28 days (temperature no more than 25°C), and the substance in vials – for 42 days (temperature no higher than 25°C). Used cartridges with vials are prohibited from being kept in the refrigerator; the patient can carry them with him.

Shelf life

Gensulin is permitted to be used within a period of 24 months from the date of manufacture of the medicinal substance.

Application for children

There is insufficient data on the use of drugs in pediatrics.

Analogues

Analogues of the drug are Insuman Basal GT, Protafan NM Penfill with Protafan NM, as well as Humulin NPH and Protamine-insulin CHS.

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